同化的

While indirect assimilation experiment is better than that of non-assimilation one in rainfall center, the former appears positive role.2 Radar observations direct assimilation experiments: By means of ARPS-3DVar and ADAS (ARPS Data Analysis/Assimilation System), CINRAD observations are assimilated only with NCEP reanalysis data for the forecast of rainstorm.

以面向雷电预报的雷达、卫星遥感资料同化及其应用为研究目的，利用NCEP资料、新一代多普勒雷达网、FY2C气象卫星、闪电定位仪网、自动气象站等观测资料的诊断、同化模拟以及理论分析等方法，对气象遥感资料的同化设计及其在雷暴天气条件下雷电预测方面的应用进行了综合研究和初步分析。

Using the adjoint operator of PW, nine sites'PWs are successfully assimilated into the initial condition and altered the initial temperature, water vapor and wind field. The change varies with variable fields and pressure levels.

本文利用开发的用于同化可降水量和天顶延迟的模式，成功地将9个站点的大气可降水量的分布及变化信息同化到初始场中，从而使初始场在湿度场、温度场和风场方面较同化前得到改变，这种改变在不同变量场、各个层次上变化的大小和形势是不相同的。

In this paper, the MM5 Adjoint Assimilation System is used to correct MM5's terrain error. The experimental results of amending different initial terrain data indicate that: the MM5 AAS is able to retrieve the terrain field, whose resolution is matched with one of the initial meteorological element field and therefore well coordinated with the MM5 model. Thus a new way about how to widely use the assimilation system is offered in this paper.

将伴随模式同化系统应用于修正模式地形误差，通过对不同初始地形的修正试验表明，MM5伴随模式同化系统能很好地对地形误差进行修正，能够反演出与初始气象要素场分辨率相匹配、与模式更协调的地形场，为伴随模式同化系统的广泛应用提供了一种新的思路。

Furthermore data assimilation experiments are conducted with MM5 Adjoint-model Assimilation System made by adjoint codes. With a case of heavy rainfall taking place from 00h July 23 to 00h July 24,2002, several numerical simulation experiments of different schemes are performed. The results are as follows. MM5 Adjoint-model Assimilation System not only can improve the initial field effectively and promote the coordination with the model but also can enhance the forecast on the precipitation and other elements. The assimilation of CDW has an improvement on quality of upper wind. The effect of direct numerical simulation with utilizing the CDW to amend the initial field gains the advantage over the one not.

结果表明，MM5伴随模式同化系统能有效改善初始场与模式的协调能力，提高模式对于降水场和其它要素场的预报；使用云导风资料修正初始场后直接模拟的效果比未使用时直接模拟的效果要好，对部分区域的强降水预报精度有一定程度的改善；使用伴随模式同化系统后，加入云导风资料的同化试验对其它要素的改善与直接同化常规资料的效果相比，改善优势不明显，但从各要素的误差来看，对于风场的改善最好。

In this context conventional and non-conventional observations are assimilated by MM5 adjoint-model assimilation system so as to do research on the quality of the assimilation system and the role of CDW in improving the prediction.

本文就是利用MM5伴随模式同化系统，同化常规观测资料以及非常规资料，以研究该同化系统的特性以及卫星云导风资料对于改善预报所起的作用。

Amongleaves of various stalk positions,flag and penult leaf had the highestassimilating capacity.

不同叶位间比较，以旗叶和倒二叶的同化功能最强，占单茎同化量的60％以上，倒三叶以下同化能力迅速衰减。

The following are the major work in this thesis which has been studied and still needs to be studied further in the future: 1 An improved adjoint variational method is developed, thus it can be applied to the LAGFD-WAM Wave Numerical Model for data assimilation; 2 A linear evolution equation of spectral perturbation is derived in order to analyze its increasing or decreasing mechanism.

本论文主要完成了以下几个方面的研究： 1）建立了推广形式的共轭变分同化方法，使之能够应用于LAGFD-WAM海浪数值模式； 2）导出了扰动谱线性演化方程，分析了扰动谱增长、衰减机制，考察了涌浪情况下扰动谱的持续时效问题及风浪情况下扰动的演变过程； 3）利用波谱共轭方程初步分析了同化模型中距离泛函的敏感性及敏感区域空间分布； 4）将推广的共轭变分方法应用于海浪谱能量平衡方程，建立了连续形式的海浪同化模型，特别是严格导出了风输入、破碎、底摩擦、波波非线性相互作用和波流相互作用各源函数的共轭源函数表示式； 5）分别进行了波谱层次上和有效波高层次上的同化试验，并对数值结果进行了分析。

In order to improve the classification accuracy of mental EEG, the rhythm assimilation effect of EEG was used in the study of mental task classification firstly in this dissertation. A series of experiments schemes, which try to make different types of mental EEG carried with different and classifiable rhythm assimilation information, were projected and the rhythm assimilation phenomenon of different type mental EEG was explored detailedly.

本文首次将脑电的节律同化效应应用于思维作业的分类研究中，对思维脑电信号的节律同化现象进行了比较深入的探讨，试图通过不同的节律同化实现方案，使不同思维作业EEG信号携带有不同的、易于分类的节律同化信息，以提高思维作业EEG信号的分类正确率。

It has been suggested that the genotypical difference of 14C assimilation and its regulation should be considered in the practice of wheat management.

开花期增施氮素能继续提高莱州953的CO2同化能力，但不能有效地增加鲁麦14CO2同化能力。14C同化及其调节特征的品种间差异，应在栽培措施上有所考虑。

This study uses the Weather Research and Forecasting model and its variational data assimilation system to examine the impact of dropsonde and QuikSCAT data on numerical simulations. Three cases, including Typhoon Bilis (2006), Typhoon Kaemi (2006), and a Mei-yu rainfall event, are tested. These cases are chosen because there were special data collections of dropsonde observations.

本文使用WRF模式三维变分同化方法，针对2006年碧利斯台风、凯米台风及6月中旬梅雨锋面三个个案，将投落送资料、QuikSCAT风场资料及传统观测资料同化於WRF中尺度模式中，藉以了解同化投落送与QuikSCAT资料对模式初始场及后续数值模拟的影响，并透过敏感度实验来进行影响探讨。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失