后消化道

Fruit cellulose is plant cell wall is main make component, it is not a kind of nutriment, but after human body is absorbed, it namely bibulous expand, the harmful component in adsorptive food, exciting intestines and stomach wriggles, help aid digestion, accelerate excrete inside body, shorten the time that harmful material takes place inside body, achieve the goal that prevents disease of intestines and stomach finally, have active sense to preventing enteron cancer.

水果纤维素是植物细胞壁的主要构成成份，它不是一种营养素，但在人体摄入后，它即吸水膨胀，吸附食物中的有害成份，刺激肠胃蠕动，帮助消化，加快体内排泄，缩短有害物质在体内留置的时间，最终达到预防肠胃疾病的目的，对于预防消化道癌症有积极的意义。

Methods The experimental model of mice with PDS was induced by rhubarb decoction. Then the mice were treated with three dosages of SJZD (12.5, 25, and 37.5 g/kg), respectively. The body weight, body temperature, mean retention time of chyme in digestive tract, gastric emptying velocity, gastrin and motilin levels, and visceral index of mice were measured.

方法大黄煎液制备小鼠脾虚证模型后，以3种剂量(12.5、25、37.5g/kg)的四君子汤进行治疗，测定小鼠体重、体温、消化道内食糜平均滞留时间、胃排空速率、胃泌素与胃动素水平、脾脏和胸腺脂数。

objectiveto investigate the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic duodenal rupture.methodthe clinical data of 13 patients with traumatic duodenal rupture hospitalized from may 1991 to december 2008 were retrospectively analyzed,and the material cause was automobile accident mainly.resultsin these 13 patients,after hospitalization,6 cases were diagnosed in 3 hours,4 cases were diagnosed in 24～72 hours,and 3 cases were diagnosed after 72 hours.three cases with duodenal cleft repair,2 cases with duodenal ostomy,2 cases with duodenum and jejunum roux-en-y anastomosis,1 case with duodenal diverticular surgery,1 case with meliorative duodenal diverticular surgery,1 case with duodenal broken ends closure and anastomosis of stomach with jejunum,1 case with duodenal distal closure and anastomosis of duodenal local with jejunum,and 2 cases with resections of pancreas duodenum.after the operation,6 cases (46.2%) appeared some complications of wound infection,duodenal fistula,digestive tract hemorrhage,pancreatic fistula,abdomen infection and so on.two cases (15.4%) died from multiple system organ failure and septic shock.conclusionthe early diagnosis and correct operation style selection are the keys for duodenal rupture.

目的：探讨外伤性十二指肠破裂的诊断和治疗方法。方法：回顾分析外伤性十二指肠破裂患者13例临床资料。结果：入院后3 h内确诊6例，24～72 h内确诊4例，72 h后确诊3例。3例行十二指肠裂口修补，2例行十二指肠造瘘，2例行十二指肠空肠roux-en-y吻合，1例行十二指肠憩室化手术，1例行改良十二指肠憩室化手术，1例行十二指肠两断端关闭、胃空肠吻合，1例行十二指肠远端关闭、近端与空肠端侧吻合，2例行胰十二指肠切除术。术后6例(46.2%)出现切口感染、十二指肠瘘、消化道出血、胰瘘或腹腔感染等并发症，2例(15.4%)患者死亡，分别死于多器官系统衰竭和感染中毒性休克。结论：早期诊断与正确的术式选择是成功救治外伤性十二指肠破裂的关键。

The digestive tract was distinctively divided into buccopharyngeal cavity, esophagus, stomach, anterior intestine and posterior intestine at 1-2 days after hatching coinciding with the time of first feeding. The stomach was divided into cardiac, fundic and pyloric regions. The gall bladder was obvious.

孵出后1-2 d的仔鱼，消化系统已发育较完备，消化道分化为口咽腔、食道、胃、前肠和后肠，胃分化为贲门部、基底部和幽门部，胆囊明显，仔鱼开口摄食而进入混合营养阶段。

The introduction combines traditional Chinese and Western medicine below the experience of enteritis of noxiousness of fine ailment of remedial Tibet mastiff, in order to offer reference. 1 hair sick condition and clinical expression ill dog are 2~4 month more age young dog, majority is come on suddenly, anorexia or abandon absolutely, mental depressed, systemic symptom worsens quickly, produce acuteness sex vomiting and diarrhoea, puke is first feed rotten, afterwards is yellow or olive bubble mucus and hematic type thing, have diarrhoea dung has the sticky stiff thing of grey yellow, turn after for rare dung of effluvial shape of embedded mucous membrane, then shows hematic dysentery, because ill dog is acuteness vomiting and diarrhoea are rapid dehydration, eyeball cave in, temperature is shown two-way and calorific,℃ of the 40~41 at the beginning of disease, 1~2d falls it is normal to come, after 3~4d answer elevatory, die very quickly next, 4~5d of course of diseases, the temperature when on one's deathbed drops more to normal temperature the following. Bottom of stomach of dog of die in one's bed of 2 analyse check has haemorrhage sex inflammation, show cardinal, small intestine mucous membrane falls off, alvine wall attenuates, there is gules mucus inside, mix inside large intestine have show wine blood excrement and urine, there are a lot of haemorrhage places on mucous membrane, haemorrhage of rectum mucous membrane is more, mesentery lymph node enlargement, sometimes afterwards sends intussusception, alvine tangent plane bleeds, cardiac muscle is loose, color becomes weak, cystic plentiful, liver is qualitative fragile and brittle. 3 diagnose 3.1 epidemiology to diagnose this ill much hair at young dog, rather dog of epidemic disease have an inoculation feels the most easily, be affected directly or affect secondhand, basically pass enteron infection, this disease all can happen all the year round, but with cold...

下面介绍中西医结合治疗藏獒细小病毒性肠炎的心得，以供参考。1发病情况和临床表现病犬多为2~4月龄幼犬，多数为忽然发病，食欲减退或废绝，精神沉郁，全身症状急剧恶化，发生剧烈性呕吐和腹泻，呕吐物先为食糜，继为黄色或黄绿色泡沫黏液和血样物，泻粪有灰黄色的黏稠物，后转为恶臭的内含黏膜状稀粪，继而呈血痢，由于病犬剧烈呕吐和腹泻迅速脱水，眼球下陷，体温呈双向发热，病初40~41℃，1~2d降至正常，3~4d后又复升高，然后很快死亡，病程4~5d，临死时体温多下降至常温以下。2剖检病死犬胃底部有出血性炎症，呈深红色，小肠黏膜脱落，肠壁变薄，内有红色黏液，大肠内混有呈暗红色血液粪便，黏膜上有许多出血点，直肠黏膜出血较多，肠系膜淋巴结肿大，有时继发肠套叠，肠切面出血，心肌松软，颜色变淡，胆囊充盈，肝质脆而易碎。3诊断3.1流行病学诊断本病多发于幼犬，未免疫接种犬最易感，直接感染或间接感染，主要通过消化道感染，该病一年四季均可发生，但以寒。。。

The number of CD〓 and CD〓 lymphocytes subpopulation, ANAE〓 T cells and IgG, IgM, IgA antibody-producing cells in the local immune tissues (cecal tonsils and Harderian glands), the content of IgA, lgM, IgG in the local fluid (tear, tracheal fluid, intestinal fluid and bile) of chicks infected with CIAV were significantly decreased compared with controls 7～28 days PI.

1日龄雏鸡感染CIAV后28天内，哈德尔腺和盲肠扁桃体的ANAE〓及CD〓、CD〓T细胞和IgA、IgM、IgG抗体生成细胞数量以及泪液、气管液、肠液、胆汁的IgA、IgM、IgG含量均明显低于对照雏鸡，表明CIAV感染雏鸡后，其呼吸道和消化道局部粘膜的细胞免疫和体液免疫机能均下降，这与CIAV感染雏鸡对其它某些病原易感性提高密切相关。

The dynamic changes of the number of T or B lymphocytes and the content of immunoglobulin G, IgM, IgA in peripheral blood, the number of CD〓, CD〓 lymphocyte subpopulation, T〓 cells and IgG, IgM, IgA antibody-producing cells, the ratios of CD〓 and CD〓 T cells in immune organs (thymus, bursa of Fabricius and spleen) and immune tissues (cecal tonsils and Harderian glands), the content of IgA, IgM, IgG in local fluid (tear, tracheal fluid, intestinal fluid and bile) of one-day chicks infected with chicken infectious anemia virus and CIAV-infected chicks immunized with Newcastle disease vaccine were determined respectively by immunohistochemistry, immunogold-silves and immunoenzyme staining in order to reveal mechanism of immunopathogenesis of chicks infected with CIAV and influence of immune responses of CIAV-infected chicks to ND vaccine.

中文题名雏鸡感染鸡传染性贫血病毒后免疫变化和对新城疫疫苗的应答及其免疫机理副题名外文题名 Immune changes of chicks infected with chicken infectious anemia virus and immune response and mechanism to Newcastle disease vaccine immunity 论文作者郑世民导师刘忠贵教授学科专业基础兽医学研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位东北农业大学学位授予日期2002 论文页码总数105页关键词鸡传染性贫血病雏鸡新城疫疫苗馆藏号BSLW /2003 /S858 /9 本项研究采用免疫组织化学、免疫胶体金及免疫酶方法，首次对CIAV感染1日龄雏鸡和CIAV感染雏鸡ND疫苗免疫及vNDV攻击后，其外周血液的T细胞、B细胞数量和IgG、IgM、IgA含量；中枢免疫器官胸腺和法氏囊，外周免疫器官脾脏及呼吸道和消化道局部粘膜免疫组织哈德尔腺和盲肠扁桃体的ANAE〓、CD4〓、CD〓T细胞、IgG、IgM、IgA抗体生成细胞数量和CD〓与CD〓T细胞比值以及泪液、气管液、肠液、胆汁的IgA、IgM、IgG含量的动态变化规律和CIAV感染对ND疫苗的免疫保护率等进行了全面系统地研究。

Methods15 patients with burn area of (38±15)% and with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhagic stress ulcer received surgical procedures, including sutured hemostasis, pyloroplasty, selective vagotomy, or subtotal gastrectomy, and so on, between 4 to 12 days after burn.

方法烧伤后上消化道应激性溃疡大出血患者15例，烧伤面积(38±15)%，出血部位12例位于十二指肠，3例位于胃。手术时间在伤后4～12天，手术方式为缝扎止血、幽门成形、选择性迷走神经切断、溃疡外旷置术或胃大部分切除术。

Objective To discuss the methods and effects of the treatment under endoscope and the courses of massive hemorrhage of upper digestive tract after gastrectomy and esophagectomy.Methods Emergency endoscope ex-amination were carried out in20massive hemorrhage clients after gastrectomy and esophagectomy,after exposed and washed the bleeding part by cold0.9%NS,1∶10000adrenaline and hypertonic saline were injected in perifocal sub-mucosa.After stop bleeding and before move back the endoscope,spray some YunNanBaiYao and thrombase in the bleeding part to prevent secondary hemoorahge.

目的 探讨食管、胃切除术后上消化道出血的原因及内镜下治疗的方法、效果方法对食管、胃切除术后引起大出血的患者行急症内镜检查，用冰冻生理盐水100ml+去甲肾上腺素8mg反复冲洗，暴露出血部位后在病灶周围黏膜下注射1∶10000肾上腺素及高渗盐水，无出血后，退镜于出血部位喷洒云南白药及凝血酶，防止再次出血。

Four 4-month-old wethers fitted with heal cannulas were fed a constant concentrate and a hay in baled, long chopped (4~6 cm, LCH), short chopped (1~3 cm, SCH) and fine ground (0.5 cm, FGH) form in a 4×4 Latin square design to evaluate the effects of forage particle size on nutrient digestion in the hindgut and total tract of sheep.

为探讨粗饲料颗粒度对反刍动物饲粮养分在后肠道及全消化道消化的影响，本试验将饲粮中的粗料青干草进行整草、长铡草（4~6cm，长草）、短铡草（1~3cm，短草）和粉碎（0.5cm，粉草）4种颗粒度的机械加工后进行定量饲喂（4×4拉丁方试验）。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。