后肾

He was admitted with dehydration following strongly reduced fluid intake leading to prerenal kidney failure. He had had a renal transplantation, after which a moderate renal insufficiency persisted. During 12 days he received parenteral nutrition upon which he developed severe hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis.

一位46岁的男性患者由于癌症而出现食管梗阻，他因为液体摄入的极度减少而出现脱水，导致肾前性肾衰，在持续缺乏合理的液体补充后，患者不得不进行肾脏移植。

Shen tonics and nourishing Yin were selected, and decided into the groups of liquid of complex prescription by the Yin-Yang principles of the treatment: IQ and NY group, YT and NY group, ST and NY group and so on, which were respectively boiled, administrated the rats via gavage and separated the sera of drugs for preparation, the sera were served in HCSMMC-7721 in vitro, normal sera of rats and Retin acid as matched controls, MTT colorimetric method was applied to assay cell proliferation.

选取临床肝癌治疗常用的益气、温阳、补肾、养阴等扶正治法的代表药物，并根据阴阳治则理论将其分别配伍为益气养阴、温阳养阴及补肾养阴等治法的小复方，分别煎成汤液，采取大鼠灌胃给药后分离药物血清的方法制备药物血清，作用于体外培养的SMMC-7721人肝癌细胞，以正常大鼠血清和维甲酸作对照。

The biological characteristics and toxicity of Russula subnigricans Hongo was studied for the first time from ecology and morphologic characteristics and histology, the orthogonal experiment of the optimum culture condition, the analysis of components, apoptosis of the cells from little white rat liver and kidney induced by extract of Russula Subnigricans Hongo,to the histopathologic changes observation of little white rat liver and kidney through ecological observation, light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography, agarose gel electrophoresis, transmission electron micioscopy.

利用菌种分离技术、光镜技术、电镜技术、高效液相色谱技术、毒理实验技术、电泳方法等对亚稀褶黑菇的生物学特性和毒性机理进行了研究，主要包括以下内容：亚稀褶黑菇的生态学和组织学研究、菌种分离培养、扫描电镜观察、成分分析、粗毒液诱导小自鼠肝肾细胞凋亡，小白鼠中毒后肝肾细胞透射电镜观察，研究结果如下： 1。

The apoptosis induced by extract of Russula subnigricans Hongo was investigated in little white rat liver and kidney cells by agarose gel electrophoresis.The result showed that agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA extracted from poisoned little white rat liver and kidney cellsrevealed typical 180 ~ 200bp integer-fold "ladder" bands.

亚稀褶黑菇提取液能诱导小白鼠肝肾细胞凋亡，亚稀褶黑菇提取液诱导肝肾细胞凋亡是亚稀褶黑菇中毒后机体病变死亡的重要表现形式之一 5。

Results:Compared with the transperitoneal approach,the retroperitoneal approach was associated with a shorter time to renal artery control,shorter time to renal vein control and shorter total operation time.

结果：与经腹腔方式比较，腹膜后方式处理肾动脉平均时间、处理肾静脉平均时间、总的手术平均时间较短。

Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy can be performed efficiently and effectively with the transperitoneal or the retroperitoneal approach,while the latter is more effective than the former for treatment of renal hilar and total operation time.

腹腔镜下经腹腔或腹膜后方式行肾癌根治术均有效，但后者在处理肾门和总的手术时间方面更快。

The relationships of VEGF with the indices of renal damage, including renal/body weight, urinary protein excretion, glomerular volume and glomerular area, were analyzed. Results The expression of VEGF mRNA in diabetic kidney was significantly up-regulated after operation from 2 weeks to 24 weeks with the peak level at 20weeks, when compared with control at the same time- points. The positive results of VEGF staining in diabetic glomeruli was increasingly observed after operation from 2 weeks to 24 weeks, with the peak at 20 weeks. The positive results of VEGF staining in diabetic tubuli was increasingly seen from 2 weeks to 24 weeks, with the peak at 8 weeks.

结果 VEGF mRNA在糖尿病模型组大鼠肾脏中持续高表达，各时点与对照组相比差异均有统计学意义(P.05)；糖尿病组2~24周肾小球VEGF蛋白表达强于对照组(P.05)，24周时有所减弱，但仍强于对照组；糖尿病组各时点肾小管VEGF蛋白表达均强于对照组(p.05)， 8周后表达明显增强；VEGF表达变化与肾质量／体质量(r=0.518， P＝0.001)、尿蛋白(r=0.409， p=0.001)、肾小球面积(r=0.499， P-0.000)和体积(r=0.499， P-0.000)呈正相关。

Among the cases, 48 were treated by ultrasound guided percutaneous drainage and ethanol sclerotherapy, 86 by retroperitoneal laparoscopic unroofing, 11 by small incision, and 13 by traditional lumbar incision.

回顾性分析2001年4月～2004年3月158例肾囊肿患者的临床资料，其中B超引导下经皮肾穿刺注射无水乙醇硬化治疗48例、后腹腔镜手术治疗86例、小切口手术治疗11例及传统的经腰部切口治疗13例。

Retroperitoneal laparoscopic renal cyst unroofing versus open surgery in respect of therapeutic effects and open renal cyst unroofing

结论与传统开放手术途径比较，经后腹腔腹腔镜技术治疗肾囊肿安全有效、创伤小、出血少、术后恢复快且疗效可靠，应成为单纯肾囊肿治疗的首选方法。

The complicated ureter stone-streets were cured by trascutaˉneous nephrocentesis and nephrostomy through ureterocystoscope,haemostatic and antibiotic.The12patients hadn't variation of nephrofunction and recurrence of stone for following3-24months.

经皮肾穿刺造瘘术和输尿管镜取石，止血，抗炎等治疗后，排尽石头，随访3个月～2年未见肾功能改变和结石复发。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。