后表面

The UV and IR spectroscopic studies of the monomer films showed that the photoreaction ratio of monomer (about 50%) was higher than the corresponding photosensitive polymer (about 10%, PVCi). The polarized IR spectra proved that obvious anisotropic absorption was displayed in the irradiated photosensitive film. With polarizing microscopy method, we found that these kinds of photoalignment films exhibited good alignment ability, and the stability of the photoalignment film could reach about 100℃. 2 A photosensitive self-assembled monolayer was fabricated that contained photo-cycloadditable groups, such as, coumarin and cinnamate. The reaction process were detected by contact angle method because the IR absorption of monolayer was very weak. The photosensitive self-assembled monolayer promote uniform alignment of nematic liquid crystals by LPUV, and it thermal stability could reach about 130℃. 3 A cationic bolaform amphiphiles was synthesized that had two photosensitive double bonds, and can be polymerized by ultraviolet. A layer-by-layer self-assembled deposition film was prepared in aqueous solution by using this material and poly (sodium 4-styrenesulfonate). The UV-Vis. spectra proved that the multilayers film was uniform and layer-by-layer. When LPUV irradiated the film, the photopolymerizable double bond underwent [2+2] cycloaddition, and the production of the reaction distributed along the polarized direction of incident LPUV. Polarized UV-Vis. spectra indicated that the irradiated self-assembled multiplayer film was anisotropic, and the dichromic ration is about 0.09, it is higher than the spin-coating method of photosensitive polymer or monomer. We used this anisotropic film as alignment layer of nematic liquid crystals, and obtained a uniform and stability alignment result, the static contrast ratio is about 100, which is very close to application of liquid crystal device. This thesis is an instance that the photochemical material was used in the physics region of liquid crystals, the route that was from photosensitive monomer, self-assembled monolayer film to self-assembled multiplayer film was undergone, by this logical research method photoailgnment of liquid crystal was extended and consummated.

围绕上述思路开展了如下工作：1合成了三种可进行光二聚反应的光敏小分子单体，LPUV 辐照制作了光控取向膜；用紫外-可见光谱法和红外光谱法分析了薄膜中的光化学反应，发现小分子的光反应程度可达到50%以上，至少比光敏高分子高出5倍；薄膜的偏振红外光谱证实，经过LPUV 辐照后薄膜出现了明显的各向异性；将小分子光控取向膜制成液晶器件，在偏光显微镜下观察看到均匀一致的液晶取向；并且热稳定性达到100℃左右，接近实用化要求。2制备了含肉桂酸、香豆素基团的自组装单层膜；采用接触角的方法监测自组装反应的动力学过程；紫外-可见光谱证实了自组装单层膜在石英基板表面形成；自组装单层膜经LPUV 辐照后能诱导液晶均匀取向，而且热稳定性可达130℃，热稳定性进一步提高。3合成了含有光敏双键的双季铵盐，在水溶液状态下将它和聚乙烯基苯磺酸钠沉积生成layer-by-layer 自组装多层膜，紫外-可见光谱证实这是一个逐层均匀的沉积；在LPUV 照射下，自组装膜中的光敏双键按照偏振方向发生[2+2]环加成反应，形成取向膜，用二向色性值评价的分子取向度高于高分子及小分子光控取向膜的水平；实验证明用自组装多层膜制成的液晶器件亮暗态均匀，静态对比度约为100，达到实用化器件的水平。

objectiveto study on the method and results on the rebuild auricle with medpor on expanded skin flap of the mastoid process area.methodsthirty-six cases with congenital vestigial auricles:ⅰstage, put the 50ml kidney skin parenchyma dilater under the auricle mastoid process area for 3～5 months.

目的：探讨采用耳后乳突区皮肤扩张皮瓣用于全耳廓再造术的方法及临床效果。方法：36例先天性小耳畸形作全耳廓再造术，ⅰ期先在患侧耳后乳突区皮下置入50ml肾形皮肤软组织扩张器3～5个月至预期皮肤面积，然后ⅱ期手术将此皮瓣覆盖于整个medpor支架表面，再造外耳廓。

A bis-imdazoline corrosion inhibitor JUC was synthesized by reacting with divinyl three amine,and its quaternary ammonium JUCI was also synthesized for corrosion inhibition in acids.

以己二酸、二乙烯三胺为原料合成了双环咪唑啉缓蚀剂JUC，并对其季铵化后得到了适于酸化用的双环咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀剂JUCI；采用静态挂片失重法对合成的缓蚀剂在酸化条件下的缓蚀性能及与非离子表面活性剂SA-1复配后的缓蚀性能进行了评价研究。

Specifically, itcontains 8 chapters.In chapter 1, the formation, structures, properties and the futureprospect of liposome were thoroughly reviewed;In chapter 2, the stibility and permeability of phopholipid -eleostericacid liposome were studied together with the effect of polymerizationof eleostearic acid. This membrane system was very sensitive to 〓,the effect of 〓 was clarified to increase the aggregation/fusion ofliposomes and made the permeability of mixed liposomes much higher;In chapter 3, two polymerizable conjugated diyne bolaamphiphiles were synthesized. They could form very stable mixed liposome, andthe diyne could be polymerized by UV light in bilayer liposomes, as aresult, the stability of mixed liposome against solvent or surfactantafter polymerization were enhanced. In chapter 4, two kinds of amphiphilic amino acids were synthesized andstable liposomes were formed therefrom After the condensationpolymerization of amino acid in bilayer liposomes, stable polypeptide liposomes were obtained, which had lower phase transition temperatureand higher permeability.In chapter 5, four kinds of glycolipids were synthesized and theiraggregation behavior in water was comparied. When incorporated intophospholipid bilayer membranes, they could increase the phase transitiontemperatures and inhibit the aggregation and fusion of mixedliposomesat lower temperature.In chapter 6 and 7, three kinds of steroidal bolaamphiphiles withdifferent chain lengths were synthesized. Incorporation of steroidalmoiety to the center of lipid bilayer membrane obviously increased themobility of lipid membrane and shifted Tc to lower temperature side incomparasion with cholesterol. The bolaamphiphile which was shorter thanthe hosted lipid bilayer membrane thickness influenced the lipid packingmore obviously.

全文共分8章：第一章对脂质体的形成、结构、性质及展望进行了较为详细的文献综述；第二章研究了磷脂-桐酸脂质体的稳定性，通透能力及桐酸的聚合对这些性质的影响；磷脂-桐酸混合脂质体为一类对〓灵敏的脂质体，〓的作用首先是使脂质体集聚然后使脂质体融合，并加速内包荧光物的释放；第三章通过合成两种可聚合共轭双炔双极性双亲分子DDCA，DDOL，研究了共双炔分子在双分子层脂质体膜上的聚合及对脂质体性质的影响，聚合可以提高脂质体相对于溶剂及表面活性剂的稳定性；第四章合成了两类氨基酸为极性基团的双亲分子，它们均可以在超声下形成稳定的脂质体结构；氨基酸基团可以在脂质体上进行缩聚反应，若聚合后脂质体表面仍有足够的亲水能力，则可得到稳定的多肽型脂质体；聚合后脂质体的相变温度降低，通透能力增加；第五章合成了四种亲水基团为单糖基的双亲分子GL-l，GL-2，GL-3， GL-4，研究了它们在水中的分散情况、集合体形态与分子结构的关系；在DMPC双分子层膜中加入糖脂分子可以使脂质体的相变温度提高，阻止脂质体在低温放置时的集聚与融合；第六章-第七章合成了三种不同碳链长度的双极性含胆甾环双亲分子 CL-1，CL-2，CL-3；它们可以象胆固醇一样与磷脂混合形成稳定脂质体，胆甾环基团位于脂质体双分子层膜的中间；与胆固醇的作用相反，它们可以增加磷脂双分子层膜的流动性，降低混合脂质体的相变温度；三种分子的作用与其碳链长度和磷脂双分子层膜的厚度有关，比膜厚度短的分子影响最大。

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Morphology changes of induced cells; introduced endothelioid cell surface antigen detected through immunocytochemical staining; the growth and adhesion condition of endothelioid cells on the intravascular stent observed under scanning electronic microsope.

主要观察指标：诱导后细胞形态变化，免疫细胞化学染色检测诱导后内皮样细胞表面相关抗原，扫描电镜观察内皮样细胞在血管支架上的生长黏附情况。

G.E.Hubb root is from 0.20mm to 0.50mm, and 95% roots, diameter is thinner than 0.40mm. The total surface areas of roots is 10139.68cm^2, and the surface areas of roots is about 2 to 3 times to soil surface areas in the surface layer. Enlacing sod concretion to soil profile of Eulaliopsis binata G.E. Hubb root and the gigantic adsorption to soil grains of root surface are the mechanism why Eulaliopsis binata G.E. Hubb can reduce null and water loss significantly. The monitoring result from 2003 to 2004 indicates that, when the gradient is 12 degrees, the runoff rate of planting Eulaliopsis binata Retz. G.E. Hubb completely after changing slope land to ladder (PECC, so as the follows is only 49.90m^3/hm^2?yr. and the soil loss rate is 155.78kg/hm^2?yr, however, the runoff rate of fanning and being not change slope land to ladder is 314.29m^3/hm^2?yr that is 6.30 times to PECC ,and the soil loss rate is 3322.50 that is 21.33 times to PECC; When the gradient is 24 degrees, the runoff rate of planting eulaliopsis binata G.E, Hubb in the ridge and border slope land after changing slope land to ladder is 248.04m^3/hm^3?yr and the soil loss rate is 612.00kg/hm^3?yr. the runoff rate of PECC is only 42.44m^3/hm^2?yr and the soil loss rate is 153.75kg/hm^2?yr, however, the runoff rate of ENC reaches to 785.73m^3/hm62?yr that is 3.17 times to PERBC and 18.52 times to PECC, and the soil lose rate reaches to 37503m^3/hm^2 yr that is 61.33 times to PERBC and 244.12 times to PECC.

蓑草根系平均直径0.20~0.50mm， 95%的根系平均直径小于0.40mm，根系总表面积10139.68cm^2，在土壤表层根系表面积高达土体表面积的2~3倍，根系表面对土壤颗粒的巨大吸附作用是蓑草显著提高土壤抗侵蚀能力的另一个重要原因。2003~2004年的监测结果表明，在12度坡度情况下，坡改梯后净作蓑草年径流量仅49.90立方公尺/hm^2，年土壤流失量为155.78kg/hm^2，而未坡改梯且农作情况下，年径流量314.29立方公尺／hm^2为前者的6.30倍，年土壤流失量3322.50Kg/hm^2为前者的21.33倍；在24度坡度情况下，坡改梯后土埂及边坡种植蓑草、坡面农作年径流量248.04立方公尺/hm^2，年土壤流失量612.00kg/hm^2，坡改梯后净作蓑草径流量42.44立方公尺/hm^2，土坡流失量l53.75kg/hm^2，而未坡改梯且农作情况下年径流量高达785.73立方公尺/hm^2，分别为处理1的3.17倍，处理2的18.52倍，年土壤流失量高达37503kg/hm^2，分别为处理1的61.33倍，处理2的244.12倍。

The results showed that pure merwinite powers with dimensions of 1 to 3μm could be obtained at 1400℃. The HAp was obviously detected on merwinite after 7days of soaking, and the HAp crystalline on column-like merwinite after being soaked for l4days was in warm-like structure.

结果表明：在约1400℃的煅烧温度下可以得到纯相镁蔷薇辉石粉体，其粒径约为1~3μm；圆柱状镁蔷薇辉石在模拟体液浸泡7d后就能明显检测到表面有舟基磷灰石生成，浸泡14d后呈结晶较好的蠕虫状结构。

The mechanical properties of coal filled polymer composites The mechanical properties of coal/PP composites were investigated, and the effects of coal rank, particle size, surface modification of coupling and alkylation were discussed. The results show that the anthracite and bituminous coal all can be used as filler of plastic after pretreatment of part devolatilization and surface modification; The modulus of composites increase with the content of coal filler; The coupling agent is of no effect for reinforcing the coal/PP composites, except that there are new oxygenous function group forming on the surface in the process of pulverizing; The F-C alkylation reinforce coal (under 10μm)/PP composites obviously.

4煤填充高分子复合材料力学性能超细煤粉填充聚丙烯复合材料力学性能的研究结果表明，烟煤和无烟煤经过脱除部分挥发分的预处理后，都可用于与塑料共混制备复合材料；偶联剂改性对低变质程度烟煤/聚丙烯复合材料的力学性能基本不起改善作用，而对于经气流超细粉碎后的小粒径高变质程度烟煤及无烟煤则有一定的增强作用；烷基化改性在煤表面接枝了烷基，使平均粒径小于10μm的煤/聚丙烯复合材料拉伸屈服强度普遍提高，煤填充高分子复合材料可在较高含煤量情况下维持良好的力学性能。

Thirty specimens samples were randomly divided into three groups blank control,media control and inoculated m edia group, 10 specimens were used in each group under the aerobic conditions,Sa polos glucose agar media with candida albicans inoculated .

需氧环境将白色念珠菌接种到沙保罗葡萄糖琼脂培养基后，将试件贴附其表面每周转换传递1次，共10周。0.5g/L戊二醛消灭细菌清洗，2周后，用Minolta CR-100 型色度计观察。

The flat posterior surface of the tibial shaft can be completely exposed, except for its proximal fourth, which lies in close relation to the popliteus muscle and to the proximal parts of the posterior tibial essels and the tibial nere.

胫骨干平坦的后侧表面除近端四分之一因与腘肌以及胫后血管和胫神经的近侧部关系密切外，其余部分均可显露。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。