同位素

In all cases, the data plot near or to the left of the lithification reference domain Fig.

这些同位素分馏过程可以在流体流动的过程中同时发生。

For example, a rock sample in the lithification domain Fig.

例如，在成岩区域（图1a）样品的同位素数据如下：δ18O =-4‰，δ13C =-3‰。

1B. In some successions, the isotopic signal is set during lithification in isotopically evolving pore fluids, as discussed above.

某些地层中同时保存了孔隙流体中的同位素变化，这些变化多发生在成岩作用过程。

In this 'lithification' process, the originally precipitated phases undergo dissolution, reprecipitation, and isotopic re-equilibration with ambient pore fluids.

在这个所谓的岩化过程，最初沉淀的沉积物经历了溶解，再沉淀，与周围孔隙中的流体进行的同位素再平衡分馏等过程。

2B–f. Instead, they are bounded by the Cenozoic lithification domain to the right, and stream off to lower δ18O values that are readily attributable to later metamorphic alteration.

相反的，这些数据被局限在新生代成岩作用区域左边，氧同位素相对较低的比值可以认为是后期变质交待作用的结果。

As observed in the Pleistocene, thick intervals of negative δ13C values occur in the Neoproterozoic but are considered to record profound perturbations to the global marine carbon cycle unique to the Neoproterozoic rather than being considered in terms of normal mixed meteoric/marine lithification or decarboxylation.

更新世的观察表明，新元古代存在着一个较长时期的δ13C负值，这些负值记录了全球海洋碳同位素的波动循环是新元古代独有的，而并非通常意义下的大气海洋水混合产生的岩化作用和脱羧基作用。

On the basis of studies of Cenozoic deposits, lithification is most rapid in sediments in coastal areas where meteoric ground waters mix with marine pore fluids. The process yields a roughly co-variant relationship between δ13C and δ18O in which δ13C decreases as δ18O decreases Fig.

在新生代的沉积中，岩化作用在海岸地区的沉积物中发生的最快，这一地区海洋孔隙流体更多地与大气水发生了混合，这一过程造成了碳氧同位素同步的发生减少。

The alternative explanation—that the Neoproterozoic carbonates underwent the same processes of lithification and metamorphism observed in Phanerozoic carbonates—is a simpler explanation for these data, and does not require extraordinary and anomalous behaviour of the C cycle specific to the Neoproterozoic.

新元古代碳酸盐经历了一些成岩或者变质作用，这种变质或者成岩作用与显生宙发现的一致或者基本一致，如果尝试使用这种理论来解释同位素的漂移，我们就不需要特殊和异常的情况发生。

Apparent correlations of low δ13C between widely separated sections may relate simply to eustatic sea-level drops where phreatic lenses intrude simultaneously during lithification.

较低的碳同位素比值出现在了很长期的并且相对独立的沉积其内，表示了这个时期曾经发生过普遍的海水沉降，同时不断出现了潜水区的透镜体的入侵，从而定义为成岩作用。

These data are incompatible with the excursion scenario unless (1) carbonates deposited during a negative δ13C excursion are more susceptible to later δ18O metamorphic alteration in proportion to their negative δ13C value, or (2)δ18O of sea water decreases as δ13C of sea water decreases to produce an array that fortuitously resembles the Cenozoic lithification domain Fig.

这些数据与想象的同位素漂移情况不一致，有两个因素应当考虑在内。1。碳酸盐在δ13C存在负值漂移时沉积更加容易受到后期δ18O变质交代作用的影响，这种影响与δ13C成比例。2。海水δ18O与δ13C的同步减少使得数据出现在图表上的近似新生代成岩作用区域，这种情况属于偶然情况。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。