向西的

The device of committing the collection of the revenue to middlemen, the publicans, who p46 realised profits altogether disproportionate to their services, was superseded partly by the direct collection of the taxes by Imperial officials, partly through the agency of the local magistracies of the towns.

向那些少劳多获的中层民众征税的手段，一部分被帝国官员的直接税取代，另一部分则通过市镇的地方市政机构收取。