同位素

Habitual organisms in north of East China Sea and alongshore estuarine water areas were measured by different methods mentioned above in order to understand the role of diverse aquatic species composing specific food webs and their control on the flow of matter and energy along the food chain.

建立特定化合物稳定同位素技术测定单分子脂肪酸碳稳定同位素的方法，并选取研究海域内采集的部分生物样品，测定其特征脂肪酸的碳同位素比值，从分子水平构建食物网中主要生物的摄食关系。

The understanding of biogeochemical cycle of hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur elements in nature ecosystem have increased substantially in the past two decades owing to the improvement of gas isotope ratio mass spectrometer and the wide application of isotopic studies with these elements.

近20年由於「气相同位素比值质谱仪」的改良和氢、氧、碳、氮和硫等稳定同位素的广泛研究，稳定同位素的研究技术已实质增加我们对於这些元素在自然生態系中生地化循环的瞭解。

However, the difference between Hongge and Xinjie is also apparent, perhaps reflecting the source difference in the mantle. Relative to the Hongge intrusion the Xinjie intrusion is more depleted in Nd isotope ratio and enriched in REE and LILE. The Xinjie intrusion plots in the first quadrant in Sr-Nd diagram, which shows the Sr isotope-enriched and Nd isotope-depleted slightly feature. This indicates that the source of the Xinjie intrusion may had the mantle wedge signature.

但红格、新街岩体的源区又有所不同，新街岩体较红格岩体Nd同位素更亏损，稀土和大离子亲石元素更富集；新街岩体在Sr-Nd相关图上，位于第一象限，显示Sr同位素富集，Nd同位素略亏损特征，指示了新街岩体的源区可能有残留地幔楔的成分。

It can draw the conclusion thatδ~(34)S_ in solution has an approximate content(0±3‰)with S isotope of pyrrhoSne by measuring S and Pb isotope of sulfide in ore bodies,a lower value shows S in hydrothermal fluid is origin from magma;Linear array of Pb isotope in galenite suggests that Pb may be multisources.

对矿体硫化物进行硫和铅同位素测定，获得溶液的δ~(34)S_与磁黄铁矿硫同位素组成相近约等于0±3‰，δ~(34)S_值小，表明热液硫是岩浆来源，方铅矿铅同位素线性排列，暗示出铅可能是多来源的。

We summarize the study of geochemistry of the Co rich crust, and explain the diffusion of elements in the Co rich crust and the exchange with ambient seawater. Besides, we discuss the effect of phosphatization and substrate rocks on the composition of the Co rich crust. We also introduce the application of stable isotopes (including the stable isotopes of Pb, Nd, and Hf), radioactive...

概述了富钴结壳地球化学的研究成果阐述了富钴结壳中元素的扩散及与周围海水的交换，基岩和磷酸盐化事件对富钴结壳组成的影响分别介绍了稳定同位素(Pb、Nd和Hf的稳定同位素)、放射性同位素(Be、U和Th的放射性同位素)及元素(常量和微量元素、稀土元素)在富钴结壳古海洋学研究上的应用。

Low-temperature hydrothermal processes can mask evidence of high-temperature processes in the oxygen isotope system, and in radiogenic systems such as Re/Os and Pb where involved elements may be mobile under hydrothermal conditions, or host phases may close to exchange and uptake at different temperatures.

在氧同位素体系和放射性同位素体系(如Re/Os、Pb同位素体系)中，元素在热液条件下活动性强或主相没有发生同位素交换与吸收，都会导致低温热液过程掩盖高温过程。

In the past several decades, great achievements have been made by the marine foraminiferal boron isotope researches on the following aspects: analytical techniques, offsets between laboratories, isotopic fractionation factor, long-term changes in seawater boron isotopic compositions and vital effects.

最近，海洋浮游有孔虫硼同位素的研究在实验分析技术、实验室偏差、同位素分馏系数、海水硼同位素长期变化以及各种次要因素等方面都取得了长足的进步，尤其是全蒸发负热电离质谱法的建立使硼同位素分析的样品需求量降到纳克级以下。

It is explained that the large fractionation of boron isotope observed in tourmalines of Altay No. 3 pegmatite is resulted from the fractionation of boron isotopes between tourmaline and muscovite, and also tetraborate, in combination with the fractionation between fluid and melt phases.

本次研究利用电气石-白云母和电气石-四硼酸盐矿物间的同位素分馏以及熔体相-流体相间的同位素分馏，合理解释了阿尔泰3号伟晶岩脉电气石B同位素分馏过程，并首次获得伟晶岩形成、演化过程中B同位素组成演化的全程图谱。

The application of sulfur isotope tracing involves the physical and chemical conditions, origin of ore-forming minerals, denudating degree of orebody, ore enriching position and genesis types of deposits. In the application, the geology of the hydrothermal deposit should be well understand to distinguish metallogenic epochs and judge the isotopic fractional equilibrium state, combined with the Ohmoto mode to study the factors possibly affecting hydrothermal fluid system.

在总结前人研究基础上，综述了硫同位素在热液成矿作用中成矿物理化学条件、成矿物质来源、矿体剥蚀程度、矿化富集部位、矿床成因类型等的示踪意义，认为硫同位素示踪应用须在了解热液矿床基础地质前提下，准确区分成矿期次，判别硫同位素分馏平衡状态，结合Ohmoto模式综合研究影响成矿热液体系的各种因素才可以赋予同位素准确的地质内涵。

This thesis places its emphasis on"vital effect"of fossil brachiopods which has been attracting many attentions in studies of the isotope biogeochemistry.

2对目前腕足化石氧、碳同位素研究领域中倍受关注的同位素生命效应问题，本论文做了重点研究：在详细的腕足化石保存程度研究基础上，对原始生活环境相同、保存程度也相同的化石进行了科、属、种三个级别上氧、碳同位素组成的对比，所研究的化石都没有显示出可检测的同位素生命效应。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。