后正中的

After anesthesia, the guinea pigs'scalp surface was exposed and two stainless screws (5 mm length and 1.2 mm diameter) were implanted at 6 mm in front of and 10 mm behind bregma, as reference electrode and recording electrode. In the middle, a third stainless screw was implanted as ground electrode. 3 days later, awaked guinea pigs were fixed in multifunctional head-body apparatus. RETI-port system was used to record PVEP of control group and experiment group.

麻醉后，在前囟前6 mm、后10 mm及矢状缝正中处钻孔，均植入长5 mm、直径1.2 mm的不锈钢螺钉作为参考电极、记录电极和地极。3 d后，将清醒状态下的豚鼠固定于自制多功能头身一体化固定台面上，采用RET I-port系统(Roland Consult，德国)分别记录对照组和实验组图形视觉诱发电位的变化。

Results ①Compared to sham group, ISH and IHC of rat hypothalamic CRHshow positive cells numbers increase, positive areas enlarge and average gray scaledecreases, which reveals the expression of hypothalamic CRH neurons enhances afterPX;②The enhancement of ISH and IHC of hypothalamic CRH in PX rats aftermelatonin supplementation dose-dependently recovers, but it can't return to be normaleither in high dose group or in low dose group and either at 4th week or at 8th week;③IHC of CRH in median eminence of neurohypophysis shows positive areas enlargeand average gray scale decreases, which reveals the releasing of CRH fromhypothalamic CRH neurons increases;④ELISA of CRH in serum shows thedifferences of CRH concentrations among all groups are not significant, which indicates PX and melatonin supplementation have no significant effect on CRH levels.

结果： ①松果体摘除后大鼠下丘脑室旁核CRH 原位杂交和免疫组化的结果与假手术对照组相比均显示阳性细胞数增多、阳性面积增加、平均灰度降低，提示松果体摘除后下丘脑CRH 神经元的表达增强；②松果体摘除大鼠补充褪黑素后，下丘脑CRH 原位杂交和免疫组化染色增强呈剂量依赖性恢复，不过不论是低剂量组还是高剂量组，也不论是术后4 周还是术后8周，均不能恢复至正常；③松果体摘除后神经垂体正中隆起CRH 免疫组化结果显示阳性面积增加、平均灰度降低，提示下丘脑CRH 神经元释放CRH 增加；④ELISA 法检测血清CRH结果示各组血清CRH 浓度差异没有显著性，表明松果体摘除及补充褪黑素对血清CRH 水平没有显著影响。

Results ①Compared to sham group, ISH and IHC of rat hypothalamic CRHshow positive cells numbers increase, positive areas enlarge and average gray scaledecreases, which reveals the expression of hypothalamic CRH neurons enhances afterPX;②The enhancement of ISH and IHC of hypothalamic CRH in PX rats aftermelatonin supplementation dose-dependently recovers, but it can't return to be normaleither in high dose group or in low dose group and either at 4th week or at 8th week;③IHC of CRH in median eminence of neurohypophysis shows positive areas enlargeand average gray scale decreases, which reveals the releasing of CRH fromhypothalamic CRH neurons increases;④ELISA of CRH in serum shows thedifferences of CRH concentrations among all groups are not significant, whichindicates PX and melatonin supplementation have no significant effect on CRH levels.

结果： ①松果体摘除后大鼠下丘脑室旁核CRH 原位杂交和免疫组化的结果与假手术对照组相比均显示阳性细胞数增多、阳性面积增加、平均灰度降低，提示松果体摘除后下丘脑CRH 神经元的表达增强；②松果体摘除大鼠补充褪黑素后，下丘脑CRH 原位杂交和免疫组化染色增强呈剂量依赖性恢复，不过不论是低剂量组还是高剂量组，也不论是术后4 周还是术后8周，均不能恢复至正常；③松果体摘除后神经垂体正中隆起CRH 免疫组化结果显示阳性面积增加、平均灰度降低，提示下丘脑CRH 神经元释放CRH 增加；④ELISA 法检测血清CRH结果示各组血清CRH 浓度差异没有显著性，表明松果体摘除及补充褪黑素对血清CRH 水平没有显著影响。

The relationships among the targeted neurovascular structures were described and the difference between the median and paramedian infratentorial-supracerebellar approaches were analyzed. Results: The median infratcntorial-supracerebellar approaches provided direct exposure of the incisural space, although culmen represented a relative obstacle to expose of the quadrigeminat area.

结果：正中幕下小脑上入路直接暴露厂后切迹间隙，但山于小脑对视野的阻碍，限制了四叠体板下半部分的暴露；旁正中幕下小脑上入路视野范围集中在中切迹水平的脑干背外侧面区域，且可以观察到同侧的上、下丘。

METHODS: Rabbit models of autogenous vein graft were generated in both groups. After anaesthesia, a median incision was made at the neck to dissociate external jugular vein and common carotid artery of the left side. Following blood flow was blocked at the upper and down sides of the common carotid artery, blood vessels were transected to collect 4.0-5.0 cm external jugular vein at the left side, and placed among the common carotid artery at the same side after inversion. End-to-end anastomosis was performed using discontinuous ecstrophy.

两组兔均建立自体静脉移植模型，麻醉后颈前正中切口，游离出左侧颈外静脉及颈总动脉，在颈总动脉的上下两端阻断血流后，横断血管，取左侧的颈外静脉4.0~5.0cm，上下倒向后置于同侧颈总动脉之间，采用间断外翻法行端端吻合。

Objective: To provide anatomic data for treating tumors in the posterior and middle tentorial incisural space through comparing anatomic features of the median and paramedian infratentorial-supracerebellar approaches. Methods: 10 formalin-fixed cadaveric specimens were dissected in steps by using the standard median and paramedian infratentorial-supracerebellar approaches under operating microscope respectively.

目的：通过正中和旁正中幕下小脑上入路的解剖学比较研究，为手术治疗小脑幕中和后切迹间隙的肿瘤提供解剖学基础方法：取10例福尔马林固定的尸头标本在手术显微镜下分别模拟正中和旁正中幕下小脑上入路进行逐步解剖，观察和比较不同手术入路所暴露的视野范围，描述重要解剖结构之间的关系。

In the maximal axial pulling-out force group, the hollow nails were directly implanted into 10 femoral neck samples after drilling at the axial center.

最大轴向拔出力实验分组，10个股骨颈在轴向正中钻孔后直接置入空心钉，另10个股骨颈在轴向正中钻孔后注入聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯骨水泥，然后置入带侧孔的空心钉。

In the maximal axial pulling-out force group, the hollow nails were directly implanted into 10 femoral neck samples after drilling at the axial center. The polymethyl methacrylate bone cement was inserted into other 10 femoral neck samples after drilling at the axial center, and the side-hole hollow nail were then implanted.

最大轴向拔出力实验分组，10个股骨颈在轴向正中钻孔后直接置入空心钉，另10个股骨颈在轴向正中钻孔后注入聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯骨水泥，然后置入带侧孔的空心钉。

Methods Three adult rat models were set up, including the model of total left brachial plexus root avulsion injury, the nerve transfer model of contralateral seventh cervical nerve root to median nerve, as well as the callosotomy model.

结果： 1、成年大鼠全臂丛根性撕脱伤后：（1）在双侧SmI记录SEP：不同时间段电刺激患爪正中神经支配区，在双侧SmI 均未诱发出SEP；电刺激健侧前爪正中神经支配区，在健爪同侧SmI未记录到SEP，只在其对侧SmI记录到SEP，且不同时间段的SEP位点数目均明显多于正常对照。

Along the winding mountain roads and on to the Peak, but see the deep green walls,diao liang hua dong ,hong zhu cornices, unique.qian dian the existing temple, the three permitted all three, the Temple Guardian Temple 1, Wan-dong and Shanmen, 2, Monk kilnsmu ta , Ling Yin ruins, such as three-ko.qian dian face south, the temple is located in the middle axis,dian qian Two monument erected the temple, built in the Qianlong sixteen years; Temple Guardian Templeqian dian house is located right in the middle of the permittedhou dian for the million, Inner Temple wall is complete, with high art, painting of the Heavenly Kings, like the Queen Mother, Monju, Fugen, as are 1.57 meters high, the proportion of moderate and natural, beautiful color and good facilities, rather than fine lines tangled complex, rigorous and lively layout;"Tang learn" vividly comic, realistic characters, new colors, easily sketched, are up-hing sent far-reaching effect of memorable art.

沿山路蜿蜒而上至山顶，但见红墙碧树深处，雕梁画栋，飞檐红柱，别具特色。寺院现存前殿、三佛殿各三间，韦驮殿一间，万宝洞及山门、二门、僧窑、墓塔、灵寅三层阁等遗迹。前殿面南，位于寺院中轴线正中，殿前竖庙碑二通，建于乾隆十六年；韦驮殿位于前殿屋后正中，后殿为万佛殿，内殿壁面十分完整，具有较高的艺术性，彩绘的天王像、王母像、文殊、普贤像均高1.57米，比例适中而自然，施彩艳丽而不俗，线条繁细而不紊，布局严谨而生动；&唐僧取经&连环画生动形象，人物逼真，色彩新颖，勾勒自如，均达到兴寄深远，回味无穷的艺术效果。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。