后生

Different secondary layers of fossil brachiopod shells have different preservation and the way by which the shells' primary isotope ratios be influenced by diagenesis: postdepositional alternation of δ〓O、δ〓C has no effect on the low-Mg calcite minerals of the shells, while it alters the whole shell's isotopic compositions by microcrack fillings, even with the well preserved shells.

1成岩后生作用对腕足化石壳体不同结构单元的改造方式及改造程度不同：成岩后生作用对保存较好的腕足化石壳体的改造是以微裂隙充填方式进行，而对低镁方解石本身并没有影响。

The Wenghui biota, which is found in the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation in Northeast Guizhou, is composed mainly of macroalgae (18 species of 15 genera, one unnamed macroalgae, and macroalgal holdfast forms described herein), and contains macroscopic metazoan, putative metazoan and trace fossils. This biota not only contains some elements of the Miaohe biota from West Hubei, the Lantian flora from South Anhui, the Ediacara fauna in Australia, and the White Sea biota in Russia, but also has its own characters to distinguish other Ediacaran biota.

产自于黔东北伊迪卡拉系陡山沱组的瓮会生物群生活环境应在贫氧的、透光性良好的浅海低能环境，以宏体藻类为主，共描述15属18种（其中包括3个新属、5个新种、2个修定属和4个修定种）和1个未命名藻以及不明藻类固着器，另包含有宏体后生动物，可能的后生动物以及遗迹化石。

The appearance and subsequent diversification of biomineralization in Metazoa have long been a puzzle for geologists and palaeobiologists. Various hypotheses have been proposed, but none seems to be satisfying.

后生动物骨骼化是地质历史时期最重要的生命创新事件之一，后生动物是何时，以何种方式形成了最早的骨骼，骨骼化的动因是什么，一直是地学界难解之迷。

Therefore, the appearance of macroscopic algae not only improved the environment and played an essential support for the growth and propagation of the metazoan which depended on oxygen, but also provided a new food source that served as a new basis in the ecosystem for metazoans evolution and development.

因此，陡山沱期的宏体植物不仅改善了环境，为依赖一定氧而生活、生长和繁殖的后生动物给予了必要的支持，而且作为生态系统中的必要基础，为宏体后生动物的快速发展和演化提供了一个新的食物源。

Rotifer, wireworm exist in zoogloea at salt concentrations of 10000 mg/L while protozoa and metazoan disappeared when calcium chloride concentration is 30000 mg/L.

菌胶团中的微生物种类随着盐度的升高而减少，在盐度为10000mg/L时，有轮虫、线虫多种原生动物和后生动物，当盐度为30000mg/L时，菌胶团中的原生动物和后生动物消失。

Bryozoa is an important group of metazoan animals which has received relatively little attention regarding their origin, phylogenetic relationship with other metazoan phyla and its internal phylogeny.

苔藓动物是后生动物中的一个重要类群。然而，和其它主要后生动物类群相比，长期以来对它的系统学研究却相对滞后。其起源、系统发生地位以及与其它后生动物门类之间、其内部各高级分类群间的谱系发生关系一直存在争议。

Some environmental factors could confer a predisposition to depression by affecting the genome epigenetically — for example, increased maternal care in rodents causes an epigenetic change in the promoter region of the glucocorticoid-receptor gene.

一些环境因子可能赠予抑郁易感性，累及后生染色体—例如，在啮齿动物的糖皮质激素受体基因启动子区增加母体的忧虑可引起后生变化。

The three kinds of associated minerals have implied the characteristic mineral combination of volcanic tuffaceous alteration, which illustrated the reliable deposition of the contemporaneous palaeovolcano events and signified the diagenetic epigenetic alteration records in the volcanic tuffaceous matters transiting from the acidic environment to the alkaline environment.

这三种矿物共生构成火山凝灰质蚀变的特征矿物组合，是同生期古火山事件的可靠沉积和成岩后生蚀变记录，也是火山凝灰物质成岩后生条件由酸性过渡到碱性的古环境转变的标型记录。

Vasostomy can reverse germ cell apoptosis due to Vasoligation; Bcl-2 gene inhibited apoptosis of spermatogenic cells; Vasoligation and Vasostomy have a effect on transcript level regulation of Bcl-2 gene

大鼠输精管阻断所致的生精细胞凋亡加剧现象是可复的，阻断解除后生精细胞凋亡逐渐减轻并恢复至阻断前水平；Bcl-2基因在输精管复通后生精细胞凋亡减轻中发挥了抗凋亡作用；输精管阻断及复通过程中存在Bcl-2基因转录水平的调节。

From the development of the Carboniferous reefs, the metazoan framework reefs and the reefs dominated by microbes and calcareous algae may be two parallelling evolution reef ecosystems. The development of the metazoan framework reefs after the extinction event reflects an obvious evolutionary lag time. The recovery of the reef-building communities dominated by microbes and calcareous algae became faster after the extinction event.

从石炭纪整个生物礁的发展情况来看，后生动物骨架礁与以微生物和钙藻为主导的生物礁或许是两个平行发展的礁系统，后生动物骨架礁的发展在大规模生物灭绝事件之后有明显的演化滞后现象，以钙藻和微生物为主导的造礁群落的复苏在生物灭绝事件之后更为迅速。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。