名词短语

An appositive is a word or phrase that describes a noun it follows. An aside tells us something about the noun, but is not essential to defining the noun.

同位语是对它所跟随的名词进行描述的单词或短语，插入语告诉我们关于某个名词的一些事情，但对阐述该名词并不重要。

A study on these noun-centered exocentric constructions will not only deepen our understanding of Chinese phrases, rethink about the phrase-standarded opinions in the research of Chinese grammar, but also enrich and develop the theories of exocentric-endocentric construction and decategorization of nouns and then gain quite profound sense in these theories themselves and the applications of them.

研究这些名核离心结构不仅能深化我们对短语的认识，促使我们重新思考现代汉语语法研究中的短语本位论，更能丰富和发展离心结构、向心结构理论和名词非范畴化理论，深化相关的理论研究，具有相当明显的应用意义。

Guided by the theories of exocentric-endocentric construction and decategorization of nouns, the main purpose of this article is to study the phrases which are composed by nouns or centered by noun or nouns but not belonged to the category of endocentric constructions in modern Chinese. These noun-centered exocentric constructions have almost lost all of the categorial characteristics of nouns and played the roles of predicate or adverbial modifier or complement in Chinese clauses.

本文主要结合离心结构、向心结构理论和名词非范畴化理论；研究现代汉语中以名词构成或者以名词为核心的、结构上又不属于向心结构的短语，这些名核离心结构短语在语法功能上基本丧失了名词的范畴属性，在句子中一般充当谓语、状语或者补语。

In terms of the physiological characteristics of the zang organs the physiological function of the spleen is to govern the transportation and transformation of the essence of water and grain to make qi and blood.

2.3 利用以具有动词意义的名词为中心词的短语来翻译有些兼语式结构出现在主语中充当句子的一个成分，这种兼语式结构可以译成一个以具有动词意义的名词为中心词的短语。

Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent spiration.

句是由两个名词后各带一个介词短语构成的表语形成平行结构：smile on his lips 和geniality in his eyes，名词对应名词，介词对应介词，代词对应代词，最后又是两个名词互相对应。

The building of these giant iron and steel works will greatly accelerate the development of the iron and steel industry of our country.

许多名词化结构是由实义动词派生的名词作为中心名词并搭配介词短语构成，在翻译时根据汉语习惯可以还原成动词来译。

Firstly, we analyze animate noun from three semantic features of control; secondly, we compare the power of person, organization and location in order to check out their animacy; thirdly, using VP-internal Subject Hypothesis in Transformational and Generative Grammar, we investigate Chinese, Kachin and Hani of Tibeto-Burman languages and give out the animacy hierarchy of semantic roles; fourthly, we discuss the animacy of personal pronoun, referential pronoun, proper noun, general noun and abstract noun; fifthly, topic and subjectivity pay attention to the variation of animacy of noun in the paragraph from pragmatic and cognitive points of view respectively; sixthly, we compare the numerical representation of noun in Chinese and Tibetan and other Tibeto-Burman languages. The conclusion is drawn on the relationship between number and animacy; lastly, the influence of popularity on animacy is pointed out. The fifth part includes conclusion and questions leaving behind.

第一，自控度从、、三个语义特征考察名词的生命度；第二，权力度主要通过比较指人名词与机构名词、处所词的权力度大小来检验其生命度的高低；第三，题元角色是运用转换生成语法关于动词短语内部主语的假设，考察汉语和藏缅语族的景颇语和哈尼语，对题元角色的生命度等级序列进行排序；第四，定指度和指称、专有及抽象性主要是考察人称代词、指示代词、专有名词、普通名词和抽象名词的生命度高低；第五，话题和主观性分别从语用和认知两个角度考察名词生命度在语篇中的变化情况；第六，数范畴涉及汉语和藏缅语族的藏语、独龙语、羌语、普米语、景颇语和哈尼语，主要比较它们名词表数概念的差异，总结数范畴与生命度的关系；最后，列举了通俗度对汉语名词生命度的影响。

But when the uncountable noun is modified by and adjective or a prepositional phrase, it becomes countable and therefore can be modified by the indefinite article to refer to an individual or a specific type.

英语的不可数名词不能冠以不定冠词，但当不可数名词受到形容词或介词短语的修饰或限定时却变成可数名词，因而可以受到不定冠词的修饰，表示某种个别的或特殊的情况。

The uncountable noun should not be preceded by the indefinite article. But when the uncountable noun is modified by and adjective or a prepositional phrase, it becomes countable and therefore can be modified by the indefinite article to refer to an individual or a specific type.

英语的不可数名词不能冠以不定冠词，但当不可数名词受到形容词或介词短语的修饰或限定时却变成可数名词，因而可以受到不定冠词的修饰，表示某种个别的或特殊的情况。

Under the direction of Case Theory,the subject-predicate agreement and constraints on the definiteness of noun phrases in existential sentences are rediscussed in the light of case assignment and LF affix .

以格理论为指导，结合格传递说和 LF词缀说对存在句的一致问题和名词短语的确指问题进行再探讨，解释存在句的主谓一致受制于there和其后的NP，其后的NP大部分情况下是不确指的NP，但有时也有确指的NP。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。