向头后

With the patient prone and the elbow flexed 90 degrees over a support and the forearm dependent, begin a curved skin incision over the center of the posterior surface of the arm at the proximal limit of the triceps tendon, extend it distally to the posterior aspect of the lateral epicondyle, and then farther distally and medially to the posterior border of the ulna, 4 cm distal to the tip of the olecranon Fig.

手术方法：病人俯卧，屈肘90°，置于支架上，前臂下垂。在上臂后侧中央作弧形切口，起自肱三头肌腱上极，向远端延至肱骨外上髁的后侧，向内向下转至尺骨后缘的内侧，止于鹰嘴远端4cm处(图1－105A)。

Results: The PINOF crossed the anterior midline of the radial head and then descended laterally. The site of it entering the supinator was about (13.8±4.2)mm below the superior edge of radius with the distance of (3.2±1.1)mm from the anterior midline of radius. After entering supinator tunnel under the Frohse, s arcade, the PINOF passed between superficial and profound part of supinator. It passed the lateral midline of radius below the superior edge of radius about (42.6±6.5)mm, the posterior plane below the superior edge of radius about (63.4±7.6)mm.

结果：骨间后神经越过桡骨头上缘前方中线稍偏外斜向外下方走行，距桡骨头上缘(13.8±4.2)mm、桡骨前方中线外侧(32±1.1)mm处经旋后肌腱弓深方入旋后肌管，走行于旋后肌深浅两层之间，在桡骨头上缘下方(42.6±6.5)mm越过桡骨外侧中线，在桡骨头上缘下方(63.4±7.6)mm越过桡骨后平面。

Results The wire direction was 14~37° lateral and 18~39° cephalad for C(subscript 3~7) lateral mass when the K-wires drilled starting at the point 1 mm medial to the center of the lateral mass and exited at the juncture between the transverse process and the facet. The tips of K-wires did not injure the nerve roots and vertebral arteries. The depth of these wires in the lateral mass ranged from 9.4 to 14.8 mm.

结果 以C(下标 3~7)侧块背面中心内侧1mm处为入针点，克氏针向头侧成角18~39°、向外侧成角为14~37°，针尖可自横突与侧块相交处后方穿出，该处与神经根和椎动脉均隔以横突后结节。C(下标 3~7)侧块内进针深度为9.4~14.8mm。

The screw entry point was located at the tip of transverse process. The average inclination angle should be 10°-20° headward and 30°-40° toward neutral line respectively. The screw was inserted and entered into the vertebral body along the external cortex of pedicle. The integrity of cortical bone around screws, the distance to segmental blood vessels and the penetration of cortex were observed after operation to evaluate the accuracy and safety of screw placement. Among 160 thoracic pedicle screws that were implanted in 34 cases, 148 screws (92.5%) were accurately inserted inside the costotransverse unit, and 12 screws (7.5%) were misplaced according to the image of X-ray and CT thin-slice scan.

应用椎弓根外内固定技术2004/2007年在中山大学附属第三医院骨科治疗34例患者，固定前采用CT加密扫描测量进钉点、进钉点至椎体前缘的深度、进钉角度和直径，固定中椎弓根钉入点为横突尖，进钉方向为平均向头侧倾斜10°~ 20°、与中线成角30°~40°，顺椎弓根外侧皮质进入椎体，固定后CT加密扫描观察螺钉周围的皮质骨是否完整、是否靠近节段血管、是否穿透皮质骨，评价置入钉的准确性和安全性。34例患者共置入160枚胸椎椎弓根螺钉，固定后CT加密扫描和X射线片观察到148枚(92.5%)螺钉置入准确，12枚(7.5%)螺钉发生错置。

From 2004 to 2007, 34 cases were treated with extrapedicular screw fixation in Department of Orthopaedics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. The screw entry point, angle, depth and diameter were measured and defined on the thoracic vertebrae pedicle by CT thin-slice scan in standard prone for all cases before operation. The screw entry point was located at the tip of transverse process. The average inclination angle should be 10°-20° headward and 30°-40° toward neutral line respectively. The screw was inserted and entered into the vertebral body along the external cortex of pedicle. The integrity of cortical bone around screws, the distance to segmental blood vessels and the penetration of cortex were observed after operation to evaluate the accuracy and safety of screw placement.

应用椎弓根外内固定技术2004/2007年在中山大学附属第三医院骨科治疗34例患者，固定前采用CT加密扫描测量进钉点、进钉点至椎体前缘的深度、进钉角度和直径，固定中椎弓根钉入点为横突尖，进钉方向为平均向头侧倾斜10°~20°、与中线成角30°~40°，顺椎弓根外侧皮质进入椎体，固定后CT加密扫描观察螺钉周围的皮质骨是否完整、是否靠近节段血管、是否穿透皮质骨，评价置入钉的准确性和安全性。34例患者共置入160枚胸椎椎弓根螺钉，固定后CT加密扫描和X射线片观察到148枚(92.5%)螺钉置入准确，12枚(7.5%)螺钉发生错置。

This article studied differences in postpartum fatigue and birth outcomes between women who pushed immediately and those who delayed pushing during the second stage of labor. Data were collected from primiparous women in their 38th to 42nd gestational week who did not receive epidural analgesia during labor and were free of complications during pregnancy. Using a quasi-experimental design, 72 participants selected by convenient sampling were assigned based on individual participant's preference to either an experimental or control group. For the experimental group, pushing was delayed until the point after full cervical dilation at which the mother felt a strong physical pushing reflex, the fetal head had both descended to at least the +1 level in the pelvis and turned to the occiput anterior position, and uterine contractions were at least 30 mmHg. For the control group, the physician instructed mothers to begin pushing after full cervical dilation at the point when the fetal head was in the occiput anterior position and uterine contractions were at least 30 mmHg.

本研究目的在探讨初产妇女第二产程立即用力与延迟用力对产后疲惫及生产结果的影响，收案对象为怀孕38-42周初产妇女、待产期间未施打硬脊膜外麻醉，且怀孕期间无任何合并症，於待产期间向其解释研究目的及收案方法后予以收案，采类实验设计法，以方便取样并依个案之意愿分派於实验组及控制组，实验组於子宫颈完全扩张后等到强烈想用力的感觉、胎头位到达坐骨棘连线下1公分以下、胎头位置转到枕前位、子宫收缩规律强度至少30mmHg才教导向下用力；控制组於子宫颈完全扩张后即教导向下用力，共收案72位。

In posthydration magnetic resonance images, the CSF regurgitant fraction was significantly increased after hydration, but the strokevolume, absolute stroke volume, mean flux, stroke distance,and mean velocity in the cranial direction were significantlydecreased.

在核磁共振影像中，扩容后 CSF 的回流明显增加，但是每搏输出量，绝对每搏输出量，平均流量，搏距和向头端方向的平均速率均下降。

Hotel brokers dragged staggering pace, with a look of exhaustion luggage into the station, one that is open to police to borrow money that is太岁头上动土encountered fraud syndicate, police did not believe the beginning, after the investigation turned out that name of the hotel brokers before working in Hong Kong to Taichung, after work has been unable to find a new job, spend money and helpless body, and want to go home but no money to ride, forced only to adults for help we the Boli Shi, raising more than 500 police vehicles block the money to the hotel brokers , good people to do in the end, and also patrol car with the hotel brokers to the station to ride bow deeply to the police adult Thank you kindly, hotel broker promised to find a job after returning Kaohsiung made money, some Taichung peace will return to the police station to thank the police who help him.

酒店经纪拖著蹒跚的步伐，带著行李一脸疲惫走进派出所，一开口就是要向员警借钱以为是太岁头上动土，遇到了诈骗集团，员警一开始还不相信，事后调查原来这名酒店经纪日前到台中港打工，工作结束后一直找不到新的工作，无奈身上的钱又花光了，想回家却没钱坐车，不得已只好向咱们的波丽士大人求助了，员警集资五百多块的车钱给酒店经纪，好人做到底，同时还用巡逻车载酒店经纪到车站搭车深深一鞠躬谢谢好心的警察大人，酒店经纪允诺回高雄后找到工作赚了钱，一定会回台中安宁派出所来谢谢帮助他的员警们。

Hotel brokers dragged staggering pace, with a look of exhaustion luggage into the station, one that is open to police to borrow money that is太岁头上动土encountered fraud syndicate, police did not believe the beginning, after the investigation turned out that name of the hotel brokers before working in Hong Kong to Taichung, after work has been unable to find a new job, spend money and helpless body, and want to go home but no money to ride, forced only to adults for help we the Boli Shi, raising more than 500 police vehicles block the money to the hotel brokers , good people to do in the end, and also patrol car with the hotel brokers to the station to ride bow deeply to the police adult Thank you kindly, hotel broker promised to find a job after returning Kaohsiung made money, some Taichung peace will return to the police station to thank members of the police who help him.

酒店经纪拖著蹒跚的步伐，带著行李一脸疲惫走进派出所，一开口就是要向员警借钱以为是太岁头上动土，遇到了诈骗集团，员警一开始还不相信，事后调查原来这名酒店经纪日前到台中港打工，工作结束后一直找不到新的工作，无奈身上的钱又花光了，想回家却没钱坐车，不得已只好向咱们的波丽士大人求助了，员警集资五百多块的车钱给酒店经纪，好人做到底，同时还用巡逻车载酒店经纪到车站搭车深深一鞠躬谢谢好心的警察大人，酒店经纪允诺回高雄后找到工作赚了钱，一定会回台中安宁派出所来谢谢帮助他的员警们。

Its body as large as chicken feathers 22, was distributed like, such as cauda equina, pink lips, red toe and body feathers are mainly dark brown, red-eye and crown, accompanied by the ears like the side of the Silver Horn ears of white feathers, after the first extension, shape CMV,.

其体大如鸡，尾羽22根，呈散发状，如马尾，嘴粉色，足趾朱红，体羽大部分为黑褐色，红眼黑冠，两耳侧还伴有似角状的银白色耳羽，向头后伸延，形态奇丽，。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。