后颈

When surgery is indicated after central cord injury in the stable spondylotic spine, it is the overall cervical spinal alignment and the number of levels affected that determine the surgical approach.30 When the spine is lordotic, and particularly when there are multiple levels of compression; a posterior approach, either a laminectomy and fusion or a cervical laminoplasty are recommended approaches.28 If the spine is neutral or slightly kyphotic, then occasionally, after a posterior laminectomy, lordosis may be achieved with intraoperative positioning and maintained with posterior lateral mass fixation and fusion.

当不伴有颈椎不稳的颈椎病并颈髓中心管损伤患者需要手术治疗时，整个颈椎的序列和受累的节段决定了手术入路的选择。颈椎处于前凸状态，尤其是多节段颈髓均有受压时，建议采用后方入路进行全椎板切除融合或颈椎椎板成形术。假如颈椎处于中立位或稍微后凸时，有时通过后方的全椎板切除，术中复位和侧块螺钉固定融合，可以恢复颈椎的前凸。

Methods 100 cases were randomized into treatment group in which 50 cases were treated with Safflower injection via carotid artery infusion, added Safflower injection 20ml into 0.9% sodium chloride injection 60ml with the 4ml/min velocity, once a day; control group in which 50 cases were treated with venous drip of Safflower injection, added Safflower injection 20ml into 0.9% sodium chloride injection 500ml. After therapy, the curative effect、 myodynamia and hemorrheology were compared between the two groups.

将100例脑梗死患者随机分为红花注射液颈动脉灌注组50例和红花注射液静脉滴注组50例，治疗组：于0.9%氯化钠注射液60ml中加入红花注射液20ml，以4ml/min的滴速经颈动脉灌注；对照组：以红花注射液20ml加入0.9%氯化钠注射液500ml中静滴，20天后对两组疗效进行分析并观察治疗前后肢体肌力及血液流变学变化。

Neck sex has a headache include a neck neuralgic, among them with pillow big nerve (pillow demigod classics is painful) see more, this kind has a headache to often be in block is large inside innervation area, have hypersensitive or the feeling drops, aggravating because of cervical activity, after pillow wind pool acupuncture point has tenderness to nod.

颈性头痛包括颈神经痛，其中以枕大神经多见，此类头痛常在枕大神经分布区内，有感觉过敏或感觉减退，因颈部活动而加重，在枕后风池穴有压痛点。

INTERVENTIONS: The patients were asked to be in prone sitting position,their nape and shoulder were fully exposed, and the negative pressure cupping was applied to patient' s nape and shoulder until petechiae appeared on the skin. The treatment was given once or twice a week.

干预：患者俯伏坐位，暴露颈肩部和上背部，用负压罐吸拔于颈部，使颈肩部和背部疼痛部位的皮肤出现瘀斑，每周治疗一两次，治疗1个月后，根据患者治疗前后的自觉症状和体征以及X射线片、脑血流图的检查结果进行治疗效果评定。

Results: No differences were observed in the incidences of postdural puncture headacheafter spinal anesthesia with or without pillow support. There were significantly less neck stiffness and significantly improved patients satisfaction in the study group.

研究结果：实验组及控制组在脊髓麻醉后PDPH发生率，在统计上并无显著差异，但在肩颈酸痛程度和麻醉病患满意度方面，统计结果：为实验组肩颈酸痛程度(1.57分)小於控制组(3.23分)；而麻醉病患满意度调查结果为实验组的8.07分，高於控制组的满意度调查结果7.95分，虽两组平均分数差异不大，但统计结果皆为 p＜。05，表示实验组和控制组在统计上有差异。

Methods:Wistar rats were divided randomly into sham-operation group(n＝6) and ischemia- referfusion group (n＝12).Common carotid artery and external carotid artery were ligated,internal carotid artery and pterygopalatine artery were undivided.Pricking with eye scissors at the distal end of CCA for intralumin suture.By adjusting the suture arc direction to avoid entering the pterygopalatine artery,then withdraw the suture for referfusion 1 h later.

采用健康雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术组(n＝6)和缺血再灌注组(n＝12)，其中缺血再灌注组结扎颈总动脉和颈外动脉，颈内动脉和翼腭动脉不予分离，眼科剪在CCA远端上剪一小口插入线栓，通过调整线栓弧度方向来避免进入翼腭动脉，造成缺血，1 h后外拉栓线形成再灌注。

The postoperative course was uneventful without any complication, and the posterior cervical pain and torticollis were relieved immediately.

术后恢复顺利，无任何并发症，颈后疼痛和斜颈立即减轻。

After the ligation of both CCAs, the decrease of cerebal blood flow is compensated by the formation of collateral circulation and the dilation of basilar artery, and CCA' ligation is a feasible technique in establishing symptomatic cerebral vasospastic model.

颈总动脉结扎后，兔脑可能靠侧支循环增加和基底动脉增粗来代偿脑血流的下降；在症状性脑血管痉挛模型的制作中，颈总动脉结扎是一项可行的技术。

After 8 weeks,PDGF-B measured with reverse transcription polymerise chain reaction and pathologic alter were observed with HE staining.

高脂喂养6周后以球囊拉伤方法建立兔颈总动脉内皮损伤模型。8周时处死动物，以逆转录聚合酶链式反应法检测动脉损伤处PDGF-B mRNA表达，HE染色观察颈动脉组织病理形态学改变。

Most of cases had following characteristic MRI findings: olfactory nerve tumors were often located at anterior cranial fossae and appeared as lobulated mass; optic nerve tumors presented as nerve thickening; tregemimal nerve tumors usually grew across the middle and posterior cranial fossae and appeared as a collar-button appearance; tumors of Ⅷ nerves were nerve thickening and located at CPA; facial nerve tumor was located in mastoid with irregular shape; hypoglossal nerve tumors, vagus nerve tumors and hypoglossal nerve tumors were often located in an enlarged jugular foramen.

脑神经肿瘤发生在特定部位，大部分有特征性MRI表现：嗅神经肿瘤多位于颅前窝，呈分叶状；视神经肿瘤多有神经束增粗；三叉神经肿瘤骑跨颅中、后窝生长，呈哑铃状；听神经肿瘤为第Ⅶ、Ⅷ神经束增粗，并与桥小脑角区肿瘤相连；面神经肿瘤位于乳头内，形态不规则；舌咽、迷走、舌下神经肿瘤位于颈静脉孔区，往往伴有颈静脉孔扩大。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。