同位素

The suspicion of cancer is increased by the following factors:(1) age (young patients are more susceptible);(2) sex, if the patient is a man (more women have thyroid cancer by a ratio of 2:1, but women have more thyroid disease by a ratio of about 8:1; thus, a man with a nodule should be regarded with greater suspicion);(3) a solitary nodule (multinodular lesions are usually benign unless there is a dominant cold nodule by thyroid scan);(4) a cold nodule on thyroid isotopic scanning (hot nodules are seldom cancerous);(5) a history of radiation exposure to the head, neck, or chest, especially in infancy and childhood (eg, for an enlarged thymus or enlarged tonsils, acne, or lymphoma);(6) radiographic evidence of fine, stippled psammomatous calcification or dense, homogeneous calcification;(7) recent or rapid enlargement; and (8) stony-hard consistency.

下列因素可增加癌的可疑性：(1)年龄；(2)性别，如果病人为男性(女性与男性的甲状腺癌比为2：1，但女性更多的是得甲状腺病，约为8：1，因此，男性有甲状腺结节时应考虑癌的可能性更大)；(3)孤立小结(多结节病变一般为良性，除非甲状腺扫描时呈明显的冷结节)；(4)甲状腺同位素扫描时发现冷结节；(5)有过头、颈、胸放射接触史，尤其是婴儿和儿童期(例如，因胸腺增大或扁桃体肿大、痤疮或淋巴瘤等)；(6)X线片见细、斑点状、沙粒样钙化或致密、匀质钙化；(7)最近增大或快速增大；(8)质地石头样坚硬。

Fourty of them were injected with 1.0 mCi of technetium^99 sulfur colloid at preoperation and 2ml methylene blue dye was injected inoperation in subareolar;radioactive SLNs were identified using a hand-held gamma detector probe,all blue stained SLNs were removed during operation.

其中40例病人术前于乳晕下注射1.0mci的锝^99硫化胶体，术中于乳晕下注射亚甲蓝2ml，同时术中用手握式γ-同位素探测仪确认有放射活性的SLN；行手术解剖法解剖分离出蓝染的SLN。

And 5. 4～8. 5‰, respectively. Nonequilibrium oxygen isotope fractionation between rock-forming minerals and the low H〓O content indicate that depletion in D-〓O of the A-type granites from eastern China is the result of magma degassing and subsolid interaction between meteoric water and rocks.

主要造岩矿物对氧同位素不平衡分馏和全岩低水含量特征指示中国东部A型花岗岩D-〓O亏损主要受岩浆去气作用和岩浆期后大气降水亚固态交换的制约。

A combination analysis of SIP and in situ microbiological methods was applied on the anaerobic digestion of biomass organics suffering from severe acids inhibition. The studies found that accumulated acids were degraded mainly by Methanosarcina firstly with acetoclastic pathway and then with hydrogenotrophic pathway under mesophilic condition, whereas acids were mainly degraded to methane by the tandem reactions of syntrophic acetate oxidation and hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis under thermophilic condition.

联合应用稳定同位素表征技术和微生态原位表征方法，对高浓度有机酸胁迫条件下的生物质类有机物厌氧发酵甲烷化途径的研究结果表明，面临高浓度有机酸迅速累积的环境，中温发酵条件下，优势菌种为甲烷八叠球菌，依时间次序，通过乙酸发酵和氢营养型途径利用累积的有机酸产生甲烷；而在高温条件下，有机酸则通过乙酸氧化和氢营养型甲烷化途径的串联反应被降解。

The marine crude oils in Huangqiao Area are characteristic of the high Pr/Ph value (＞1), the abundant tricyclic terpane series (tricyclic terpane series/hopane series＞0.8), the heavy carbon isotope and high δ〓C value (＞-29‰).

黄桥地区海相成因原油具有Pr/Ph＞1，三环萜烷系列丰度高(三环萜烷/藿烷系列＞0.8)，富含重碳同位素，δ〓C＞-29‰的特征。

The second group are the mixtures of Jurassic coal-formed oils and Cretaceous-derived oils. The carbon isotope, n-alkanes and isoprenoids compositions of these oils are similar to core extracts from Jurassic coal measures. However, sterane and terpane compositions of these oils show affinity to Cretaceous source rocks. It is deduced that coal-formed oils dissolved the biomarker-rich Cretaceous bitumen of relatively low thermal maturity, and overprinting occurs during oil migration.

第二类原油具有侏罗系煤系烃源岩与白垩系湖相泥质烃源岩混源的特点，这类原油的碳同位素组成、正构烷烃分布特征和姥植比等均表现出煤成油的特征，但甾、萜烷烃类化合物组成与白垩系烃源岩接近，推测是由于侏罗系煤成油在向上运移成藏过程中，受到成熟度相对较低、生物标志物相对丰富的白垩系烃源岩的浸析作用所致。

The leaching and transferring of 95Zr in different soils and its actions in several aquatic and terraneous ecosystems were studied by using the isotope tracer techniques.

本文采用同位素示踪技术研究了~(95)Zr在不同土壤中的淋溶、迁移和在几种水生及陆生生态系统中的行为，为探明~(95)Zr在不同农业生态环境中的行为规律提供基础资料，对制定有关安全标准和污染治理提供了科学依据。

Due to the seasonal change of water discharge and marine phytoplankton blooming,terrigenous inputs exceeded marine inputs in winter and the reverse results have been found in summer.

长江口悬浮颗粒有机质的碳同位素值表现出明显的季节变化特征，2月较8月偏负，表现出冬季陆源输入偏重而夏季海源输入偏重的现象，这主要是受径流量枯洪季变化和浮游生物生长季节变化两种因素的叠加作用。

In this paper, the mechanism of nitrogen cycle was explored in the Yangtze River estuary. The results show that δ15N of SPM was in a wide range of 0.6‰ and 8.2‰, varying with seasons and geographic regions. The temporal and spatial variation reflected different influences of terrigenous inputs and nitrogen biogeochemical processing.

研究发现：该海域悬浮颗粒有机物的稳定氮同位素组成(δ15Np)分布范围较宽，在0.6‰～8.2‰之间，具有明显的时空分布特点，反映了不同程度的陆源输入和氮的生物地球化学过程的影响。

Isotopic data for several of these rock units indicate that the methane within the inferred gas hydrate occurrences originated from both microbial and thermogenic processes.

几个岩石样品的同位素分析数据表明甲烷的出现源自微生物和热成的作用。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。