同震的

This report involves our research works in the fields of coseismic earthquake stress triggering, fault activities, free oscillation of the earth, precursory changes prior to earthquakes and earthquake forecast.

本研究报告涉及同震应力触发地震、断层活动、地球自由振荡、地震前兆和地震预报等多方面，但是钻孔应力-应变观测是贯穿其中的主线。

As for coseismic deformation of Chi-Chi earthquake, the footwall of Chelungpu Fault moved southeastwards 0.3-1.5 m, and the value was increasing toward the fault; the hanging wall moved northwestwards 1.4-7.0 m, but the value was smaller south of the Choshui River. After the Chi-Chi earthquake, the hanging wall of Chelungpu Fault was still moving west-northwestwards and kept uplifting, while the footwall gradually changed direction from ESE to WSW or even WNW, clockwise resuming to inter-seismic deformation pattern. It is interesting to notice that despite the largest coseismic deformation in the northernmost segment of Chelungpu Fault, the post-seismic deformation peaked around the epicenter of Chi-Chi earthquake.

集集地震之同震变形，在车笼埔断层下盘向东南方向位移0.30~1.5 m，且越靠近断层位移量越大；车笼埔断层上盘则向西北方向大幅位移约1.4~7.0 m，浊水溪以南的位移量较小；集集地震以后之震后变形型态，以车笼埔断层为分界，上盘在震后向西北西方向位移的型态仍与同震时相同，下盘由同震时一致性的向东南东方向，逐步向西北西或西南西方向位移，亦即在车笼埔断层下盘有逐步依顺时针方向回归至震间的滑移型态；另就位移速率而言，虽然同震变形最大地区在车笼埔断层北端，但其震后的变形量最大地区，却集中於震央位置附近；就地震循环而言，震后的6年期间仍处於地层压密重整阶段，尚未回归至该区震间阶段的位移状态。

The vertical offsets are larger in the Shenxi Gou and the Bajiao Miao sections,reaching locally 5～6m in maxima,and generally lower in the Miaoba section,1～2m or less. Near the Gaoyuan village,the surface rupture consists of two subparallel branches. The northern branch shows mostly rightlateral slip with minor SE sideup thrusting,and the southern one mostly SE sideup thrusting.

其中，深溪沟段和八角庙段同震垂直位错较大，达。5～6m；庙坝段同震垂直位移量普遍较低，1～2m或更低；在高原新村附近，地表破裂带分为近平行的南北两支，北支以右旋走滑为主，南支以南东盘逆冲抬升为主，这与与映秀-北川同震破裂总体北西盘抬升的性质相反。

The delay time of vertical coseismic deformation have positive linear relationship with ep...

断层体垂直向同震形变延迟时间与震中距线性正相关，发生地震同震形变的响应速度约为5.5km/s，反映了在上层花岗岩地层中面波的传播速度；同震位移最大振幅和震中距的对数、震级之间具有明显线性关系，震级越大，同震位移的最大振幅越大；地震震级是断层体垂直同震形变振动持续时间的主要影响因素，震级越大，同震形变振动持续时间越长。

On the bases of these work, in order to reveal the physical mechanism of this recurrence behavior, the coseismic coulomb stress changes generated by fault interaction is calculated by inducting rock and fault mechanics, and their triggering and delaying influences on seismic potential of active fault are analyzed.

在此基础上，为了从机理上揭示大陆板内地区地震复发行为的物理机制，引入力学方法，研究了断裂间的相互作用及其产生的同震库仑应力改变，并对同震库仑应力改变对活动断裂地震潜势的影响进行了分析和讨论。

The relation between the coseismic changes of water level and water temperature of artesion well has been analyzed by use of the coseismic data of Ms8.7 Sumatera earthquake and the structure information of well-aquifer system in the studied area. The physical model is established by simulating the changes of water temperature and water level of the well. The mechanism of coseismic response to distant earthquake in such artesian well is also revealed.

利用本溪自流井水位及水温对苏门答腊Ms8.7大震的同震响应资料，通过分析水位变化与水温变化的相互关系和研究区的井－含水层系统结构，建立了不同层位地下水混合的物理模型，并根据水位变化数据模拟出水温变化曲线，同时也揭示了同类型观测井水位与水温对远场大震的同震响应机理。

By evaluating the Coulomb failure stress changes produced by the coseismic rupture and viscoelastic relaxation of the 4 preceding large earthquakes, we find that the Coulomb failure stress changes produced by the viscoelastic relaxation are much more significant than that produced by the coseismic deformation in 3 of the 4 earthquakes.

在计算过程中定量估计了可可西里地震发生时前面4个地震同震形变和黏弹性松弛导致可可西里地震破裂面上库仑破裂应力变化之间的比值，发现前3个地震由黏弹性松弛造成的变化远远大于同震形变所造成的变化。

Co-earthquake displacement field shows that the earthquake may be caused by thrust of Bayan Har block along direction of SE and the downthrust of Sichuan Basin along the direction at NW occurred simultaneously.

同震位移场显示，这次地震可能是巴颜喀拉块体SE向逆冲与四川盆地NW向俯冲同时发生的。

According to the above method and approach, research work is made on the following aspects:① recurrence behavior of continental strong earthquakes;② interaction of faults and coseismic Coulomb stress changes;③ the influence of coseismic Coulomb stress changes on seismic potential of active faults;④ triggering and delaying of earthquakes due to fault interaction of the Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang seismotectonic belt.

根据上述研究思路，本文主要开展了以下几方面的工作：①大陆板内地震复发行为研究；②断裂间相互作用与同震库仑应力改变研究；③同震库仑应力改变对活动断裂地震危险性的影响；④鲜水河-小江断裂带断裂间相互作用对地震的触发。通过研究，本论文得到了以下主要认识和结论

Using three-pass differential InSAR method for Mani earthquake, we got the interferometric fringes of co-seismic displacement field and found that, the displacement field is anomalistic ellipse-shaped with the long axis in NWW direction and the rupture is left-lateral.

在玛尼震区采用了三路差分干涉方法，提取出了地震同震形变场的干涉条纹，经分析发现：该地震形变场呈长轴近北东东向不规则椭圆形分布，且断裂为左行平移性质。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。