后界层

Sb can combine with Cu and P to form a low melting point compound which lowers the melting point of binary Cu-8P eutectic alloy by nearly 200℃. Bi and Cu can create compounds with low melting point(270℃) distributing at the boundaries and that is the reason why the melting point of (Cu-8P)-Bi is lower than that of binary Cu-8P eutectic alloy. The eutectic cluster can be refined with the addition of Fe, and that is the reason why the addition of Fe can decrease the melting point of Cu-8P alloy. Two means of decreasing the melting point of Cu-8P are found.

一定量的Sb与Cu， P形成低熔点相，从而大幅降低了Cu-8P合金的熔点，使其熔点降低近200℃；加入少量Bi后， Bi与Cu在共晶团晶界上形成熔点为270℃左右的低熔点化合物，且Bi的加入明显细化Cu-8P合金共晶团，从而使Cu-8P合金的熔点降低；加入Fe能明显细化Cu-8P合金的共晶团，使层片间距由8μm减为2μm以下，并使共晶团由层片状向短棒状转变，虽然Fe与Cu形成熔点为806℃的高温相，但Fe的细化作用使得Cu-8P合金的熔点降低，但降低幅度不大。

Two technology including nitrocarburizing process and salt nitrocarburzing process haver been adopted. Several conclusions were obtained: firstly, nitrided layers consist of two layers including the outer white layer, mainly ε and γ′ with favorite errosion resistance, the inner dark layer consist of α-Fe.

再往里为扩散层，扩散层与原始组织无明显区别，是过饱和含氮的α-Fe固溶体，比原始组织更易受腐蚀；(2)试样经长时间氮碳共渗后，渗层最表面会出现疏松，这是因为Fe原子向外扩散，在ε相内造成Fe原子空位，空位向内扩散，并可能在晶界上或某些晶体缺陷处堆积，以致造成空洞。

The results indicate that the flow stress of the alloy increases with increasing strain rate and decreasing deformation temperature. The flow stress increases with increasing strain until the stress reaches the peak value, then the flow stress remains constant, which indicates that dynamic recrystallization happens during deformation. The flow behaviors are described by the hyperbolic sine constitutive equation, and the activation energy calculated is 337.75 kJ/mol. The as-forged microstructure consists of refined α2/γ and γ grains, and the grains are much homogeneous than before. The B2 phase distributes uniformly at the grain boundary of α2/γ and γ grains. The B2 phase decreases with increasing deformation temperature.

结果表明：流变应力随着应变速率提高和变形温度降低而增大；在变形过程中，流变应力随着变形量增大而增大，当流变应力达到峰值后趋于平稳，表明合金在变形过程中发生了动态再结晶；热变形过程的流变应力可采用双曲正弦本构关系来描述，平均激活能为337.75 kJ/mol；从合金的组织演化过程中可以看出，合金中不均匀的原始组织得到明显均匀化，变形后的组织是由α2/γ层片晶团和γ晶粒组成的双态组织，在α2/γ层片晶团和γ晶粒的晶界交界处发现分布均匀的B2相，并且随着变形温度升高B2相数量逐渐减少。

After this, it crosses another boundary and enters Arborea, passes through the first layer, and finally disappears somewhere in that plane's second layer, Ossa.

之后，她穿过另一条分界线到达植物界，在流过第一层后，最终消失在第二层奥萨山。

After the success of entrepreneurs, there are two general state of mind: a good use of their business people to wrap their own story, or rather the myth itself, with the words of the brand community is made of the personal brand, they generally are by journalists are mine to write their own special bitter experience, will be packaged as an entrepreneurial venture when the beginning of devout Buddhists like a pilgrimage, like the hearts of God in every step Koushou; this way, with as much natural, naturally big reputation, personal value of the natural high, though to be really successful is also a layer of gold plating, as shone countless young men in pursuit of wealth, race and worship feel fake.

创业者成功后一般有两种心态：一种人善于利用自己的创业故事来包装自己，或者说是神话自己，用品牌界的话来说，就是将个人做成品牌，他们一般都通过记者们的手笔将自己的经历写得特苦，将创业者包装成一个在创业伊始时就虔诚得像个朝圣的佛教徒一样，心中有神在，一步三叩首；这样一来，跟随着自然多了，名气也自然大了，个人价值也自然高了，成功者也真得仿佛被镀了一层金一样，照耀着无数追逐财富的青年们竞相摸仿与崇拜。

After selective extraction, the cyst wall of two kind of resting cysts displayed a filament network. In the resting cysts of Tachysoma pellionella and Euplotes encysticus, the filament was located in mesocyst and endocyst respectively. On the other hand, a special filament scaffold region was observed below the cyst wall in two kind of cysts. Compared with the true IF which was located in central part of cyst, the filament of this region was net as well as uniform, and no any cytoplasm residue can be seen in this region. In the resting cyst of Euplotes encysticus, a filamental boundry which partitioned the special filament scaffold region and the true IF region was observed.

两类休眠包囊的包囊壁经生化分级抽提后均显示纤维结构，急纤虫休眠包囊中纤维定位于中间层，包囊游仆虫休眠包囊中纤维定位于内层壁；其次，在两类休眠包囊的包囊壁下，相当于细胞质表质层的位置，均有一个特殊的纤维网络区，与细胞质深层的网络区相比，此部分的纤维纯净、均匀，未见附着细胞器及细胞质残留物，在包囊游仆虫休眠包囊中此纤维网络区与真正的细胞质纤维网络之间由纤维构成的界膜隔开。

The coarsened long strip-like Cu6Sn5 with a length of more than 80μm growing from upper interface of IMC layer to solder matrix and its length of more than 80μm in the matrix are observed in the solder with 1.5wt-%Cu addition after thermal storage.

在含Cu量大於1.0 wt%时，会有金属间化合物Cu6Sn5在焊料内析出，大小随Cu量的增加而增大，当添加量达最高的1.5 wt% Cu时，焊料在长时间热储存后，从焊料/Cu界面的IMC层上表面向焊料成长的Cu6Sn5长度超过80μm，而焊料内最长的甚至超过100μm。

A sample is put on the table which is processed into a inclined plane on the filmed plane, and two interfaces of a film are focalized, then the thickness is read out that is a difference between the heights of two interfaces of a film.

将实验样品的覆膜面打磨成斜面后平放在金相显微镜样品台上，分别对膜层的两个界面对焦，从对焦旋钮上读出两焦面的高度差即为膜层的厚度。

After 10h ball milling, the alloy of carbonyl iron and carbonyl nickel began to form, and the sample kept its original bcc and fcc structure; after 100h ball milling, the sample became a solid solution with bcc structure; after 200h ball milling, the diffraction peak of Ni almost disappeared and the isotropic grains with D achieved, which was mainly attributed to the dislocations and disclinations of the nanocrystalline bcc FeNi suffering from severe plastic deformation by ball milling.

球磨10h时，羰基铁和羰基镍开始形成合金，但大部分Fe、Ni原子仍分别以bcc结构和fcc结构存在。球磨100h时，样品以bcc结构的FeNi合金为主，球磨200h后，样品中fcc结构Ni特征峰几乎消失，FeNi纳米晶达到最小粒径的平衡值，~8nm。高能球磨过程中，晶界区域的层错缺陷是合金化和纳米晶形成的重要因素。

Methods: The flap in the treatment group was wrapped in several layers of gauze and fixed with plaster ring with their upper edge exceeding distal flaps 1cm and lower edge on proximal, with 6-8 layers of plaster in flap, the rest of the 3 to 4 layers.

治疗组以数层纱布包裹皮瓣后，石膏环形固定，上界超过皮瓣远端1cm，下界平皮瓣近端，皮瓣处置6～8层石膏，其余部分3～4层。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。