后生动物

Particular configurations on bedding planes and on the surface perpendicular to the bedding planes lead to different explanations for the genesis of these silty dykes:(1) they are considered as the oldest trace fossils of metazoan according to the spindle-crack of siltstones on the bedding plane and the sand-filling tube configurations on the surface perpendicular to the bedding plane;(2) they are considered as the liquefied sand-veins induced by earthquake according to the sinuous configuration of siltstone dykes on the surface perpendicular to the bedding plane and the obvious liquation feature.

由于该粉砂岩岩墙在层面上和层内具有特别的形态，因而对其成因具有多种解释：在层面上呈纺锤状粉砂岩裂缝以及在层内呈砂质充填管形态，从而被认为是最古老的后生动物遗迹化石；在层内呈弯弯曲曲的粉砂岩岩墙以及明显的流体化作用特点，所以又被解释为地震振荡作用形成的液化砂岩脉。

This Review discusses current advances in our understanding of the origin, biogenesis, and mode of action of plant miRNAs and draws comparisons with their metazoan counterparts.

本文对植物miRNAs的生物起源和作用模式进行了讨论，并对与它们配对的后生动物进行了对比。

The measured composition of the communities included bacteria,fungi,algae,protozoa and some metazoa.

所研究的微型生物主要包括细菌、真菌、藻类和原生动物，此外也包括一些小型的后生动物，如轮虫等。

The late Neoproterozoic is an important period of biological evolution; and the emergence of metazoa is a representative event, which marked the history of biology evolution having entered a new era.

这一时期是地球上早期生命演化的重要时期，特别是宏观后生动物的出现标志着生物演化史进入了一个新纪元。

Furthermore, microscopic observation of biofilm and aerobic granules revealed much presence of protozoa and metazoa on the biofilm and suspended sludge,and this long food chain can contribute to the sludge reduction. Only 0.175 5 of sludge yields （MLSS/CODremoved） was obtained in the experiment, which was only about 50% of the conventional aerobic processes.

此外，镜检表明好氧颗粒污泥与生物膜均聚集大量的原生动物和后生动物，形成较长和较稳定的食物链，有利于污泥减量，运行过程中污泥产率（MLSS/CODremoved）为0.175 5，仅为普通好氧工艺的50%左右。

Factors determine the lifespan of metazoan animals.

因素决定的寿命后生动物。

Control of nuclear localization by transport signals is fully demonstrated by classic examples from metazoan NF-kB and p53 signaling.

被运输信号控制的核定位完全被来自于后生动物的NF-κB和P53信号所证明。

A large body of evidence indicates that metazoan innate immunity is regulated by the nervous system, but the mechanisms involved in the process and the biological significance of such control remain unclear.

大量证据表明后生动物的先天免疫系统受到神经系统的调节，但是具体的机制以及这种调节的生物学意义仍不清晰。

Soil nematodes are the most abundant metazoan, which have various types of life-history and feeding habits, and play a key role in soil food web.

线虫作为土壤中数量最丰富的后生动物，其生活史和取食类型多样，在生态系统中发挥着重要作用。

Studies to estimate the origin time of the Metazoa using molecular data have been steadily increasing in recent years.

后生动物是起源于&寒武纪大爆发&还是经历了一个相对较长的前寒武时期一直是动物进化史上的不解之谜。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。