后牙

The microconsistency of enamel surface before and after treatment , after anti-caries test was measured by type MH-5 durometer.

采用MH-5型显微硬度计测量处理前、处理后及抗龋实验后牙釉质标本的显微硬度，观察牙釉质显微硬度的变化。

A two-stage posterior subapical osteotomy was used to reestablish the intermaxillary space. Following orthodontic treatment and implant placement, the patient regained occlusal harmony and normal masticatory function.

经分析拟定其治疗计划为：上颚后牙区以门诊手术进行二阶段的后上颚根尖截骨术，增加颚问垂直距离，并以局部矫正装置改正咬合平面，最后利用人工植牙方式来制作补缀物，来恢复病患的咀嚼功能。

In this case, we tried to use the alveolar bone splitting technique with the Piezosurgery, and the incison line was put in the alveolar ridge as lingually as possible that the integrity of the cortical plate of the alveolar ridge is reserved in the buccal side. Because the resistance to the mesial movement of the posterior teeth is greatly decreased, the possibility of the root resorption or dehiscence is reduced, and the stability after the orthodontic treatment would be improved while the height and width of the alveolar bone increase.

本病例尝试以超音波骨刀，於缺牙区进行齿槽骨劈开手术，其切线尽可能靠近齿槽之舌侧，以使齿槽上的皮质骨板可完整置於颊侧；这样当后牙向前牵引时，才不会因皮质骨板而阻碍前进及牙根被吸收或裂开，同时也能增加齿槽骨之高度与宽度，亦可使矫正后的牙齿更加稳定。

The contrctile tension of the masster muscles increased and the contraction time shortened, while that of the digastric muscles increased and prolonged.

戴上颌切牙〓平面板打开下颌分开后牙咬〓后，嚼肌收缩张力增加，收缩速度加快；二腹肌前腹收缩张力增加，但收缩速度变慢。

Judging from the improved degrees of occlusion relationship,it seems that the improvement of anterior segment is better than that of posterior segment;the improvement of intraarch relationship is better than that of interarch: the improvement of buccal relationship is better than that of lingual.

合关系的改善程度，是前牙优于后牙；牙合内优于牙合间，颊侧优于舌侧。

This simplified method combined with crown lengthening procedure and occlusal rehabilitation, the problems of insufficient interarch space and gummy smile were resolved without neither orthodontic treatment nor alteration of the occlusal vertical dimension.

本病例报告为一女性患者因长期局部缺牙，因而丧失赝复空间，在不改变其咬合垂直高度为前提下，施行上颚半口及下颚后牙之牙冠增长术，并提高其咬合平面，最后上颚以固定式局部义齿、下颚以固定式义齿合并植牙来赝复，赝复空间不足的问题已解决，病人微笑时过多牙龈暴露的情形也获得改善。

Results: After 6~7 months the dentures in crowded patients were arranged neatly, the upper first molars were moved 0.31mm mesially evenly, and the upper incisors were moved 0.20mm labially evenly.

结果：成人牙列拥挤患者6～7个月后牙列排齐整平，上颌第一磨牙向近中整体前移，其冠部平均前移了0.31mm，上颌切牙冠部向唇侧平均倾斜移动约0.20mm。

There was significant difference of △E between group A and C on the 28th day (P.05). CONCLUSION: Tooth colour would relapse after beaching in natural saliva, artificial saliva and deionized water, which may be related to the alternation of the tooth structure.

在体外条件下，牙漂白后颜色可发生回复，1周达到稳定；颜色回复可能与漂白后牙体组织矿物质结构的改变有关。

Place short and long food chips in posterior occlusion of unilateral left side. When the masticated load was 3、5、7 kg, the displacement of abutments was measured by a LB-high sensitive laser transferring detector to calculate displacement, inclination and torsion of the abutment in mesial-distal, labial lingual and vertical and horizontal directions.

分别在左侧后牙区放置长、短食物片的咬合状态下，负载3 kg、5 kg、7 kg咬合力时，用高精度半导体激光位移测量仪测量并计算出同侧基牙在近远中向、颊舌向的水平位移和倾斜、垂直向的位移和水平旋转，统计分析不同牙尖斜度对基牙位移的影响。

Methods 96teeth with pulpitis or periapical periodontitis were instrumented by handling ProTaper rotary instruments using step-down technique,and by K files using step-back technique for control.All teeth were obturated with lateral condensation methods.The efficiency of preparation was analyzed with ra-diographs before and after operation.

选取患有牙髓炎和根尖周炎的后牙96例，随机分成试验组和对照组各48例，试验组用手用ProTaper多锥度镍钛旋转器械逐步伸入法预备根管，对照组用K锉，逐步后退法预备根管，两组均用侧向加压充填法充填根管，根据治疗前后的X线片，评价后牙根管预备效果。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。