向地的

Dancing back in heart-thumping surprise, he quickly saw that rather than a mere hole it was a hatchway that gaped in the floor before him, its door flung open and back.

由于惊奇，心急剧地跳着，他忙向后跳开了一步，很快地发现，那并不仅仅是一个洞，而是他前面的地板上，有一个通道口打开了，它的门被掀开了，向后面大敞着。

After middle period of Qing Dynasty, the proprietorship of soil was changed from patrician to fresh landholder, and management method was changed from slavery to tenancy.

清朝中叶以后出现旗地向民地转化的趋势，经营方式则由传统的农奴制向租佃制转变。

Results show that vertical ground vibrations are generally greater than the lateral vibrations in the area vicinity to the central line of the railway, and decrease rapidlywith an increase in the distance to the central line.

结果表明：列车通过时，地面的竖向振动普遍比横向振动大；在靠近线路中心的区域，竖向振动随到线路距离的增加很快衰减；地面的横向振动有时比竖向的大，计算时不应忽略；地面振动强度和传播范围随地基弹性模量和埋深增加而减小。

Leon quickly got on the dark green van which Chi Chuen was on board; and the van immediately drove away. However, Ah Bee was still waiting for the arrival of Joe Chan, and both of them were carrying big luggage. Soon, Leon's van returned and Ah Bee put on the luggage in the van. Fans silently stood beside the van and they can see Leon's complexion from outside. Suddenly, Leon waved to the fans and fans immediately replied. Leon then did a "sleeping" gesture (put two hands on the side of this cheek), telling them that he has to sleep.

Leon很快就上了子泉和司机驶来的墨绿色保母车，保母车立刻驶走了，不过阿B则折返禁区口会合一同回港的陈善之，取回大件行李，再推上机场大楼外，不久Leon又坐著母车回来，阿B将行李放上车尾厢之际，歌迷们都默默地站在车前，透过玻璃窗清楚地凝望Leon，这时Leon忽然向歌迷们挥手，歌迷当然立刻回应，Leon就向大家做手势，将双手合什放在脸侧，显示自己要睡觉。

Promote growth/understanding 211.in/out of proportion to 212.propose doing sth.

with a fine 241.make several purchases 242.on purpose 243.for…purpose 244.for purpose of 245.answer/ serve the purpose 246.pursue pleasure 247.push…aside 第 38 页共 50 页在进行中，在进展中禁止某人做某事许下/违背/遵守诺言履行诺言守约许诺某人某物答应做某事促进增长/了解和…相称，和…成比例建议…(比 suggest 正式)向某人求婚想要做某事勘探金矿探寻某人的新财富保护……免受环境保护向…提出抗议毫无怨言地为…而感到骄傲证明是，结果是证明某人，某事是证明某事证明…为某人提供某物为某人提供某物免费供给，为应付需要而提供如果心理测试青春期心理当众，公开地对公众进站/离站渡过难关推翻，摧毁穿上/脱掉靠边行驶因某事而惩罚某人处以罚金购买了几样东西故意地出于…的目的为了…起见达成目的寻欢作乐把…推到一旁高考词组汇编

Now if you lack any of these tempers, if the whole bent of your heart and mind is not set upon them, all pretences to an immediate inspiration and continual operation of the Spirit of God in your soul are vague and groundless. Keep within the bounds here set you; call nothing a proof of the Spirit or work of God in your soul, but these tempers, and the works which they produce, and then, and not till then, you may safely say with St.

若你现在缺少这些特质、这些性情，心思意念也没有放在这些事情上，心中对圣灵引导这件事，觉得模糊没把握，那麼切切地向上帝求，向祂要这些圣灵的明证，直到上帝的这些性情本质内化成形在你心中，你才能安心地如使徒约翰所说：「并且有圣灵作见证，因为圣灵就是真理。

But he held her close and tried to cover her poor naked legs with his legs, to keep them warm. He lay on her with a close, undoubting warmth. 'Are yer cold?' he asked, in a soft, small voice, as if she were close, so close. Whereas she was left out, distant.

但是突然地，他大踏步地来到了空旷处，他穿着车夫似的油布的短外衣，湿得发亮，他向小屋迅疾地望了一眼，微微地行了个礼然后转身走到鸡笼边去，他静静地蹲了下去，小心地注视着一切，然后小心地把笼门关好了。

With the support of a major research grant of Zhejiang Province (No. 001101027) and the Plan of Promoting Education of Excellence of Zhejiang University in the 21st Century, this dissertation is devoted to address the above problems and fabricate an L-band EDFA with low cost, high performance and technological innovation.First the mechanism of an erbium doped fiber amplifier is introduced. Various theoretical models based on classical rate propagation equations are summarized and compared for their applications. We use a modified numerical model based on the Giles model, which agrees with the experimental results well. This serves as the theoretical base for the whole thesis and will be used to optimize the characteristics of EDFAs. A novel method based on a map of noise figure and gain is proposed to analyze efficiently the dependence of the noise figure and gain for EDFAs on the EDF length and the pump power. The characteristics of various EDFAs are studied and compared.Secondly, some important parameters are introduced to describe the characteristics of EDFAs. The methods and the experimental setups for measuring the gain and noise figure of an EDFA are emphasized. We introduce how to measure the characteristics of each component of an EDFA, especially the gain and absorption coefficient of an erbium doped fiber.Thirdly, four types of simple and novel L-band EDFA structures with low noise, high gain and low gain ripple are proposed to satisfy the requirement of a DWDM system. They can be classified into two categories. In the first category, a single ASE pumping is served asa secondary pump. This category includes the following three types. Type: a new construction using a fiber Bragg grating in an unpumped EDF section at the input side. Type: a new structure of L-Band EDFA with two-stage pumps, which utilizes the forward ASE as a second pump.

本论文本着科技创新、服务于生产实践的精神，以设计价格低廉，性能优越、结构合理简单的L-band EDFA为目标，依托浙江省科技厅重大科学基金资助项目(001101027)和浙江大学振兴教育计划资助的全光网络的搭建—《光通信技术》课程实验建设项目，展开了如下工作：首先，介绍了掺铒光纤放大器的工作原理，归纳总结了基于速率方程基础的EDFA的各种理论模型，分析比较了各个模型的特点和适用场合，最终选择完善的Giles理论模型作为本论文分析设计EDFA的理论基础；针对实际实验条件提出了修正的EDFA模型的数值计算方法；创新地提出了增益—噪声系数全局分析法，直观有效地分析了EDFA的增益和噪声系数与掺铒光纤长度和泵浦功率的依赖关系，并对各种EDFA的性能作了全面的比较；第二，介绍了掺铒光纤放大器特性参数的定义与测量方法，重点介绍了噪声系数和增益系数的测量方法及实验装置；介绍了组成掺铒光纤放大器各组件的特性测量方法，重点介绍了测量掺铒光纤参数的方法和实验装置；第三，针对WDM系统对L-band EDFA谱平坦、低噪声、高增益的要求，我们创新地提出了四种不同的L-band EDFA结构，按设计思路可以分为两大类：一类是基于单抽运二级泵浦法，这一类包括在未泵浦掺铒光纤的输入端插入一根布拉格光纤光栅的两段L-band的EDFA的新结构；基于前向ASE光作为二级泵浦源推动下一级EDF工作的泵浦分配、两段级联L-band的EDFA的新结构；基于单根光纤光栅、泵浦分配、两段级联的EDFA；另一类则是基于同时应用前后向C-band ASE作二级泵浦源的双抽运法，如基于前后向ASE光作为二级泵浦源的三段级联L-band的EDFA的新结构。

The land of Judah will become a terror to Egypt; everyone to whom it is mentioned will be in dread of it, because of the purpose of the Lord of hosts which He is purposing against them.

赛19：17 犹大地必使埃及惊恐。向谁提起犹大地、谁就惧怕。这是因万军之耶和华向埃及所定的旨意。

There are three evolution paths for the kaolinitic rocks in the diagenesis:one is that kaolinite is transformed to the mixed minerial of kaolinite/dickite and dickite in the acid environment; the second is to be trnasformed to the ammonium illite,chlorite and pyrophyllite in alkaline environment;The third is to be transformed to well ordered kaolinite in the superfacial environment. The highly orderization of kaolinite may be related to the hot solution underground.

提出煤系高岭岩三种成岩演化轨迹；一种是在酸性环境下朝高岭石/地开石间层矿物和地开石方面演化；另一种是在碱性环境中朝氨伊利石、绿泥石和叶腊石方向演化；第三种是在表生环境种朝高度有序高岭石方向演化，高岭石的高度有序化可能与热水溶液作用有关。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。