向量

Based on the intrinsic nullspace property of the SVM proven by the authors, which shows that the normal vector of the SVM decision plane is of the nullspace property in terms of the support vectors-based within-class scatter matrix, a support vectors-based method is presented to construct the Kernelized Decision Boundary Feature Matrix by using the SVM normal vectors.

进一步结合均值向量的差向量构建扩展决策边界特征矩阵。最后以支持向量为训练集合，结合零空间方法来计算投影空间，该投影空间被用来从原始图像中提取判别特征。

A new least-squares-based algorithm that introduces a within-class scatter with guaranteed classification performance in the design of least squares support vector machines is presented.This algorithm can obtain better correctness that reformulates primal LS-SVM problems with optimality criterion Min w′Mw where w is the weight vector corresponding the primal LS-SVM problems,M is the within-class scatter matrix.

提出了一个新的最小二乘支持向量机算法，该算法向最小二乘支持向量机优化模型中融入了类内散度思想，即用优化准则Min w′Mw对原LS-SVM进行重组合，w为对应LS-SVM中的权向量，M是类内散度矩阵。

So in order to improve the convergence of Ritz vectors, firstly, refining -strategy is applied to the Davidson method in this paper. The process restarts with the refined Ritz vectors as the initial vectors, and then we get the refined block Davidson method. By analyzing the convergence of the new method, we give the theorem of it.

为了改善Ritz向量的收敛性，本文首先在块Davidson方法的执行过程中，运用精化策略，求出相应的精化向量并将其作为初始向量进行重新开始过程，由此得到了精化块Davidson方法，并对精化块Davidson方法进行了收敛性分析；其次，本文将精化块Davidson方法结合收缩技术，提出了收缩的精化块Davidson方法。

In this paper, some decision theorems are suggested about the matrix orthogonal problem on the subspace of the finite dimensional Euclidan subspace. In addition, some concise results are obtained by matrix representation of the orthogonal complement and injection of vectors on the subspace.

利用向量组的Gram矩阵和向量的坐标矩阵对有限维欧氏空间中子空间的正交性给出了矩阵判定条件，对子空间的正交补及向量在子空间上的内射影给出了矩阵表示，获得了一些简捷有用的结果。

The course will introduce the basic theory of Linear Algebra including linear equations, Matrix theory and vector space concept. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors are used for describing the characteristics of the system. A set of orthogonal basis vectors represent the vector components and transformation characteristics.

线性代数是利用向量与矩阵特性，解决任何以线性方程式描述之系统，譬如电路系统、通讯系统、控制系统；藉由线性代数之特征值与特征向量，更能深入了解系统之内涵；藉由线性代数正交基底，则能深入了解向量讯号之组成与其转换特性。

Aeroflex Launches Complete Solution for RF Parametric Test of Wireless Subsystems, including LTEAeroflex announced the launch of the 7000 Series Vector Analyzer Generator, a single, fully integrated RF parametric test system for RF test of wireless components and subsystems. The 7000 Series combines both vector signal generation and vector signal analysis in a single box, providing an integrated approach to measurements for complex wireless standards, including LTE.

Aeroflex宣布推出7000系列向量分析仪产生器，是单一、集成之RF参数测试系统，可用于无线零组件和子系统的RF测试。7000系列在单一装置中结合了向量讯号产生和向量讯号分析功能，提供一个集成的方案来测量包括LTE等复杂的无线电标准。

In chapter one,we discuss tournament matrices that can not end in tie and theyare(0,1)-matrices,we first obtain a better lower bound for the number of regulartournament matrices,then we discuss the payoff matrix of tournament matrix,obtainsome properties of positive tournament matrices,a correlation between the spectralof a tournament matrix and its payoff matrix.We find serveal conditions that areequivalaent to a tournament matrix having 1 as its a eigenvalue.

第一章讨论不允许平局的竞赛矩阵-（0，1）-矩阵，得到了正则竞赛矩阵数目的一个下界，它改进了文献〓中已有的结果；在文献〓的基础上进一步讨论了正竞赛矩阵的性质，给出了利用已知平衡向量构造新平衡向量的方法；讨论了竞赛矩阵和它的支付矩阵的特征值之间的关系；指出了文献〓中的一个错误，回答了文献〓中的一个公开问题，得到了整数1为竞赛矩阵的特征值的充要条件及这种矩阵的谱根与得分向量之间的关系。

The generalized reliability of single failure mode component and unit structure under different kinds of uncertainty factors is treated perspicuously and classified. Combined with the three class fortify standard of aseismic design code,the conception of reliability vector of structures and systems with intermediate state before failure is put forward, and the calculation model of reliability vector with three stage working modes of "safety-intermediate-failure" and the operation rules of reliability vector of the simple aseismic engineering systems composed by structures are established.

针对各种不确定性因素下的单失效模式构件和单体结构，进行了广义可靠性的明晰化分类处理，结合抗震设计规范的三级设防标准，提出了具有中介状态结构与系统可靠性向量概念，建立了具有"安全-中介-失效"三级工作模式的可靠性向量计算模型，及其由结构组成的简单抗震工程系统的可靠性向量运算规则。

The update model of the probability vector in compact GA is characterized by random walk, based on which the components update of the probability vector in the CGA with binary code is studied. A novel algorithm is proposed consequently. By using this algorithm, the fitness difference of the two competitors is increased. This can guarantee the probability vector updates availably.

紧致遗传算法中概率向量进化的模型是随机游动模型，据此研究了二进制编码中向量分量的进化特性，提出了分级竞争紧致遗传算法（grading competition compact genetic algorithm，GCCGA），加大参与竞争的两个个体的适应度的差距，使概率向量有效进化。

A theorem of the alternative for the generalized subconvexlike set-valued maps is established using the separation theorem of convex sets in a Banach spaces, the concept of weak Benson proper efficient elements for a vector optimization problem is introduced, and the optimality necessary and sufficient Lagrange conditions for a vector set-valued map constrained optimization problem with the weak Benson proper efficiency is developed, with which the optimality Lagrange conditions for a nonconvex vector top-base constrained optimization of set-valued maps with the Benson proper efficiency are obtained.

刘莹 ，刘三阳，盛宝怀运用凸集分离定理对广义锥次类凸集值映射建立了一种择一性定理。引入向量优化弱Benson真有效元的概念，对带约束的非凸向量集值优化问题建立了在弱Benson真有效意义下有效元应满足Lagrange乘子型的必要及充分条件，并用这一结果建立了多目标主从非凸向量集值优化在弱Benson真有效意义下最优解的Lagrange乘子型充要条件。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。