后路

Variations of completeness of fusion were also represented. For ALIF and PLIF, this included tests of solid bridging bone within the posterior or anterior 75%, 50%, or 25% disc space.

对腰椎前路椎间融合与后路椎间融合来说，包括对起稳定连接作用的植骨骨质的测验，这些骨质在前路或后路手术中分别占椎间隙的75%， 50%或者25%。

Ariations of completeness of fusion were also represented. For ALIF and PLIF, this included tests of solid bridging bone within the posterior or anterior 75%, 50%, or 25% disc space.

对腰椎前路椎间融合与后路椎间融合来说，包括对起稳定连接作用的植骨骨质的测验，这些骨质在前路或后路手术中分别占椎间隙的75%， 50%或者25%。

OBJECTIVE: To compare the initial stability of lumbar spine following ALIF, PLIF or TLIF in combination with bilateral pedicle screw fixation.

目的：比较前路椎间融合术、后路椎间融合术、椎间孔入路椎间融合术加用双侧椎弓根螺钉内固定后腰椎即刻稳定性的差异。

After resection of the tumor, reconstruction of stability of the spine anteriorly and/or posteriorly is necessary,16 as performed with the posteriorly transpedicular screw-rod system in our case.

肿瘤切除术后，如本病例所示，采用后路椎弓根钉棒系统，经前路或/和后路重建脊柱稳定性是极为重要的。

Four patients had undergone a combined anterior-posterior, and 4 had a posterior-only spine arthrodesis.

有4个病人经历了前后路联合脊柱关节固定术，另有4个病人则经历了单独后路脊柱关节固定术。

Methods We retrospectively compared 45 cases who were retained and sutured capsula articularis during THA through posterior approach from January 2006 to May 2007 with 57 cases routinely resected capsula articularis during 2004 to 2005 on the rate of dearticulation after operation.

将2006年1月年5月的45例后路THA患者术中行关节囊保留修复，与2004年～2005年所行的后路常规行关节囊切除的THA患者57例在术后脱位发生率方面进行回顾性比较分析。

The incidence of junctional kyphosis and its association to the above parameters and to fusion levels were assessed.

在集中式数据库内采用不同的影像学指标测量脊柱后凸、前凸，C4矢状面中垂线，顶椎横移距，交界处曲度和骨盆倾角；计算交界后凸的发生率以及与上述指标的相关性、融合水平；评估采用联合前后路手术和单纯后路后术患者并发症发生率及其差别。

The majority of these injuries require combined anterior and posterior fixation because of the severe degree of bony and ligamentous disruption they exhibit.22,23 Today, with improved anesthesia and improved anterior locking plates and posterior segmental fixation systems,2,3,5–8,16,18,22,27 a combined anterior and posterior procedure is not as daunting a task.

由于存在严重的骨和韧带结构的破坏，这种类型的损伤大多需要前后路联合固定。现在，随着麻醉技术的进步，前方锁定钢板和后方节段内固定系统的改进，联合前后路操作已不再是一项另人畏惧的工作。

［Objective］ To analyze the outcome of internal fixation for occipitalization with atlantoaxial joint dislocation by posterior decompression and occipitocervical fusion ［Method］ From December 2005 to June 2007,8 patients with occipitalization and atlantoaxial joint dislocation received removal of the posterior arcus of atlas and the enlargement of the posterior edge of the foramen magnum after skull traction performing for an average of 135 daysAll patients were operated on by posterior craniocervical fusion using cervifix internal fixation system and autologous ilium graftsThe clinical efficacy after operation was analyzed by Japanese Orthopaedic Associationneural function score ［Result］ All the patients were followed up from 6 months to 2 years, average of 15 monthsNo complication was foundAtlantodental interval was 5~9 mm before and 4~6 mm after skull tractionAtlantoaxial joint dislocation didn't completely reducedThe neurological defects were improved to some extents according to the JOA scoreImageology showed all patients had full decompression and bony fusionThe loosening or broken internal fixation was not found ［Conclusion］ Posterior decompression and fusion is a feasible method for the treatment of occipitalization with atlantoaxial joint dislocation,and the clinical effect is satisfactory

分析后路减压枕颈融合内固定术治疗合并寰枢关节脱位的寰椎枕骨化临床疗效。［方法］2005年12月至2007年6月间，对8例合并寰枢关节脱位的寰椎枕骨化患者在行颅骨牵引治疗一段时间（12~16 d，平均135 d）后采用枕骨大孔后缘扩大，寰椎后弓切除减压取自体髂骨枕颈融合Cervifix系统内固定术，手术后采用日本骨科学会神经功能评分分析临床疗效。［结果］8例患者随访6个月~2年，平均为15个月。8例患者无一例出现术后并发症，术前寰齿前间隙为5~9 mm，经颅骨牵引后为5~7 mm，寰枢关节脱位未能完全复位。手术前后JOA评分示神经症状均有不同程度恢复，影像学检查示枕颈区减压充分植骨区获得骨性融合，无一例出现内固定松动或断裂。［结论］合并寰枢关节脱位的寰椎枕骨化患者术前仔细评估影像学改变，采用颅骨牵引一段时间后行后路减压枕颈融合内固定术的治疗方案是合理可行的，且临床效果满意。

［Objective］To compare the clinical results of different bone graft in the posterior route spinal fusion of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.［Method］A retrospective study was made in 71 case of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis,who were operated on with posterior instrumentation of screw-rod fixation system from 2000 to 2005.All of the patients were divided into three groups,autologous bone graft in 21 cases,allogous bone graft in 23 cases, autologous bone mixed allogous bone graft in 27 cases. The fusion rate, the Cobb's angle loss rate of incidence and pseudoarthrosis were compared among the three groups at 3,9,15,36 months follow-up.

［目的］通过不同植骨在青少年特发性脊柱侧凸后路矫形植骨融合术中的应用比较，探讨其临床应用效果［方法］回顾性分析2000年～2005年行后路钉-棒系统矫形手术的71例青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者，其中自体骨移植21例，同异体骨移植23例，自体骨混合同种异体骨移植27例，比较随访第3、9、15、36 月的融合率、Cobb's角丢失率及假关节发生率。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。