后肾

Objective To raise the level of regarding congnition,prevention,diagnosis and therapy on multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.Methods Report the process and correlative therapy on one case who occured with MODS involving 6 organs after hemorrhagic shock lead to heartbeat and respiration stopping suddenly and resuscitated resulting in left nephrostome titanium nip falled off accidentally from left kidney lymphatic fastening.

目的 提高对器官功能障碍综合征（multiple organ dysfunction syndrome，MODS）的认识、预防、诊断、治疗水平方法报告成功抢救1例经腹腔镜左肾淋巴管结扎手术后左肾静脉钛夹意外脱落失血性休克，导致心跳呼吸骤停复苏后再手术并发MODS累及6 脏器功能衰竭过程及有关治疗，并复习相关文献，介绍目关于MODS的研究进展。

We applied conditional survival methodology to a previously reported posttreatment nomogram predicting survival after nephrectomy for patients with renal cell carcinoma stage I to IV.

应用条件存活率方法学对以前报告的治疗后病例采用图表分析，预测肾细胞癌I 到IV期患者行肾切除后的效果。

To describe the evolution, risk factors and impact of nonimmune histological injury after pediatric kidney transplantation, we analyzed 245 renal allograft protocol biopsies taken regularly from the time of transplantation to 2 years thereafter in 81 consecutive rejection-free pediatric recipients of an adult-sized kidney.

为了明确儿童肾移植后非免疫组织学损害的进展、危险因素及其影响，我们分析了连续81名接受成人大小肾脏的儿童肾移植无排斥反应的受者移植后2年内获得的245份计划性活检样本。

In animal experiments, the renal function and pathological change of remnant kidney in the treatment group were significantly improved as compared with 5/6 nephrectomized group.

动物实验部分：12周后，与5/6肾切除组比较，羟苯磺酸钙组大鼠肾功能改善，残肾组织病理改变明显减轻。

Arsenic could be detected in the main organs and tissues of rats after administration of a single dose. The arsenic was most accumulated in the spleen, hair, lung and suprarenal gland organs, and kidney, heart, liver, bladder and skin came next. Brain, testis, muscle and tibia had the least amount of arsenic. After 15 continuous days of administration, arsenic contents in kidney and bladder tissues increased appreciably besides suprarenal gland, lung, hair and spleen.

单次给药后，在大鼠各主要脏器、组织中均可检测到砷，以脾、毛发、肺和肾上腺中分布较多，肾、心、肝、膀胱、皮肤次之；大脑、睾丸、肌肉、胫骨中分布较少，多次给药后砷除了同样在肾上腺、肺、毛发和脾分布较多外，在肾和膀胱的积累显著增加。

ConclusionsSerum from asphyxiated neonates can induce HK2 cell adhesion to neutrophils, possibly through activating NFκB and increasing the synthesis and expression of ICAM1 on the surface of renal tubular epithelial cells.

窒息后血清可以诱导肾小管上皮细胞活化进而粘附中性粒细胞，其作用机制可能涉及到窒息后血清活化了NF-κB，从而使肾小管上皮细胞膜表面ICAM-1表达增加，进而粘附中性粒细胞。

After administerded for 30 days, all rats were killed and anatomized. The nephric exterior of model control group rats was offwhite, instead, that of Yi Shen Granule groups rats showed red grain in offwhite exterior. There were tumefaction of tissue and sediment of adenine in all kidney.

病理组织学观察发现，与空白组比较，造模动物肾小管均有扩张，给药后其扩张程度有显著性差异，采用半定量的方法对肾小管扩张程度进行分级比较，结果显示大剂量组动物肾小管扩张程度较轻。

The stable clones are further identified by RT-PCR and Western blot; 6 MTT assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the cell growth of cells (AGS, SGC7901, MKN28, NIH3T3, GES-1); 7 Soft agar assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the clonality of cells (AGS, MKN28); 8 Nude mice assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the cell growth of gastric cancer cells (AGS, MKN28); 9 Flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the cell cycle distribution of cells (AGS, MKN28, NIH3T3, GES-1); 10 Flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the cell apoptosis of cells (AGS, MKN28, NIH3T3); 11 MTT assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the drug sensitivity of cancer cells (SGC7901, SGC7901/VCR, HL-60, HL-60/VCR) in vitro; 12 SRCA is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the drug sensitivity of gastric cancer cells (SGC7901, SGC7901/VCR) in vivo; 13 Flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on adriamycin accumulation of cancer cells (SGC7901, SGC7901/VCR, HL-60, HL-60/VCR); 14 Transmission electron microscope is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the sensitivity of SGC7901 cells towards drug-induced apoptosis; 15 Flow cytometry and DNA ladder assay are used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the sensitivity of cells (SGC7901, SGC7901/VCR, HL-60/VCR) towards drug-induced apoptosis; 16 Microarray is used to investigate the profiling of ZNRD1-responsive genes in gastric cancer cells (AGS, MKN28, SGC7901, SGC7901/VCR); 17 RT-PCR and Western blot are used to identify the results of microarray; 18 Reporter gene assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the transcriptional activity of cyclin D1; 19 Reporter gene assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the transcriptional activity of MDR1; 20 Kinase assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the activity of cyclin E-CDK2 kinase; 21 The antisensenucleic acids of p21 is used to inhibit the expression of p21, and flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of p21 on ZNRD1-induced cell cycle arrest in gastric cancer cells; 22 The antisensenucleic acids of p27 is used to inhibit the expression of p27, and flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of p27 on ZNRD1-induced cell cycle arrest in gastric cancer cells; 23 Liposome is used to up-regulate the expression of Skp2, and flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of Skp2 on ZNRD1-induced cell cycle arrest in gastric cancer cells; 24 Western blot is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the stability of Skp2 and p27 in gastric cancer cells; 25 MVD assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the angiopoietic activity of gastric cancer cells; 26 ELISA is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the expression of VEGF165 in gastric cancer cells; 27 The roles of DARPP-32 in MDR of gastric cancer cells are investigated using gene transfection, MTT assay, SRCA, flow cytometry and DNA ladder assay.

应用杂交瘤技术制备ZNRD1的首个单克隆抗体；2）利用RT-PCR、Western blot和免疫组化检测ZNRD1在胃癌组织、胃炎组织、正常胃上皮组织、胃癌细胞和正常胃组织上皮细胞中的表达；3）构建ZNRD1的小干扰RNA载体，并测序鉴定；4）利用脂质体将ZNRD1的真核表达载体及其空载体转染胃癌细胞（AGS、SGC7901、MKN28）和小鼠成纤维细胞（NIH3T3），G418筛选后进行鉴定；5）利用脂质体将ZNRD1的小干扰RNA载体及其空载体转染药敏胃癌细胞（SGC7901）、正常胃组织上皮细胞（GES-1）、对长春新碱耐药的胃癌细胞（SGC7901/VCR）、药敏白血病细胞（HL-60）、对长春新碱耐药的白血病细胞（HL-60/VCR），G418筛选后进行鉴定；6）利用MTT实验检测ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（AGS、SGC7901、MKN28、NIH3T3、GES-1）生长的影响；7）通过软琼脂克隆形成实验检测上调ZNRD1对AGS、MKN28细胞克隆形成能力的影响；8）通过裸鼠成瘤实验检测上调ZNRD1对AGS、MKN28细胞体内成瘤性的影响；9）通过流式细胞仪分析ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（AGS、MKN28、NIH3T3、GES-1）的细胞周期的影响；10）通过流式细胞仪分析上调ZNRD1对细胞（AGS、MKN28、NIH3T3）的凋亡的影响；11）通过MTT实验检测ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（SGC7901、SGC7901/VCR、HL-60、HL-60/VCR）体外药物敏感性的影响；12）通过肾包膜下移植法检测ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（SGC7901、SGC7901/VCR）体内药物敏感性的影响；13）通过流式细胞仪分析ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（SGC7901、SGC7901/VCR、HL-60、HL-60/VCR）内阿霉素蓄积和泵出的影响；14）通过透射电镜检测上调ZNRD1对SGC7901细胞凋亡敏感性的影响；15）通过流式细胞仪和DNA梯度试验检测ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（SGC7901、SGC7901/VCR、HL-60）凋亡敏感性的影响；16）通过基因芯片检测ZNRD1高/低表达对胃癌细胞内基因表达谱的影响；17）利用RT-PCR、Western blot对基因芯片的结果进行鉴定；18）利用报告基因实验检测ZNRD1对cyclin D1的启动子活性的调节作用；19）利用报告基因实验检测ZNRD1高/低表达对MDR1的启动子活性的调节作用；20）利用激酶试验检测ZNRD1对cyclin E-CDK2 激酶活力的影响；21）利用反义核酸技术抑制p21的表达；通过流式细胞仪检测抑制p21对ZNRD1介导的细胞周期阻滞的影响；22）利用反义核酸技术抑制p27的表达；通过流式细胞仪检测抑制p27对ZNRD1介导的细胞周期阻滞的影响；23）利用脂质体转染法上调Skp2的表达；通过流式细胞仪检测上调Skp2对ZNRD1介导的细胞周期阻滞的影响；24）利用Western blot检测ZNRD1对p27和Skp2的蛋白稳定性的影响；25）利用微血管密度实验检测ZNRD1对AGS、MKN28细胞裸鼠移植瘤微血管形成的影响；26）利用ELISA检测ZNRD1对AGS、MKN28细胞培养上清和移植瘤匀浆中VEGF165含量的影响；27）利用脂质体转染法、MTT实验、肾包膜下移植法、流式细胞仪和DNA梯度试验检测新耐药相关分子DARPP-32对细胞（SGC7901、SGC7901/VCR、对阿霉素耐药的胃癌细胞SGC7901/ADR）多药耐药表型的影响；利用脂质体转染法和MTT实验检测下调ZNRD1对DARPP-32介导的胃癌多药耐药的调控作用。

To observe the changes of pathology and contents of hydroxyproline, total antioxidizing capability, total superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde in kidneys of unilateral ureteral obstruction rats, and investigate the function of oxidation stress reaction in renal interstitial fibrosis.

目的 采用单侧输尿管结扎致肾间质纤维化大鼠模型，观察UUO后肾脏病理和肾组织在羟氨酸含量及各氧化应激指标的改变，探讨氧化应激在肾间质纤维化中的作用。

Results Compared with low-salt diet control group, the renal changes in CsA-L group were not obvious at the 2nd weeks, the urine volume and the level of BUN were remarkably increased in CsA-H group. At the 4th weeks, the urine volume was decreased; the levels of Crea and BUN were significantly increased and showed a significant positive correlation with the blood CsA concentration. Morphologic changes consisted of vacuolization of renal tubular cells, hyalinization of small arterioles and the light renal interstitial fibrosis.

结果 与低盐对照组相比，药后第2周CsA-L组各指标无明显变化，CsA-H组尿量增多，尿蛋白降低，尿素氮升高；药后第4周时，尿量呈减少趋势，肌酐和BUN明显升高，且与CsA血药浓度呈显著正相关，病理表现为肾小管细胞空泡变性及小动脉和肾间质病变，CsA-H组各种变化较CsA-L组更为明显。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。