同源联合

Of or relating to the association of three or more homologous chromosomes during the first division of meiosis.

属于在第一时期成熟分裂时三个或者更多的同源染色体的联合的。

Genetics used of the association of three or more homologous chromosomes during the first division of meiosis.

属于在第一时期成熟分裂时三个或者更多的同源染色体的联合的。

In pachytene the paired homologous chromosomes contract. At this point each chromosome consists of a pair of chromatids and the two associated chromosomes are termed a tetrad.

在粗线期，配对的同源染色体缩短，这时每条染色体包括2个联合的染色体，每个染色体包括1对染色单体，即四分体。

Synapsis The association of homologous chromosomes during the prophase stage of meiosis that leads to the production of a haploid number of bivalents.

联会：能产生单倍二价体的减数分裂前期，同源染色体的联合现象。

1Unequal number of univalents with decreased degree of synapsis and lagging chromosomes occurred in meiosis.The abnormal chromosomal behavior correlated with heterogenicity gave rise to unequal allocation of homogenous chromosomes to daughter cells and resulted in the deletion of functional chromosoms,thus led to the occurence of a certion proportion of aborted pollens.(2)The interaction between genetic imbalance and such environmental factors as temperature,etc.,further drew forth physiological and even structrural imbalance,with abnormal development of pollen mother cells and tapetal cells,and consequently resulted in no or very few production of pollens.The difference in the interaction between environment and genotype reflected on the unstability of pollen abortion in different years.

1在减数分裂中有数目不等的联合程度较差的单价体以及落后染色体出现，这种与异质性相关的染色体行为异常，导致同源染色体向子细胞的不均衡分配，造成具功能染色体的缺失，从而引起毛白杨一定比率的败育花粉的产生；(2)遗传上的不平衡与温度等环境因子相互作用，进一步引发毛白杨生理乃至结构上的不平衡，花粉母细胞和绒毡层细胞发育异常，从而造成不产粉或产粉较少；环境与基因型互作的差异性导致了花粉败育的年度不稳定性。

Methods Granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factors and interleukin 4 were used to cultivate DC from peripheral blood of hepatocellular carcinoma patients.Tumor associated antigen extracted from human liver cancer HepG2 cell line was used to activate the DC,which will initiate homogenic T lymphocyte to form cytotoxic T lymphocyte.HepG2 cells were transplanted to the nude mice and were treated with CTL.Expression of PCNA in tumor cells was evaluated.

联合应用粒/巨细胞集落刺激因子及白介素-4(IL-4)直接从肝癌患者外周血中培养出DC；以源于人肝癌细胞系HepG2细胞的肿瘤抗原粗提物刺激DC；DC激活同源的T淋巴细胞产生细胞毒性T淋巴细胞；建立人肝癌细胞系HepG2裸鼠移植瘤模型；CTL治疗人肝癌细胞系HepG2裸鼠移植瘤；检测移植瘤标本肿瘤细胞PCNA表达水平。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！