向细胞的

OVCs were isolated by density ladder centrifugation in the 4th week, and then OVC's morphology was observed under transmission electromicroscrope and immunocytochemistry were performed to detect the expression of ICAM-1. Results Observing OVC's morphology under transmission electromicroscrope showed that OVC was infantile and undifferentiated with big nucleus, clear nucleolus, large nucleoplasm-ratio, small mitochondria, and little endoplast.

结果 透射电镜下观察到OVCs超微结构的改变为核大，核/浆比大，核仁小，胞浆内细胞器少，可见少量内质网和小线粒体，整个细胞呈幼稚、未分化状态；ICAM-1免疫细胞化学检测阳性；损伤肝组织HE染色和ICAM-1免疫组化检测显示，肝损伤初期，Hering管周围OVCs增生并且ICAM-1阳性表达，随着肝损伤的加重，OVCs继续增生，并且，OVCs沿增生的肝纤维向肝小叶迁移，同时，ICAM-1阳性表达也继续增多，并逐渐向肝小叶弥散分布；透射电镜下观察到，肝损伤初期，OVCs在Hering管周围增生，肝纤维随之增生，增生的OVCs与肝纤维黏附生长。

OVCs were isolated by density ladder centrifugation in the 4th week, and then OVC's morphology was observed under transmission electromicroscrope and immunocytochemistry were performed to detect the expression of ICAM-1. Results Observing OVC's morphology under transmission electromicroscrope showed that OVC was infantile and undifferentiated with big nucleus, clear nucleolus, large nucleoplasm-ratio, small mitochondria, and little endoplast. In initial stage of damaged liver, OVCs and the expression of ICAM-1 mostly distributed around Hering duct, and then gradually increased and expanded toward hepatic lobule, shown by staining paraffin sections with HE, immunochemistry and transmission electromicroscrope. Immunocytochemistry indicated that ICAM-1 expression on OVCs was positive.

结果 透射电镜下观察到OVCs超微结构的改变为核大，核/浆比大，核仁小，胞浆内细胞器少，可见少量内质网和小线粒体，整个细胞呈幼稚、未分化状态；ICAM-1免疫细胞化学检测阳性；损伤肝组织HE染色和ICAM-1免疫组化检测显示，肝损伤初期，Hering管周围OVCs增生并且ICAM-1阳性表达，随着肝损伤的加重，OVCs继续增生，并且，OVCs沿增生的肝纤维向肝小叶迁移，同时，ICAM-1阳性表达也继续增多，并逐渐向肝小叶弥散分布；透射电镜下观察到，肝损伤初期，OVCs在Hering管周围增生，肝纤维随之增生，增生的OVCs与肝纤维黏附生长。

So, endomycorrhiza was formed betweenD. candidum roots and strain AR-15. There were several nucleoli and nuclei in thecortical cells next to exodermis when a nucleus transfer across the cell wall wasobserved. Sometimes plant roots were damaged by strain AR-15. The microstructure of D.

真菌AR-18倾向于根生长，在根周围形成了一个包围圈，由根被细胞侵入外皮层通道细胞及其相邻的皮层细胞，然后向其他皮层细胞推进；真菌菌丝也可由皮层细胞侵入外皮层细胞。

Methods:(1) Bone marrow stromal cells isolated from Beagle dogs were cultured in vitro for the primary culture,in basic medium consisted ofDMEM^iew horning cattleerum,etc. Parts of subculture were cultured in mineralization medium which additionally contained 50 y g/ml ascorbic acid, 10mmol/LNa- beta -Glycerophosphate and 10-8mol/L dexamethasone in order to induce cells differentiating into osteoblasts.

①抽取毕格犬髂骨骨髓体外分离培养获得骨髓基质细胞，DMEM、新生牛血清培养基进行原代培养，部分传代细胞以含10~(-8)mol/L地塞米松、50μg/ml抗坏血酸和10mmol/Lβ—甘油磷酸钠的矿化培养液诱导其向成骨细胞增殖分化，用倒置相差显微镜进行细胞形态学和细胞生长增殖观察。

These experiment focus on the chondroblast induction in MSC, the culture technology in monolayer system and triaxial system,in order to explore the ideal condition of chondroblast induction of MSC,the molecul mechanism of maintenance chondroblast phnotype and the interaction between cells and porous materials.

通过骨髓基质干细胞的原代分离、培养及成软骨诱导，观察原代细胞扩增能力及其向成软骨方向分化的潜能；寻求骨髓基质干细胞向成软骨方向分化的理想诱导条件；u）观察经成软骨诱导的财C在PDLLA、PDLLA／壳聚糖多孔载体上三维的增殖状况，探求细胞与材料间的相互作用；门）观察经成软骨诱导的 MSC在体外三维培养系统中细胞因子的释放状况，了解维持诱导细胞软骨表型的合适条件及作用机制。

The chondroblast cultured with compound porous materials PDLLA and PDLLA/chitosan. The aim are: 1 To examine the proliferation ability and potential chondroblast differentiation; 2 To find an ideal condition stimulated BMSC differentiate into chondroblast; 3 To examine the chondroblast proliferation in porous scaffolds and to explore the interaction between cells and materials; 4 To examine the release of cytokine in vitro.

目的在于：（1）通过骨髓基质干细胞的原代分离、培养及成软骨诱导，观察原代细胞扩增能力及其向成软骨方向分化的潜能；（2）寻求骨髓基质干细胞向成软骨方向分化的理想诱导条件；（3）观察经成软骨诱导的MSC在PDLLA、PDLLA／壳聚糖多孔载体上三维的增殖状况，探求细胞与材料间的相互作用；（4）观察经成软骨诱导的MSC在体外三维培养系统中细胞因子的释放状况，了解维持诱导细胞软骨表型的合适条件及作用机制。

Results In define induction envioroment, HPMSCS can diferentiate into lipoblast、after 2 weeks, the induced cells are full of lipid droplet;HPMSCS can differentiate into osteoblasts, after 4 weeks, we can see calcified tubercle in the cells, calcium in the calcified tubercle can be dyed black by Von Kossa and ALP dying is positive reaction above 95%.

结果 HPMSCS在培养基中持续培养后，在特定诱导环境下，成功使其向成脂肪细胞转化，培养2周时，可见融合成团的脂滴充满整个细胞；成功使其向成骨细胞转化，培养4周以上可见明显钙化结节，von Kossa染色可将骨结节中沉积的钙染成黑色，碱性磷酸酶染色呈强阳性反应达到95%以上。

BACKGROUND: Under different induction conditions, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into the mesodermal tissues such as osteoblasts, chondroblasts, muscle cells, adipocytes and so on.

背景：骨髓间充质干细胞在不同诱导条件下具有向中胚层组织细胞如成骨细胞、成软骨细胞、肌细胞、脂肪细胞等分化的能力。

These results revealed that the pollen chamber developmental pattern passed through four phases. Firstly, a group of nucellar cells at the micropylar end elongated longitudinally. Thereafter, the uppermost nucellar cells at the micropylar end initiated PCD; and these elongated cells undergoed PCD in a basally and laterally oriented direction to form a cavity.

贮粉室的形态发生可分为4个阶段：最先是位于珠孔端的几层珠心细胞纵向地伸长；接着，珠孔端最顶部的珠心细胞发生PCD；然后，那些已经纵向伸长的珠心细胞向基地和侧向地依次发生死亡，产生贮粉室空腔；最后，珠孔端的珠心表皮细胞发生开裂，形成贮粉室的开口。

The morphology and structure of reconstructed tissue was detected by microscope and scanning electron microscope.Results:(1) Compared with the control group, the cellular proportion of laminin group increased in 62 ~M phase, and decreased in Go~Gi phase significantly. As shown by the microscope, the cells of control group were in low density. The cells in mass connected tightly. The microfilament appeared reticular formation. The nucleus were the same in size. The cells of laminin group were in high density and put out so many lamellipodia, filopodia, which connected with the surrounding cells. The microfilament increased, elongated, and changed from reticulodromous to sarciniform, which reached to the pseudopods. The nucleus were different in size .(2) As shown by the inverted microscope and the cell growth curve, comparing with the controlgroup, cells of each test group increased evidently. The cellular proportion of each test group increased in S phase and G2 ~M phase, and decreased in Go~Gi phase significantly, but there was no considerable interations between LN and EGF;(3) As shown by the morphological observations, the cultured cat corneal endothelial cells formed an integrated membrane, and attached to the Descemets membrane closely, which was similar to the natural tissue. The cells connected tightly to each other, and some of them arranged in hexagon approximately.

结果：(1)层粘连蛋白组处于G_2～M期细胞比例较对照组显著提高，Go～G_1期细胞比例显著下降，提示层粘连蛋白促进内皮细胞DNA合成，及细胞分裂增殖；光镜下，对照组细胞分布成团状，细胞密度较低，细胞间连接紧密，细胞内微丝结成网状，细胞核大小一致；与对照组相比，层粘连蛋白组细胞生长旺盛，细胞密度高，向周边伸出大量板状及丝状伪足，细胞内微丝增多、拉长、集结成束，伸入伪足中，细胞核形状大小不一致；(2)倒置显微镜观察及细胞生长曲线显示，各组细胞数目随时间增加而明显增多，各实验组较对照组增生显著，EGF和LN联合应用组各时间点细胞数目最高；实验组处于S期和G_2～M期细胞数目增加，Go～G_1期细胞数目减少；提示EGF、LN单独及联合应用均可促进细胞增殖，但尚不能认为二者有交互作用；(3)倒置显微镜下，组织培养的猫角膜内皮细胞排列成密集的单层，细胞间连接紧密；组织学观察发现，培养的猫角膜内皮细胞形成完整的内皮层，贴附于脱水基质的后弹力膜上，与正常的角膜内皮组织结构相似；扫描电镜下，组织培养的猫角膜内皮细胞间紧密镶嵌排列，可见某些细胞呈近似六边形排列，细胞大小不甚一致，胞核清晰。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。