向量代数

As the center or the Algebra subalgebra of a algebra plays an important role in reducing the number of state variables, the cartan subalgebra is a maximum Abelian subalgebra of an algebra, so it can be a powerful tool for the structure simplification of control systems.

由于代数的中心，或交换子代数在系统的变量降低方面具有重要作用，而Cartan子代数是李代数的极大交换子代数，因而它能成为简化系统结构的有力工具，第二部分利用向量场的积分曲线所定义的映射，构造出一个S—坐标，在该坐标下任一向量场都有一个标准的表示方法，一种无穷级数表示方法。

In the fourth chapter, firstly it introduces the Boolean functions algebraic expressions of the 2-value clock-controlled stop-and-go generator and Gunther generator. It reveals the balanced property of the two kinds of Boolean functions, and studies the Walsh cycle spectrum and the autocorrelation function. It also obtains the coincidence rate of their output sequences with affine sum of some bits of input sequences, and analyzes their ability of resisting the best affine approximation cryptanalysis and differential cryptanalysis. Secondly, we properly present a new definition of the Best Affine Approximation, namely BAA on the Boolean vector functions, followed by the spectral characteristic of such defined BAA attacks through using the decomposition formula of the union distribution for random variables. A lower bound of such BAA attacks is proposed. Finally, we also study the spectral characteristic of the second kind of nonlinearity of Boolean vector functions, followed by a higher bound of such nonlinearity. Furthermore, the limited relationship between the second kind of nonlinearity of Boolean vector functions and the linear structure of the linear combination of every component is analyzed.

在第四章中，首先给出了2值密钥流"停走生成器"和"衮特生成器"中实际存在的布尔函数的代数表示，揭示了这两类布尔函数的平衡性，随后研究了它们的Walsh循环谱和自相关函数等，得到了它们的输出序列与输入序列中的某些bit的仿射项的符合率，分析了它们抵抗最佳仿射逼近攻击和差分攻击的能力；其次，我们合理地给出了布尔向量函数最佳仿射逼近的新定义，利用布尔随机变量联合分布的分解式考察了相应的谱特征，并给出了布尔向量函数与其最佳仿射逼近的符合率的一个下界；最后，我们还考察了布尔向量函数第二类非线性度的谱特征，给出了布尔向量函数第二类非线性度的一个上界，并揭示了布尔向量函数第二类非线性度与其各个分量的线性和的线性结构之间存在的制约关系。

Using the theories of probability, algebra and spectral theory comprehensively, we investigate some related characteristics of logic functions in cryptography: Firstly, we introduce m order generalized s - correlation immunity of Boolean vector functions and prove that the higher order generalized ε- correlation immunity can guarantee the lower order generalized ε- correlation immunity. Then by applying decomposition formula of joint distribution of Boolean random vectors, we give a spectrum criterion of m order generalized e - correlation immunity of Boolean vector functions. Furthermore, we show that the algebraic degree of m order generalized e - correlation immune Boolean vector functions is not restricted by the correlation immune orders.

本文主要运用概率论的思想和方法，并结合代数学和频谱理论的相关知识，对密码学中逻辑函数的有关性质进行了研究，主要包括以下三个方面的内容：首先，对布尔向量函数的相关免疫性进行了拓展，给出了k维布尔向量函数m阶广义ε-相关免疫的概念，证明了布尔向量函数的高阶广义ε-相关免疫性蕴含低阶广义ε-相关免疫性，并根据布尔随机向量联合分布分解式得到了布尔向量函数m阶广义ε-相关免疫的一个谱判别条件，还说明了m阶广义ε-相关免疫布尔向量函数的代数次数不受相关免疫阶数的制约。

Has now good standard library of matrix vector algebra.

＃具有良好的标准库现在的矩阵向量代数。

The course will introduce the basic theory of Linear Algebra including linear equations, Matrix theory and vector space concept. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors are used for describing the characteristics of the system. A set of orthogonal basis vectors represent the vector components and transformation characteristics.

线性代数是利用向量与矩阵特性，解决任何以线性方程式描述之系统，譬如电路系统、通讯系统、控制系统；藉由线性代数之特征值与特征向量，更能深入了解系统之内涵；藉由线性代数正交基底，则能深入了解向量讯号之组成与其转换特性。

Projective transformation of curved surface and plane intersecting line are completed based on vector algebra,adopting space coordinate transforming method.

方法基于向量代数，采用空间坐标变换方法，建立了圆锥面与平面相交中截交曲线的形成特点，讨论了二次曲线的构成的数学原理。

Though vector algebra, the theory of Pythagorean Theorem in Three-dimensional Euclidean Space was generalized with n-dimensional Eudidean space.

以向量代数为工具，将三维欧氏空间上的勾股定理在n维欧氏空间上进行了推广，得到了广义勾股定理。

In vector algebra, addition are defined to add coordinates entries respectively,and this system of operation is the direct sum Z Z={|a,b are integers} of integers ring Z,the operations are+=,=.

向量代数加法就是这样按照分量加法在运算，再加上按照分量的乘法，这个运算体系就是整数环Z的直和Z Z={|a，b为整数}，其上的运算就是+=，=。

Vector algebra in 3D, vector- valued functions, gradient, divergence and curl, Taylor series, numerical methods and applications.

三维向量代数、向量值函数、梯度、散度和旋度、泰勒级数、数值方法和应用。

My second professional goal is to organize/write a text book entitled "Vegetation Sciences and Vector Analysis" aimed at students whose majors are in Forestry, Rangelands, Ecology, Computer Science, and Quantitative Ecology.

第二专业目标是为生态，林业，植被，数量生态学专业的学生写一本书《植被科学与向量代数》搜集资料。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。