后天的

Recognition of microbial components by TLRs initiates signal transduction pathways, which triggers expression of genes. These gene products control innate immune responses and further instruct deelopment of antigen-specific acquired immunity.

机体能通过TLRs识别病原体成分引发的信号转导途径能激发体内的基因表达，这些基因产物能控制机体固有免疫反应，并进一步指导后天抗原特异性的获得性免疫的发展。

Patients with mech-anical injuries to corpus callosum, e,g., tumor compression, anterior or posterior cerebral artery infarction may have in neurological defects including left apraxia, left alexia or anomia to colors. Nevertheless, these symptoms may not occur in congenital corpus callosum agenesis, complete or incomplete.

胼胝体的后天缺损常造成患者左侧失用症及左侧失读症等右大脑无法取得左大脑资讯的症状；然而先天性胼胝体完全或部分缺损（complete or incomplete congenital corpus callosum agenesis）却不见得会有这些症状，相对的，它伴随其他症候群的机会则很大。

In this study, we showed that midlife dietary fat intake was related to cognitive performance, especially in domains of global cognitive function, semantic memory and psychomotor speed, and to the occurrence of MCI later in life.

本次研究表明，中年饮食中的脂肪摄入量与人的认知活动有关，尤其在如下的领域：整体认知功能，语义记忆，思维速度和后天生活的MCI活动等等。

Implicit within Tyler's definition is the concept that culture is learned, shared, and patterned behavior.

泰勒的文化定义蕴含着这一概念，即文化是后天习得的、人类共有的、被仿照的行为。

This is not only the temperament and personality dictates, in fact a person's acquired self-cultivation is very important, if you have knowledge and culture, you do not control their emotions like a. I do not mean that you no knowledge, no culture, in fact, not in a good temper, I especially loved the ignition.

答：这不仅是气质和个性的支配，实际上是人的后天修养是非常重要的，如果你有知识和文化，你无法控制自己的情绪像答我不是说你不知道，没有文化，其实，不是一个好脾气，我特别喜欢点火。

However, optimists are not born, they are made.

然而，乐观的人并不是天生的，他们是后天塑造的。

In fact, while the tendency to play is build into the human species, the actual ability to imagine, to invent, to elaborate and the ability m gain fulfillment from it, these are dulls that have to be learned and developed.

事实上，人类生性爱玩，但实实在在的想象、创新、精心策划能力以及从中获得成就感的能力，都是借要后天学习和培养的技能。

Sometimes you hear that kind of thing, when you're doing go-kart, but I don't remember.

你的天赋是天生的还是后天努力的？

Looking back on my childhood. I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made.

回顾我的童年，我确信自然学家是天生的而不是后天形成的。

After alleging that Rao was trying to cut off support for a discipline of science, Cui compared Rao's efforts to the activities of Trofim Lysenko — the Soviet 'state scientist' who in the 1940s used his close connections to the Soviet leadership to crush scientists who opposed his views.

崔克明就把饶毅比作李森科（译者注：前苏联生物学家和农学家，曾任苏联科学院遗传研究所所长，在其遗传理论中认为后天特征可以被继承），这位前苏联的&国家科学家&在二十世纪四十年代利用其与前苏联领导人的关系打击反对他观点的科学家。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。