向西

Based on plentiful isotopic dating data and geological studies, the authors, in this paper, discuss the geological meanings of the two isotopic ages given by Lapierre et al., and conclude:① Mesozoic volcanic activities in Zhejiang are most frequent in 130～83 Ma, that is, from the early to late Cretaceous but not the late Jurassic;② The Jiande and Moshishan groups are nearly in the same period and not in an upper—lower stratigraphic relationship with each other;③ The period of 110～100 Ma is a transitional stage from the early high-K calc-alkaline dacite—rhyolite associated with diorite—granodiorite） to the late basalt—rhyolite（associated with K-feldspar granite—alkali granite）.

本文就Lapierre等文中124 Ma和97 Ma两个年龄的地质意义、幕次划分以及浙西与浙东火山岩时代对比作出评论，并厘定浙江中生代火山岩时代归属，提出：①浙江中生代火山活动时代为132～83 Ma；②浙西建德群与浙东磨石山群火山岩并不存在上下关系，地质接触关系、古生物组合和大量同位素定年数据都不支持Lapierre等的浙西与浙东火山活动幕次的对比方案；③ 110～100 Ma为早期高钾钙碱性英安岩—流纹岩（伴生闪长岩—花岗闪长岩）向晚期玄武岩—流纹岩（伴生钾长花岗岩—碱性花岗岩）过渡的转折期。

The general route of the Great Indian Peninsula Railway is as follows:- Leaving Bombay, it passes through Salcette, crossing to the continent opposite Tannah, goes over the chain of the Western Ghauts, runs thence north-east as far as Burhampoor, skirts the nearly independent territory of Bundelcund, ascends to Allahabad, turns thence eastwardly, meeting the Ganges at Benares, then departs from the river a little, and, descending south-eastward by Burdivan and the French town of Chandernagor, has its terminus at Calcutta.

这儿，概括地介绍一下大印度半岛铁路沿线的重点站。火车离开孟买岛穿过萨尔赛特岛，进入位于塔那前面的大陆腹地，穿过西高止山脉向东北直达布尔汉普尔，再穿过差不多可以算是独立的本德尔汗德上邦的领地，北上到阿拉哈巴德，再向东进，在贝拿勒斯与恒河相遇，然后离开恒河不远向东南下行经过布德万和法属殖民地昌德纳戈尔直奔终点站加尔各答。

Based on the distribution of sand-moving wind direction, the dominant wind direction of Yangqing station is WSW due to the regional terrain, the others are all WN, WNW, NNW, the results indicate that the main sand moving direction in Beijing plain is from northwest to southeast.

从起沙风动力方向分布来看，除延庆站受区域地形影响是西南西为主导风向，其余站点的主导风向都是西北、西北西、北北西三个方向，说明北京平原地区的沙尘运移方向主要是自西北向东南搬运。

About four a-Clock in the Evening, being then within about a League of the Island, I found the Point of the Rocks which occasioned this Disaster, stretching out as is describ'd before to the Southward, and casting off the Current more Southwardly, had of Course made another Eddy to the North, and this I found very strong, but not directly setting the Way my Course lay which was due West, but almost full North.

大约下午四点钟，在离海岛不到三海里的地方，我看到了伸向南方的岬角，这一点我前面也已提到过。正是这堆礁石引发了这次祸端。岬角把急流进一步向南方逼去，同时又分出一股回流向北方流去。这股回流流得很急，一直向正北。这不是我要航行的方向，我的航线是要往西走。

Land-sea heating, monsoon circulation, eastern Pacific trade wind and the slow seasonal shift of NE Pacific SST form winter to summer bihemispherically- all in joint action give rise to the enhancement of the Walker circulation that will travel east-and northward (west-and southward); the intensification of the maintained eastern Pacific Hadley circulation and north America-Alatantic Walker circulation zonally is responsible dominantly for the zonal/meridional movement of the WPSH in the winter-to-summer (or summer-to-winter) shift and its combination with the north American subtropical high.

海陆加热、季风环流、东太平洋信风以及东北太平洋海表温度由冬向夏关于赤道南北季节转换的迟缓性等综合作用导致的纬向Walker环流的加强东移和北抬、持续的东太平洋Hadley环流和北美—大西洋纬向Walker环流的加强是西太平洋副高由冬向夏产生东西、南北移动及其与北美副高合并的主要原因。

In the light of sea regions where El Nino events occurred, ENSO events are separated into two categories- the equatorial Pacific warming and the mid-Pacific counterpart, which exert influence directly on a WPSH through a Walker circulation asymmetrical zonally, in such a way that there an El Nino year- a weak Walker circulation- a more intense and southward WPSH-late onset of South-China sea summer monsoon - a more southward and vigorous summer WPSH- the mid-lower valleys of the Yangtze river hit by flood.

上述两种类型的ENSO均可直接通过纬向非对称的Walker环流直接对西太平洋副高产生影响，表现为：El Nino年—Walker环流弱—西太平洋副高偏强、偏南—南海夏季风爆发晚-夏季西太平洋副高偏南、偏强—长江中下游涝。

Area. The rifted basin is mainly single break structure, its orientation is north to west, the north-west faults control the formation and evolution of rifted basin.

断陷主要为单断式结构，主要呈北西向展布，北西向断裂控制着断陷的形成和发育。

This period of the Ming Great Wall, about 363 kilometers east from the Gansu-Qinghai border village at the turn Ledu County aloe flower Wan beginning, through the ditch to the northwest extension of the ice, and mutual aid county Songhua top phase; from the southwest along the reach mutual Sakamoto Mountain Risk, and the western slope of the Great Wall in Datong County phase; across the West through the empress Mountain Chase Insurance and Huangzhong County-phase; Huangzhong County, Linkou from the incense start arc from north to south ridge of mountains extending to pull together constitute the arch of the Xining Defense system.

这段长约363千米的明长城东端从甘青接壤处的乐都县芦花乡转花湾村始，经冰沟向西北延伸，与互助县松花顶相接；从互助向西南沿达坂山山险与大通县西坡长城相接；横贯大通向西通过娘娘山山险与湟中县相接；湟中县从香林口开始，南北向弧形延伸至拉脊山，共同对西宁构成拱形防御体系。

The strike of Huanghai block and Huaihai block in the east mainly tends towards north-east, while the strike of Shanxi block and the eastern edge of Ordos block in the west mainly tends towards north-west.(3) According to the feature of Moho, the crust of the research zone can be divided into six parts in the Shanxi block, Moho looks like a nearly north-south sunk belt, and the crust is thick; at the southern edge of the Inner Mongolia block and in the south of Yanshan block, Moho presents the structural features of fold belt, tending nearly towards east-west; at the eastern edge of Ordos block, the structure of Moho is relatively complex with nearly northwest folds.

3根据莫霍面的形态特征，研究区地壳可大致划分为6个区块；在山西地块范围内，莫霍面呈近南北向的凹陷带，地壳厚度大；内蒙古地块南缘和燕山地块南部，莫霍面表现出褶皱带的构造特征，其延展趋势为近东西方向；鄂尔多斯地块东缘，莫霍面构造相对复杂，呈近北西向凸、凹相伴的褶皱；黄淮海地块为莫霍面隆坳区，隆、坳相间排列，构造较复杂，但从整体上看，这是全区莫霍面最浅的隆起区段；鲁西台背斜主要为莫霍面断陷区，其断陷带沿枣庄－曲阜一线向北西方向延伸。

According to the permeability test and self-mastery "L" type model test, the coefficients of permeability in horizontal and vertical direction at different degree of compactions were obtained. Based on the Darcy law, calculating formula for the model was deduced.

通过室内渗透试验、自制&L&型相关模型试验测得在不同压实度下水平向和垂直向的渗透系数，并根据达西定律等相关理论推倒出适用于该模型的计算公式，得到水平向和垂直向渗透系数随着压实度的增加逐渐减小，验证了该方法测定渗透系数的可行性。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。