同成的

This I learned from her benefactress; from the pious and charitable lady who adopted her in her orphan state, reared her as her own daughter, and whose kindness, whose generosity the unhappy girl repaid by an ingratitude so bad, so dreadful, that at last her excellent patroness was obliged to separate her from her own young ones, fearful lest her vicious example should contaminate their purity: she has sent her here to be healed, even as the Jews of old sent their diseased to the troubled pool of Bethesda; and, teachers, superintendent, I beg of you not to allow the waters to stagnate round her.

"我是从她的恩人，一位廉诚慈善的太太那儿知道的。她成了孤儿的时候，是这位太太收养了她，把她作为亲生女儿来养育。这位不幸的姑娘竟以忘恩负义来报答她的善良和慷慨。这种行为那么恶劣，那么可怕，那位出色的恩主终于不得不把她同自己幼小的孩子们分开，生怕她的坏样子会沾污他们的纯洁。她被送到这里来治疗，就像古时的犹太人把病人送往毕士大搅动着的池水中一样。教师们，校长们，我请求你们不要让她周围成为一潭死水。"

An Austrian critic criticized Brod's viewpoint of connectin g the castle's ruling directly with mercy which is a religious concept in the postscript of the first edition of The Castle. In doing so, Brod gave a precedent to those critics who want to find religious symbols and other symbols in the novel and comprehend Kafka's illusion by theological explaining. In translating art images directly into the languages of theology, philosophy and psychology, it was certain that Brod would lower the value of Kafka's art.

奥地利批评家海因茨·波里策批评布罗德在《城堡》第一版后记中"把城堡的统治直接同慈悲这个宗教概念联系起来的"论点，为那些"想在这部作品中寻找宗教的和其他的象征，并给予神学的解释来理解卡夫卡的幻想"的批评家开了一个先例；布罗德"将艺术的图像直接翻译成神学的、哲学的和心理学的语言"的做法，必然会使其"艺术价值变得平淡"。

The Duke of Medina Sidonia now sent a message to the Duke of Parma in Dunkirk:"I am anchored here two leagues from Calais with the enemy's fleet on my flank. They can cannonade me whenever they like, and I shall be unable to do them much harm in return." He asked Parma to send fifty ships to help him break out of Calais. Parma was unable to help as he had less than twenty ships and most of those were not yet ready to sail.That night Medina Sidonia sent out a warning to his captains that he expected a fire-ship attack. This tactic had been successfully used by Francis Drake in Cadiz in 1587 and the fresh breeze blowing steadily from the English fleet towards Calais, meant the conditions were ideal for such an attack. He warned his captains not to panic and not to head out to the open sea. Medina Sidonia confidently told them that his patrol boats would be able to protect them from any fire-ship attack that took place.Medina Sidonia had rightly calculated what would happen.

1577年，他再次从英国出发，乘着旗舰"金鹿"号直奔美洲沿岸，一路打劫西班牙商船，西班牙人做梦也想不到，竟然有人敢在"自家后院胡闹"，当他们派出军舰追击时，德雷克早已逃往南方，但由于西班牙的封锁，他无法通过狭窄的麦哲伦海峡，在一次猛烈的风暴中，"金鹿"号同船队其它伙伴失散了，被向南吹了5°之多，来到了西班牙人也未曾到过的地方，自从麦哲伦海峡被发现以来人们一直认为海峡以南的火地岛就是传说中的南方大陆的一部分，但此时呈现在德雷克面前的是一片汪洋大海，德雷克被这意外的发现惊呆了，他很高兴的向大家宣布"传说中的南方大陆是不存在的，即使存在，也一定是在南方更寒冷的地方，"(直到今天我们还称这片广阔的水域为"德雷克海峡")，但德雷克却一直向西横渡了太平洋。1579年7月23日，他到达了马里亚纳群岛，8月22日穿过北回归线，9月26日回到了阔别已久的普次茅斯港，再次成为了"民众的英雄"，这次航行是继麦哲伦之后的第二次环球航行，但德雷克却是第一个自始至终指挥环球航行的船长(众所周知，麦哲伦在菲律宾被土人做成三明治吃掉了)。

I observ'd, that the two who swam, were yet more than twice as long swimming over the Creek, as the Fellow was, that fled from them: It came now very warmly upon my Thoughts, and indeed irresistibly, that now was my Time to get me a Servant, and perhaps a Companion, or Assistant; and that I was call'd plainly by Providence to save this poor Creature's Life; I immediately run down the Ladders with all possible Expedition, fetches my two Guns, for they were both but at the Foot of the Ladders, as I observ'd above; and getting up again, with the same haste, to the Top of the Hill, I cross'd toward the Sea; and having a very short Cut, and all down Hill, clapp'd my self in the way, between the Pursuers, and the Pursu'd; hallowing aloud to him that fled, who looking back, was at first perhaps as much frighted at me, as at them; but I beckon'd with my Hand to him, to come back; and in the mean time, I slowly advanc'd towards the two that follow'd; then rushing at once upon the foremost, I knock'd him down with the Stock of my Piece I was loath to fire, because 1 would not have the rest hear; though at that distance, it would not have been easily heard, and being out of Sight of the Smoke too, they wou'd not have easily known what to make of it: Having knock'd this Fellow down, the other who pursu'd with him stopp'd, as if he had been frighted; and I advanc'd a-pace towards him; but as I came nearer, I perceiv'd presently, he had a Bow and Arrow, and was fitting it to shoot at me; so I was then necessitated to shoot at him first, which I did, and kill'd him at the first Shoot; the poor Savage who fled, but had stopp'd; though he saw both his Enemies fallen, and kill'd, as he thought; yet was so frighted with the Fire, and Noise of my Piece, that he stood Stock still, and neither came forward or went backward, tho' he seem'd rather enclin'd to fly still, than to come on; I hollow'd again to him, and made Signs to come forward, which he easily understood, and came a little way, then stopp'd again, and then a little further, and stopp'd again, and I cou'd then perceive that he stood trembling, as if he had been taken Prisoner, and had just been to be kill'd, as his two Enemies were; I beckon'd him again to come to me, and gave him all the Signs of Encouragement that I could think of, and he came nearer and nearer, kneeling down every Ten or Twelve steps in token of acknowledgement for my saving his Life: I smil'd at him, and look'd pleasantly, and beckon'd to him to come still nearer; at length he came close to me, and then he kneel'd down again, kiss'd the Ground, and laid his Head upon the Ground, and taking me by the Foot, set my Foot upon his Head; this it seems was in token of swearing to be my Slave for ever; I took him up, and made much of him, and encourag'd him all I could.

这时候，我脑子里突然产生一个强烈的、不可抗拒的欲望：我要找个仆人，现在正是时候；说不定我还能找到一个侣伴，一个帮手哩。这明明是上天召唤我救救这个可怜虫的命呢！我立即跑下梯子，拿起我的两支枪--前面我已提到，这两支枪就放在梯子脚下。然后，又迅速爬上梯子，翻过山顶，向海边跑去。我抄了一条近路，跑下山去，插身在追踪者和逃跑者之间。我向那逃跑的野人大声呼唤。他回头望了望，起初仿佛对我也很害怕，其程度不亚于害怕追赶他的野人。但我用手势召唤他过来，同时慢慢向后面追上来的两个野人迎上去。等他俩走近时，我一下子冲到前面的一个野人跟前，用枪杆子把他打倒在地。我不想开枪，怕枪声让其余的野人听见。其实距离这么远，枪声是很难听到的；即使隐隐约约听到了，他们也看不见硝烟，所以肯定会弄不清是怎么回事。第一个野人被我打倒之后，同他一起追来的那个野人就停住了脚步，仿佛吓住了。于是我又急步向他迎上去。当我快走近他时，见他手里拿起弓箭，准备拉弓向我放箭。我不得不先向他开枪，一枪就把他打死了。那逃跑的野人这时也停住了脚步。这可怜的家伙虽然亲眼见到他的两个敌人都已经倒下，并且在他看来已必死无疑，但却给我的枪声和火光吓坏了。他站在那里，呆若木鸡，既不进也不退，看样子他很想逃跑而不敢走近我。我向他大声招呼，做手势叫他过来。他明白了我的意思，向前走几步停停，又走几步又停停。这时，我看到他站在那里，混身发抖。他以为自己成了我的俘虏，也将像他的两个敌人那样被杀死。我又向他招招手，叫他靠近我，并做出种种手势叫他不要害怕。他这才慢慢向前走，每走一二十步便跪一下，好像是感谢我救了他的命。我向他微笑，作出和蔼可亲的样子，并一再用手招呼他，叫他再靠近一点。最后，他走到我跟前，再次跪下，吻着地面，又把头贴在地上，把我的一只脚放到他的头上，好像在宣誓愿终身做我的奴隶。我把他扶起来，对他十分和气，并千方百计叫他不要害怕。但事情还没有完。

The study wanted to make clear the index of freeze injury to Lichi. Low temperature data of Fujian province recent years and now, information about freeze injury of lichi in survey and literature were gathered, refering to photo and corresponding low temperature data about five county in winter in 1999 that provided by guangxi research institute of meteorological disaster mitigation; by statistic methods dealing with above information gave the result on the extreme low temperature data gathering by thermometer screen and the freeze injury grade of lichi; correlation analysis on data of freeze injury and the extreme low temperature indicated that the temperature of no freeze injury and slight freeze injury and moderate freeze injury and serious freeze injury and most serious freeze injury is respectively -0.3℃ and -1.9℃ and -3.1℃ and -3.8℃ and -4.1℃; Difference of teperature between every freeze injury grade of lichi turned to disappear when grade increased.

为了弄清给荔枝树造成损害程度低温指标，收集了福建省近几年冬季考察的低温资料、荔枝树低温冻害调查资料和有关参考文献中记载的荔枝树冻害资料、同期的低温资料，参考广西壮族自治区气象减灾研究所1999—2000冬季5个县荔枝树冻害的照片资料和相对应的低温资料；经统计处理整理成同时同地荔枝树的冻害级别与百叶箱中的最低气温资料；据荔枝树的冻害资料和最低气温资料进行相关统计分析，经相关分析表明：它们可以用一元二次方程进行拟合；荔枝树的无冻害、轻冻害、中冻害、重冻害、严重冻害的最低气温分别为-0.3℃、-1.9℃、-3.1℃、-3.8℃、-4.1℃；荔枝树各个冻害级别之间温差随着冻害级别的提高而缩小。

And we established a new material which included some sortable indexes to each base logogriph, such as difficulty, accuracy and reaction time. Each pair of riddles included one base logogriph and a target logogriph. A new experimental paradigm was also adopted: a two-stage model for learning-testing, so as to research the time course of successful insight problem solving. Firstly, subjects learned a logogriph (a base logogriph with the answer offered)—learning stage, and then they were asked to solve a homotypical logogriph (a target logogriph, and the base logogriph learned beforehand would provide heuristic information for solving the target logogriph)—testing stage.

在原型激活理论的指导下，本研究通过实验1与实验2初步建立了用于顿悟认知与脑机制研究的字谜材料库，弥补了以往顿悟脑机制研究材料方面的欠缺，主要表现为：首先在材料类型上保证了同质性，都是选用的中国传统文化中的字谜；其次，有足够多的数量，能够满足脑成像研究的多次重复测量和叠加的要求；再次，材料是一一配对的，即每对字谜都由源字谜和靶字谜共同组成，便于研究原型启发效应；最后，提供了多数字谜材料的相关信息，每一个字谜都有正确率、反应时、启发量、巧妙性、难度等分类指标。

Technique development, basic facilities improvement and cost decline make "globalization" communication possible. 4. Globalization of communication technique aggravates the "unfairness" of international communication and leads to its different layers, classes and unbalanced distribution. 5. The end of "cold war" deconstructs the opposite between the East and the West, but not ends the difference between the South and the North and the "civilization conflict". 6. The population redistribution makes the traditional nations and countries in the relevant areas unstable and influences the original national cultural identity. 7."Globalization" communication deepens the alertness of national elite intellectuals, which makes them strengthen their sense of mission to keep and guard the spiritual home of national traditional culture (including traditional belief, value, cultural pattern and so on) that will be possibly subverted and maliciously remade. 8. The combination of "direction" and "strategy", or the speciousness makes big trans-national media corporations sweep away all obstacles and occupy the markets in the developing countries, in which have appeared the phenomenon of "narrations of traditional cultures tending to similarities". 9."Global village": myth or reality? 10. The difference of culture and ideology often causes the different understanding and value judgement to the contents of trans-national communication.

第一部分将中国国家电视文化安全问题放到"全球化"的大背景中加以考量，分别从以下18个维度展开论述：1、全球化语境与我们的抉择；2、与"全球化"同样历史悠久的"国际传播"；3、技术的进步和相关基础设施的广泛建立并不断完善以及使用成本的持续下降，使得"全球化"传播成了可能；4、传播技术的全球化，加剧了国际传播的"不平等"，导致了国际传播的层级性和不均衡分布；5、"冷战"的终结解构了东西对立，但却并未终结南北差异和"文明的冲突"；6、人口的重新分布使得相关区域的传统意义上的民族国家面临潜在的不稳定，并有可能影响到原来各个国家已经定型的民族文化认同；7、"全球化"传播加深了民族国家精英知识分子的戒心，"守望民族传统文化的精神家园"的使命感使得他们开始关注核心的"传统文化"（具体包括传统的信仰、价值观、文化模式等）的有可能被颠覆或被恶意改造；8、"方向"与"策略"的有机结合，使得大型跨国传媒公司所向披靡，在发展中国家屡屡得手，很多国家出现了"祖母的同质化"现象；9、"地球村"：神话还是现实？

The following results are made from this research: Assessing data quality and band combination of different bands in line with geo-target features in desertification areas, and determining basic bands for desertification monitoring. And understanding and studying the spectral features and variation rules of geo-targets in the experimental area, raising that it is the basis of geo-targets information collection with imaging spectrometer data to understand spectral features and variation rules of geo-targets, realizing that in a great extent spectral-integrated-form-based classification method can remove the phenomenon of "different spectrum with same objects" resulted from reflection ratio curve translation because of the angle change among sensor, targets and observation direction, and the average and variance images can be introduced to solve the problem of two kinds of geo-target with similar spectral forms and much different values of whole reflectionratio. It is suggested that "red edge" range bands of vegetation, which has close relationship with vegetation cover and biomass, is the main characteristic bands and important basis for careful vegetation classification and quantitative retrieval, and pixel-based derivative spectral analysis is very useful for removing the effects of soil background values and quantitatively retrieving vegetation biomass and cover. The remote sense quantitative retrieval model is developed for main appraisable factors of desertification monitoring assessment with imaging spectrometer data and then the applicability of model is analyzed.

研究结果如下：首先针对荒漠化地区的地物特征，对高光谱数据不同波段的数据质量、波段组合进行了评价，提出了适用于荒漠化监测的基本波段选择集；初步了解和掌握了研究地区的地物光谱特性及变异规律，进一步明确了掌握地物光谱特征和变异规律是用成像光谱仪数据提取地物信息的基础；发现了基于光谱整体形状的分类方法在很大程度上能够消除由于传感器、地物目标观测方向之间的角度变化引起的反射率曲线整体平移的"同物异谱"现象，对于谱形相似而整体反射率的值相差较大的两类地物，通过引入均值和方差图像参与分类得到解决；研究还表明在植被"红边"范围内的波段是进行荒漠化监测的主要特征波段，这些波段与植被生物量和盖度都有密切的关系，是开展精细植被分类研究和植被定量反演的重要基础；像元的导数光谱分析可以消除土壤背景的影响，是进行植被生物量和盖度定量反演的有力工具；建立了荒漠化监测主要评价因子的定量反演模型，并分析了模型的适用性。

Results show that the Spiti shale in Zanskar terminated 15Ma later than that in southern Tibet, while the lowermost Cretaceous quartz sandstone in Zanskar appeared 18Ma later than that in southern Tibet. The age of volcanic sandstone in southern Tibet is very poorly time constraint and their deposition occurred somewhere within Berriasian～early Albian. In Thakkhola, the Chukh Group volcanic sandstone are of late Hauterivian-early Albian age (duration about 20Ma), while in Zanskar, the volcanic sandstones facies only appeared in Albian (duration of less than 10Ma). Therefore, it can be concluded that the onsets of both quartz sandstone and volcanic sandstone occurred earlier in eastern Tethys Himalayas than in western Tethys Himalayas .

侏罗纪末～白垩纪初印度大陆的北缘同时期存在大陆向上挠曲，导致陆源碎屑输入量的快速增加，石英砂岩广泛存在；早白垩世火山岩屑砂岩对应着的印度大陆北缘地层侵蚀加深，使得较深部的深成火山岩暴露并遭受侵蚀；石英砂岩和早白垩世岩屑砂岩所代表的印度大陆剥露时间在空间上的&东早西晚&，说明构造运动首先是从特提斯喜马拉雅的东部开始（大印度与澳大利亚的彻底分离），然后逐渐波及西部的，东西时间差为15～20Ma；由于地壳均衡作用，大陆分离后原先地壳挠曲转变为地壳下沉，发生强烈的构造沉降，故Albian之后沉积一套深水环境下的海绿石、磷酸盐和黑色页岩沉积。

The following results are made from this research: Assessing data quality and band combination of different bands in line with geo-target features in desertification areas, and determining basic bands for desertification monitoring. And understanding and studying the spectral features and variation rules of geo-targets in the experimental area, raising that it is the basis of geo-targets information collection with imaging spectrometer data to understand spectral features and variation rules of geo-targets, realizing that in a great extent spectral-integrated-form-based classification method can remove the phenomenon of "different spectrum with same objects" resulted from reflection ratio curve translation because of the angle change among sensor, targets and observation direction, and the average and variance images can be introduced to solve the problem of two kinds of geo-target with similar spectral forms and much different values of whole reflectionratio. It is suggested that "red edge" range bands of vegetation, which has close relationship with vegetation cover and biomass, is the main characteristic bands and important basis for careful vegetation classification and quantitative retrieval, and pixel-based derivative spectral analysis is very useful for removing the effects of soil background values and quantitatively retrieving vegetation biomass and cover. The remote sense quantitative retrieval model is developed for main appraisable factors of desertification monitoring assessment with imaging spectrometer data and then the applicability of model is analyzed.

研究结果如下：首先针对荒漠化地区的地物特征，对高光谱数据不同波段的数据质量、波段组合进行了评价，提出了适用于荒漠化监测的基本波段选择集；初步了解和掌握了研究地区的地物光谱特性及变异规律，进一步明确了掌握地物光谱特征和变异规律是用成像光谱仪数据提取地物信息的基础；发现了基于光谱整体形状的分类方法在很大程度上能够消除由于传感器、地物目标观测方向之间的角度变化引起的反射率曲线整体平移的&同物异谱&现象，对于谱形相似而整体反射率的值相差较大的两类地物，通过引入均值和方差图像参与分类得到解决；研究还表明在植被&红边&范围内的波段是进行荒漠化监测的主要特征波段，这些波段与植被生物量和盖度都有密切的关系，是开展精细植被分类研究和植被定量反演的重要基础；像元的导数光谱分析可以消除土壤背景的影响，是进行植被生物量和盖度定量反演的有力工具；建立了荒漠化监测主要评价因子的定量反演模型，并分析了模型的适用性。

This paper demonstrated the impact on the environment today, an important factor is Education.

本文主要展示了当今影响环境的一个重要因素——教育。

Article 16 The power to interpret these Procedures shall remain with the Ministry of Agriculture and CAA.

第十六条本程序由农业部、国家认证认可监督管理委员会负责解释。