后侧片

A 3- or 4-hole mini-fragment plate is then contoured to fit anteriorly along the lateral column of the humerus.

解剖学复位后，最终的固定要用2或3个微片或无头镙钉从侧向前以拉力方式植入。

At 12 weeks after operation, 68 tibias were confirmed as nonunion on the basis of radiographic findings.

12周后选择经X线片检查证实的 6 8侧胫骨骨不连接，随机分成两组进行研究。

objective:to study and analyze the features of lower limb fatigue fracture in the special force by means of radiodiag-nosis.methods:anterior-posterior and lateral films and clinical follow-ups were made to all the affected limbs in the56cases of lower limb fatigue fracture from june2003to feb.2006.results:through medical history and radiodiagnosis all the cases were giv-en definite diagnosis,achieved good treatment results and all had clinical follow-ups.the average length of clinical follow-ups was3months.following treatment,all patients returned to work and resumed training.conclusion:lower limb fatigue fracture finds a rather high incidence in the special force.special features could be seen in the x-ray film,which has obvious clinical significance in the differential diagnosis of other diseases.

摘要］ 目的：分析特种部队下肢疲劳骨折的x线特征性表现和鉴别诊断。方法：从2003年6月～2006年2月，对56例来院就诊治疗的下肢疲劳骨折的患者全部进行患肢x线正侧位片检查和随访。结果：本组病例依据病史和x线分析，均明确诊断，经治疗后效果好，全部获得随访，平均随访时间3个月；骨愈合时间1～2个月，全部恢复工作和训练。结论：下肢疲劳骨折在特种部队发病率高，x线片中具有特征性表现，与其他疾病的鉴别具有重要的临床意义。

The screw entry point was located at the tip of transverse process. The average inclination angle should be 10°-20° headward and 30°-40° toward neutral line respectively. The screw was inserted and entered into the vertebral body along the external cortex of pedicle. The integrity of cortical bone around screws, the distance to segmental blood vessels and the penetration of cortex were observed after operation to evaluate the accuracy and safety of screw placement. Among 160 thoracic pedicle screws that were implanted in 34 cases, 148 screws (92.5%) were accurately inserted inside the costotransverse unit, and 12 screws (7.5%) were misplaced according to the image of X-ray and CT thin-slice scan.

应用椎弓根外内固定技术2004/2007年在中山大学附属第三医院骨科治疗34例患者，固定前采用CT加密扫描测量进钉点、进钉点至椎体前缘的深度、进钉角度和直径，固定中椎弓根钉入点为横突尖，进钉方向为平均向头侧倾斜10°~ 20°、与中线成角30°~40°，顺椎弓根外侧皮质进入椎体，固定后CT加密扫描观察螺钉周围的皮质骨是否完整、是否靠近节段血管、是否穿透皮质骨，评价置入钉的准确性和安全性。34例患者共置入160枚胸椎椎弓根螺钉，固定后CT加密扫描和X射线片观察到148枚(92.5%)螺钉置入准确，12枚(7.5%)螺钉发生错置。

From 2004 to 2007, 34 cases were treated with extrapedicular screw fixation in Department of Orthopaedics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. The screw entry point, angle, depth and diameter were measured and defined on the thoracic vertebrae pedicle by CT thin-slice scan in standard prone for all cases before operation. The screw entry point was located at the tip of transverse process. The average inclination angle should be 10°-20° headward and 30°-40° toward neutral line respectively. The screw was inserted and entered into the vertebral body along the external cortex of pedicle. The integrity of cortical bone around screws, the distance to segmental blood vessels and the penetration of cortex were observed after operation to evaluate the accuracy and safety of screw placement.

应用椎弓根外内固定技术2004/2007年在中山大学附属第三医院骨科治疗34例患者，固定前采用CT加密扫描测量进钉点、进钉点至椎体前缘的深度、进钉角度和直径，固定中椎弓根钉入点为横突尖，进钉方向为平均向头侧倾斜10°~20°、与中线成角30°~40°，顺椎弓根外侧皮质进入椎体，固定后CT加密扫描观察螺钉周围的皮质骨是否完整、是否靠近节段血管、是否穿透皮质骨，评价置入钉的准确性和安全性。34例患者共置入160枚胸椎椎弓根螺钉，固定后CT加密扫描和X射线片观察到148枚(92.5%)螺钉置入准确，12枚(7.5%)螺钉发生错置。

At the contralateral side, an ischiac bone graft (baseline 3 4 0.87) was transplanted. The healing period was 5 months. Group A11: The animals were treated in the same manner as in Group A5 with the difference that the healing period was 11 months. Group B5: The animals were treated in the same manner as in Group A5 with the difference that an e-PTFE membrane was adapted oer the bone graft on each side of the jaw.

愈合时间为5个月。A11组：用与A5组相同的方法处理小鼠，愈合时间为11个月。B5组：处理小鼠的方法与A5组相同，在每侧颌骨的骨移植物上方各置一片e-PTFE膜。B11组：实验方法与B5组相同，但在骨移植5月后，进行第二次手术取出生物膜，愈合时间为11个月。z在下颌骨骨量增加后，分别于第5个月处死A5组及B5组的小鼠，第11月处死A11组及B11组的小鼠，取下颌骨标本，体式显微镜测量骨移植物的宽度、长度及高度。

METHODS: The subjects were 13 consecutive Class II osseous malocclusions with mandibular retrusion treated with fixed inclined biteplate.

13例骨性安氏II类错牙合下颌后缩患者，经固定斜面导板进行Ⅰ期矫治，分别在治疗前、治疗开始、治疗中、治疗后拍摄双侧TMJ的MRI片进行观察和测量。

Methods: Thirty-five sets of normal adult dry cervical vertebrae and 100 sets of X-ray and CT films were measured, including pedicle width, height, length, projection, pedicle-body angle, lateral mass width, height, thickness, the distance and angle between the central point on the back wall of the lateral mass and the foramina transverse foramen, the supra articular process-body angle.

对35套正常成人颈椎干燥骨标本以及100套X线片和CT片进行测量，包括椎弓根宽度、高度、长度、投影点位置、与椎体的夹角、侧块宽度、高度、厚度、后壁中心点与横突孔的距离和夹角、上关节突的倾角等。

Methods 96teeth with pulpitis or periapical periodontitis were instrumented by handling ProTaper rotary instruments using step-down technique,and by K files using step-back technique for control.All teeth were obturated with lateral condensation methods.The efficiency of preparation was analyzed with ra-diographs before and after operation.

选取患有牙髓炎和根尖周炎的后牙96例，随机分成试验组和对照组各48例，试验组用手用ProTaper多锥度镍钛旋转器械逐步伸入法预备根管，对照组用K锉，逐步后退法预备根管，两组均用侧向加压充填法充填根管，根据治疗前后的X线片，评价后牙根管预备效果。

METHODS: An open, randomized, twoperiod crossover study was conducted in 18 healthy volunteers. Concentrations of gatifloxacin in plasma were assayed by HPLC after a single oral dose of 400 mg of the tested capsules or the referenced tablets. The main pharmacokinetic parameters ［AUC（0-24h）, Cmax and Tmax］ were analyzed by two onesided t test. RESULTS: The concentrationtime curve after medication conformed to onecompartment open model with a first order absorption.

采用双周期随机交叉、自身对照试验设计法，将18例男性健康志愿者随机分为两组，分别单剂量口服甲磺酸加替沙星胶囊400 mg和甲磺酸加替沙星片400 mg，经1 w清洗期后交叉换药，以高效液相色谱法测定受试者服药后血浆中加替沙星的经时浓度，计算加替沙星药动学参数，以双单侧t检验统计法比较两种甲磺酸加替沙星制剂是否具有生物等效性。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。