向内流的

The results show that, when the computational error and its accumulation are eliminated effectively, the laminar flow in OFR with perfect-symmetric boundaries behaves in a pattern of central symmetry and circumferential uniformity while the turbulent flow field presents a centrally symmetric and circumferentially non-uniform structure with 8 transverse vortices arrayed circumferentially in a way of central symmetry, similar to Taylor vortices in Couette flow.

模拟结果表明在有效消除计算随机误差以及误差积累的情况下，几何边界理想对称OFR内的三维层流流场呈现出良好的中心对称性和周向均匀性，而湍流流场中心对称的同时呈现出周向非均匀结构－在圆周上生成8个中心对称排列的横向漩涡，其形态与Couette流中的泰勒涡类似。

In the aspect of shrimp migration test, the finding reports that shrimp would use the porosity filtering to crawl towards upstream when the flow rate is at 0.001cms, and do so on the bottom of the fishway when the flow is even less.

试验结果显示，在水理试验方面，改良后鱼骨型鱼道水位皆比原鱼骨型鱼道高，流量则比原鱼骨型鱼道低，显示多孔隙滤材能有效改善流况；排砂试验方面，泥砂约於时间第30分钟即达到输砂平衡，排砂率在97％以上，残留於鱼道之泥砂为3％以下，证明增设多孔隙滤材并不影响其排砂率；鱼类上溯试验方面，粗首鱲於试验时间内，上溯率达73％以上，皆比原鱼骨型鱼道为高，显示改良后鱼骨型鱼道更适於鱼类上溯；而溪虾上溯试验方面，发现溪虾於流量0.001时，藉由多孔隙滤材向鱼道上游攀爬，再由量更小的情况下，溪虾便由鱼道渠底向上游攀爬。

Physical model of three-dimensional half axis rotor of 110 MW air inner-cooled turbo-generator was established, which included the rotor end, axial ventilation ducts and sub slot ventilation ducts. The rotating turbulence flow field was simulated numerically based on the finite volume method. The air velocity and flow rate distribution characteristics of the rotor end, axial ventilation ducts and sub slot ventilation ducts were analyzed.

建立110 MW空内冷汽轮发电机转子冷却通风道一个槽(包括端部、轴径向及副槽)的半轴向段三维物理模型，并基于有限体积法对该物理模型进行旋转湍流流场数值模拟，分析了端部、轴向段和副槽通风段的空气速度、流量分布特点。

In this thesis, the studies as follows:(1) The axis and radial flow field distribution of CFB were analyzed by the particle flow visualization software, and the criterion of turbulence to circulation fluidization situation was reported.

本文以管式布风条件下流化床内流动特征为研究对象，主要研究内容如下：(1)通过开发的颗粒流场可视化软件，对循环流化床内轴径向的流场进行了分析。在循环流化床试验台上分段测量了全场颗粒矢量速度，得到了循环床上升段内的整个流场分布。

There are three features in the minibasins induced by gravitational sliding on the slope: the firstly, feature is surface of unconformity developed by onlap on minibasin margins or surface of unconformity truncated by mass transport-complex are sequence boundary in the study area; the secondly , accommodation of gravity flow is controlled by up lift rate and sedimentation rate , and styles of filling in the minibasins are dominated by the interrelationship between the two factors; and the third , there are two stacking patterns that consists of upward of turbidite fan-hemipelagic drape mud or mass-transport complexes-turbidite fan-hemipelagic drape mud.

认为在深水陆坡重力滑动作用所形成的微盆地内，层序边界表现为微盆地边缘上超不整合面或重力流对下伏地层的侵蚀不整合；逆冲构造隆升速率与沉积速率共同控制了重力流可容空间和沉积充填样式；沉积垂向演化以块状搬运复合体一浊积扇－深海披覆泥或浊积扇－深海披覆泥为特征。

Performance prediction of the pump when transporting water and salt solution is also studied.Results are compared and analyzed with experimental data.6.The salt-out flow field is measured on three dimensions by Particle Image Velocimemter via radial and axial two test models.After image processing, velocity distribution of crystal particles in the pump is obtained.Particle flow field is visualized to reveal the particle motion law intuitionally.

此外对泵送清水和盐溶液时的性能也进行了预测，并将结果与外特性试验数据对比。6、运用PIV在径向和轴向两种测量模式下对泵内不同外部条件下盐析两相流场进行了准三维测量，经图像后处理，获得了盐析晶体颗粒在叶轮内、无叶腔中及轴面上的速度矢量分布，实现了颗粒流场的可视化，更为直观地揭示了泵内盐析颗粒的运动规律。

The calculation results shows that ,(1) when the rotor rotates at the working speed, a local regurgitant whirlpool that is rightabout to the rotor"s rotating direction appears in the classifying region, which makes the separated granules come back to the outside of the classification district and influences the classification efficiency of the turbine classifier;(2) in the condition of a low rotating speed of turbo rotor, ultrafine particles can follow the gas phase by and large, but when the rotating speed increases, a phenomenon of velocity slippage between two phases appears evidently;(3) A operating parameter, air flow rate is so important that can directly influence the stability of flow field in classifying chamber, the bigger the air flowrate is , the steadier the flow field is;(4) Compared with straight blades, the new shape of blades with backward crooked elbow are helpful to improve the stability of flow field and form whole stream easily, also beneficial to advance the classification accuracy and classification efficiency;(5) The motion trace of particles are very complicated when the turbo rotor rotates at a high speed, the constant bounce of the particles appear between the blades and the coarse particles are even bounce back from the inlet, only the finer can pass through the classification area from the oulet;(6) Along with the increase of the rotor"s rotating speed, radiah axial and tangential velocity all begain to fluctuate repetitively like sine-wave, the smaller the particles are, the more violently they fluctuates.

数值模拟结果表明，(1)在涡轮达到工作转速时，在分级区域形成了一个与涡轮旋转方向相反的局部回流涡，它使得分离出来的细粒重又被带回分级轮外边缘，从而严重影响分级机的分级效率；(2)粉尘粒子在涡轮低速运动情况下，基本上能跟随气体运动，但随着转速加大，两相之间出现了明显的速度滑移现象；(3)分级机工作时的风量也是一个比较重要的操作参数，它可以直接影响到分级机内腔流场的稳定性，风量越大，流场越稳定；(4)同直叶片形状相比较，带后弯导板的叶片，有利于改善流场的稳定性，流场容易形成整体流，对提高分级效率和分级精度都非常有利；(5)粒子轨迹线在涡轮转速较高时十分复杂，有的出现了反复的弹跳现象，大颗粒不能通过分级区域而从进口返流了，只有细小的颗粒才从出口处流出；(6)涡轮转速加大时，粒子的径向、轴向和切向速率出现了明显的类似于正弦波的脉动现象，颗粒越小，脉动程度越为剧烈。

Hydraulic pressure part consists of cylinder body around having some axial direction cylinders, pole piston, matching stream canister and timing equipment. Pyramidal difference decelerate part is composed of twin inner bevel wheel with difference of 2-toothes, twin outer bevel wheel without tooth difference and skew shaft etc.

液压驱动部分由周围均布有若干轴向缸的缸体、柱塞、配流筒及调速装置等组成，减速部分由二齿差内锥齿轮副和零齿差外锥齿轮周向限制副及歪轴等组成。

The major advantage of PFC2D is the evolution regularity of microscopic fabric parameters including co-ordination number, contact normal, normal contact force, shear contact force, can be achieved together with the macroscopic liquefaction response. The micromechanism of sand liquefaction is further discussed.

颗粒流数值模拟的优点在于得到试样液化宏观力学表现的同时，通过不同循环加荷时刻试样内细观组构参量（包括配位数、接触法向分布、粒间法向接触力、粒间切向接触力）的演化规律，分析砂土液化过程中细观组构变化与宏观力学响应之间的内在联系，从而可进一步探讨砂土液化的细观力学机制。

Firstly in the paper the research of hydraulic characters and the optimize of structure have being carried out on the four bigger design schemes of permanent internal dissipation discharge tunnel reconstructed from the right banks diversion tunnel of Gongboxia Power Station with a method of theoretical analysis combined with test comparisons. On this basis , two form swirling flow internal dissipation schemes, vertical and horizontal axis are recommended to the construction unit of the station as the schemes to be selected next.

本文采取理论分析与试验比较相结合的方法，首先对黄河公伯峡水电站右岸导流洞改建为永久式内消能泄洪洞的四个较大设计方案进行了水力特性的试验研究与体型优化，在此基础上，向建设单位分别提供了竖井旋流内消能的推荐方案与水平旋流内消能的推荐方案。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。