同源物

The complete nucleotide of F12 shared the highest sequence identity (90.1%) with AYVVTW-[TW:Tai:99] (AF307861), an isolate of Ageratum yellow vein virus from Taiwan. The DNAβmolecule associated with the F12 was found with primersβ01/02 (F12β).

同源性比对发现，F11与报道的广东番木瓜曲叶病毒的分离物PaLCuGuV-[CN：Gd2：02](AJ558122)的核酸相似性最高，为97.3%；F12与胜红蓟黄脉病毒的台湾分离物AYVVTW-[TW：Tai：99](AF307861)的核酸相似性最高，为90.1%。

They were members of MADS box gene family, and which highly homologous to AGAMOUS from Arabidopsis and other known orthologues.

参照单子叶植物的AG类基因序列设计简并引物，利用RT-PCR的方法，从百合中扩增AG到同源片段，并根据扩增出的片段序列设计特异引物进行5'RACE和3'RACE的扩增，最终获得全长。

Sensitivity comparison between the novel one-step RT-PCR and DAS-ELISA for PVX revealed that the former method was 20 times more sensitive than the later one. The novel one-step RT-PCR system was also successfully tested with field samples of turnip mosaic virus in 8 different crucifer vegetable crops.

为验证该设想，本研究建立了一步RT-PCR技术扩增体系，并利用该体系扩增和分析了国内几种蔬菜作物部分CMV分离物的2b基因序列同源性，选择特定分离物的全长2b基因，先利用PVX侵染性载体初步分析其正义和反义序列间的互作，再构建植物表达载体转化烟草和番茄，并研究转基因烟草抗CMV的表现，获得了抗CMV的转基因烟草植株。

The origin analysis on the source of hosts and terrains was carried out on the base of homology tree and phylogenetic tree founded in 19 isolates on their CP gene nucleotide sequences. The result showed that the gene types and clusters of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus were not obviously related to the two factors.

对包括该分离物在内的19个CP基因核苷酸序列进行同源性比较和系统进化树构建，并结合寄主来源及地域来源进行LHP的起源分析，结果表明黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒不同分离物的序列分群和进化关系与上述两个因素无明显关系。

To establish a method to differentiate Muscovy duck parvovirus from goose parvovirus, primers GPVF/R1 and MDPVF1/R1 were designed according to the genomic sequences of GPV and MDPV to amplify the virus culture and nucleotide of GPV, MDPV, duck plague virus, duck hepatitis virus, duck reovirus, canine parvovirus and feline panleucopenia virus.

根据番鸭细小病毒和鹅细小病毒基因组的非同源序列各设计了1对引物MDPVF1/R1和GPVF1/R1，建立了一种PCR方法，用该PCR方法分别对GPV、MDPV、鸭瘟病毒、鸭肝炎病毒、鸭呼肠孤病毒、犬细小病毒和猫泛白细胞减少症病毒的病毒培养物及其核酸进行扩增。

In order to direct the construction of plant germplasms by elucidating the relatives among plants at the level of gene, CYP86MF gene analogues from 11 species of 6 genera in Cuciferae were respectively obtained by PCR strategy using gene specific primers designed from conserved regions of CYP86MF gene reported. Sequence comparisonindicated that the similarities among the genes at nucleotide level were over 80%, and the similarities at amino acid level remained above 70%. The differences between the genes at nucleotide and amino acid level between species were 1.0%~ 5.7% and 2.6%~ 7.3% respectively, while those between genera 5.6%~ 22.5% and 7.3%~ 31.2%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Brassica was closely related to Raphanus, followed by Rorippa Scop, Arabidopsis Heynh, Capsella Medic orderly, most distantly related to Orychophrogmus.

为了从分子水平阐明十字花科植物间的亲缘进化关系，给植物种质资源的创建提供理论依据，试验根据课题组已报道的CYP86MF基因编码的氨基酸保守区域设计特异引物，运用PCR技术分别从十字花科6个属11个物种中分离克隆到了CYP86MF基因的同源序列，经比较分析，结果表明：这些同源序列的相似性达80%以上，所推导的氨基酸序列相似性达70%以上，且两者种间差异分别为1.0%~ 5.7%和2.6%~ 7.3%，属间差异分别是5.6%~ 22.5%和7.3%~ 31.2%；由氨基酸序列构建的分子系统树可知，在亲缘进化关系上芸薹属与萝卜属较近，其他依次为蔊菜属、拟南芥属、荠菜属，而与诸葛菜属最远。

The genetic DNA was extracted from the blood of 6 A. forsteri which sex was unknown. The PCR amplified fragments with primers P2/P8 were cloned in T-Vector. Taking homologous sequence of Circaetus gallicus as reference, the CHD gene sequence was compared to the homologues in GenBank to identify its sex.

方法］采用苯酚：氯仿抽提法提取6只未知性别的帝企鹅血液中的基因组DNA，运用P2/P8引物扩增CHD基因片段，将PCR产物克隆到T-Vector，利用NCBI的Blast程序，以短趾鹰同源序列为比对参照，将帝企鹅CHD基因片段序列与GenBank中的基因片段序列进行同源性比较分析，鉴定帝企鹅的性别。

DNA sequence which was partial homogeneous with Copper-transporting P-type ATPase gene was amplified from filaceous fungi Penicillium janthinillum GXCR by designed degenerate primers based on the reported amino acid sequence.

根据已报道的与铜转运P型ATP酶同源的氨基酸序列，设计简并引物，在丝状真菌Penicillium janthinillum GXCR中扩增得到与铜转运P型ATP酶基因同源的部分序列。

A chimeric primer was designated in which segment A near 3' end is complementary to HB plus strand just before the DR2 region gap, and segment B near 5' end is consensus to part of the human immunodefficient irus genomic sequence, without homogenetic relationship to HB genome.

设计一嵌合引物，使之3'端的A片断与HB正链互补，并恰好位于DR2缺口之前；5'端的B片断与人类免疫缺陷病毒的基因序列具有同源性，与乙型肝炎病毒的基因组无同源性。

It was reported an cDNA encoding HMG protein was cloned from Pharbitis nil.

HMG蛋白质含有一非常保守的区域HMG-box，为确定裂叶牵牛中是否有其它含HMG-box的蛋白质以及与HMG1的关系，我们根据已知的大豆、裂叶牵牛HMG设计出引物，利用RT-PCR扩增技术、Southern、Northern杂交技术，从裂叶牵牛中克隆出编码HMG蛋白质的另一个cDNA-HMG2，它与HMG-1同源性很高(氨基酸序列同源性〉80％)，并对HMG1／2与裂叶牵牛开花功能的关系进行了研究。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。