向

In chapter two, under non-Lipschitz condition, the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the second kind of BSDE is researched, based on it, the stability of the solution is proved; In chapter three, under non-Lipschitz condition, the comparison theorem of the solution of the second kind of BSDE is proved and using the monotone iterative technique , the existence of minimal and maximal solution is constructively proved; in chapter four, on the base of above results, we get some results of the second kind of BSDE which partly decouple with SDE, which include that the solution of the BSDE is continuous in the initial value of SDE and the application to optimal control and dynamic programming. At the end of this section, the character of the corresponding utility function has been discussed, e.g monotonicity, concavity and risk aversion; in chapter 5, for the first land of BSDE ,using the monotone iterative technique , the existence of minimal and maximal solution is proved and other characters and applications to utility function are studied.

首先，第二章在非Lipschitz条件下，研究了第二类方程的解的存在唯一性问题，在此基础上，又证明了解的稳定性；第三章在非Lipschitz条件下，证明了第二类BSDE解的比较定理，并在此基础上，利用单调迭代的方法，构造性证明了最大、最小解的存在性；第四章在以上的一些理论基础之上，得到了相应的与第二类倒向随机微分方程耦合的正倒向随机微分方程系统的一些结果，主要包括倒向随机微分方程的解关于正向随机微分方程的初值是具有连续性的，得到了最优控制和动态规划的一些结果，在这一章的最后还讨论了相应的效用函数的性质，如，效用函数的单调性、凹性以及风险规避性等；第五章，针对第一类倒向随机微分方程，运用单调迭代方法，证明了最大和最小解的存在性，并研究了解的其它性质及在效用函数上的应用。

It is overall a monoclinal structure dipping to south, on which three group faulted structures with the directions of E-W, NEE, and NE-SW are developed, and they are tensional faults. The Orinoco heavy oil belt has been divided into two tectonic zones by one regional fault with the trend of NE in the plane, and the characteristics are different in the two tectonic zones.

奥里诺科重油带是目前世界上唯一一个还基本未开发的大规模重油富集带，它位于东委内瑞拉盆地边缘隆起带，总体是一北倾单斜，其上主要发育E-W向、NEE向和NE-SW向三组断裂，且以张性断裂为主，其中有一条北东向区域性大断裂将奥里诺科重油带在平面上划分为两大构造区，其各自的构造特征不同。

On the basis of plan form and crosscutting relationship of the faults, two kinds of tectonic systems were developed in Wu-Xia area, one was strike north-east, and another was strike east-west, the first was developed early and control the structural framework of Wu-Xia area, after that three times longitudinal compress action was happed. According to the intensity of tectonic deformation, The Wu-xia faulted zone from north to south can be divided into the thrust faulted belt, the fault fold belt and the monocline belt. from east to west have three regulatory faults, Wuerhe fault fold belt, Wuxia thrust faulted belt and Xiahong fault fold belt. Base on that 9 secondary structural unit can be divided.Structural accommodation zone and the distribution of reservoir strata have intimate business connection. Usually, Structural accommodation zone was the source zone of arenaceous sediment. The Wu-xia faulted zone have 3 kinds of structural accommodation, concordant approach, concordant overlap and concordant colinearity.

首先研究本区的构造特征，根据断裂的平面形态及相互切割关系，乌夏地区发育两种构造体系：北东向构造体系和近东西向构造体系，前者形成早，控制了该区的构造格局，晚期有3次近南北向挤压作用叠加；乌夏地区南北根据构造变形的强度不同分为冲断带、断褶带、单斜带，东西由于横向调节断层的存在分为乌尔禾断褶区、乌-夏冲断区和夏-红断褶区，进一步划分为九个次级单元；构造调节带与储集层的分布关系密切，通常是大量富砂质沉积的源区，乌夏地区发育三种类型的构造调节带：同向接近型、同向叠覆型和同向共线型。

The tailward flow is most strong near the equator, and stronger in the duskside and dawnside than that in the nightside.

尾向流在赤道面附近最强，在夜侧较晨昏两侧强；尾向流有从晨昏两侧向夜侧运动的趋势；尾向流随距地球距离增加而逐渐增强。

The system is forecasted to move north northwestward at 10-15km/h and gradually approach the coast of the southeast of Hainan Province and make a landfall sometime between the afternoon of Apr 18 and the daytime of Apr 19 at somewhere between Sanya City and Wenchang City, Hainan Province.

预计，台风中心将以每小时10-15公里的速度继续向西北偏北方向移动，逐渐向海南省东南部沿海靠近，将于18日下午到19日白天在海南三亚到文昌一带沿海登陆，也有可能擦过海南东部沿海继续向北移动，强度变化不大。

While the experimental side force distribution over a slender body with a blunt ogive nose is basically consistent with the curve of the analogy predicted, and the characteristic points and half cycle of the experimental curve are basically constant with the roll angle changing 360°. But the local maximums in the curve are not the results as the analogy predicted, which is an important flow feature of 3-D slender body than that of 2-D cylinder.

而钝头拱形细长体在大迎角下的截面侧向力分布与脉冲起动横流比拟方法预测的侧向力曲线的形状是基本相同的，而且随着滚转角旋转360°，截面侧向力分布曲线的特征点和半周期基本保持不变，即它们都基本上不受滚转角变化的影响；但是截面侧向力分布曲线极值点形成的原因却是不同的，这是细长体绕流区别于二维圆柱绕流的一个重要特性。

And by applying the linear dispersion relation of wave, all the properties of wave refraction including wave rays, constant phase lines, phase function and crest lines etc., can be expressed in explicit functions. By introducing an orthogonal curvilinear coordinate along the wave ray and the constant phase line, and with an estimated scale factor, the refraction coefficients along any wave ray can then be determined. The present results are verified by ordinary wave ray theory and some previous numerical results.

就此特例情况在波浪的线性分散关係的应用下，前进波浪折射现象的整体特性，包括波向线、等位相线、位相函数与波峰线皆被导述出明確显然的函数表示；同时引入由沿著波向线与等位相线所构成的完全符合波浪折射几何通性的正交曲线座標，求出其尺度因子后，由能通量守衡原则定出沿著任一条波向线上的折射係数；並由之对往昔纯依两相邻的波向线间的几何类比所给定的折射係数给予导証之。

The recent advances in the studies of phototropism are reviewed in this paper:more and more evidences support Bruinsma-Hasagawa hypothesis that tissues within the plant are affected by the Pfr gradient and express growth redistribution; Fluence-response studies of phototropism indicate that fPIPP and TDP are general types of multiple response types of phototropism; several photoreceptors involving phototropism have been characterized; four genetic loci affecting phototropism have been identified by mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana .

本文综述近年来植物向光反应研究方面的进展：（1）植物内部组织感受Pfr梯度引起生长再分布，越来越多的证据支持Bruinsma-Hasagawa假说；（2）光强-反应曲线的研究表明，向光反应存在多种反应类型，其中第一次正向光弯曲和第二次正向光弯曲最为普遍；（3）已鉴定了几种参与向光反应的光受体；（4）通过拟南芥突变体的研究确定了影响向光反应的4个基因。

The results show that a separate dunk is observed near the stagnation point of the second sphere on the distance of spheres L≤2.5D because of the influence of reverse pressure gradient.

结果表明：当L≤2.5D时，由于逆压梯度的影响，在第二个圆球滞止点附近捕捉到附体分离泡；由于第二个与第三个圆球的置入，展向压力梯度诱发第一个圆球背风面流动的展向输运，且随着圆球间距的增加流场的展向输运趋势减小，但涡的强度增大；第二个圆球与第三个圆球背风面流动没有明显的展向输运；湍动能的增量与圆球间距近似成平方规律。

This showed that the electron density of a quinoid ring increased. The peaks of the quaternary carbon atoms of the benzene rings, which were adjacent to the quinoid ring, also shifted to higher field. But the peaks of other C atoms shifted to lower field.

NMR结果表明苯胺低聚体掺杂后主链上的电荷重新分布，环上的H原子上的电子被C原子吸引，电荷密度降低，在〓 NMR中谱峰向低场移动。C原子的谱峰也相应发生变化，醌环上电荷密度增加，全部C原子的峰向高场移动，与醌环相邻苯环受其影响季碳峰移向高场，非季碳峰移向低场。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。