合金的基体

The depth of Cr layer had been 100μm. Metallurgy interface exists between matrix iron and alloying chrome layer.

该工艺可以使铬渗入到铸铁基体中达100μm以上，合金化层与基体具有良好的冶金结合。

Moreover,Al_2Er phase is face centered cubic structure,which is different with the structure of Mg(Hexagonal Close-Packed).

但是过量的Zr将与合金中的Al反应生成Al_3Zr沉淀相，消耗了合金中的Al元素，减弱了Al对镁合金的细化、强化作用，而且由于Al_3Zr与镁基体没有共格关系，不能起到细化晶粒的作用，合金组织粗化。

After the initiation of crack, the crack propagating of alloys with 0.5%Ce addition is accelerated evidently because of the appearance of needle rear earth rich phases which dissever the matrix and lead to the decrease of mechanical properties and thermal fatigue resistance.

加入0.5%Ce的合金在裂纹形成后期扩展速度明显加快，这是因为合金中出现针状富稀土相，这种针状相割裂了基体，使得合金力学性能降低、热疲劳抗力下降。

The results show that the composite coating is metallurgically bonded to the substrate and the microstructure is fine and uniform. The hardness of the composite coating is up to 400 HV, which is 2.5 times that of the substrate. Under room temperature and oil lubrication condition, the sliding wear tests indicate the friction coefficient and weight loss of the composite coating are smaller than those of substrate. The worn surface of the composite coatings is much smoother than that of the substrate, without grooves and crater.

结果表明，复合材料涂层与基体形成良好的冶金结合，微观组织细小、均匀；复合材料涂层硬度达400HV，约为基体的2.5倍；在室温油润滑条件下，滑动磨损试验表明复合材料涂层摩擦系数和失重均小于基体，磨损表面划痕较浅且平滑，无明显的犁沟、粘着、剥落现象；激光表面合金化显著提高了材料的耐磨性。

A Ni-Cu based cladding was thus deposited, where the powdered Ni1015 was provided for the laser cladding process to form a smooth surface layer bonded metallurgically with Cu substrate, whose grain-refining microstructure is homogeneous, compact, void-free and crack-free.

用5 kW CO2激光器，通过优化激光工艺参数，在结晶器用铜合金表面预置添加SiC晶须的镍基自熔合金(Ni1015)粉，制备出表面平整、组织均匀致密、无气孔和裂纹等缺陷、与基体为冶金结合的Ni-Cu激光熔覆层。

The results indicated that with solution time increasing,Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase was dissolved into the Mg matrix and Al_2Ca phase became thinner and shorter,then gradually broken and began to spheroidize;with aging time increasing,Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase was precipitated from the Mg matrix as the form of small particles and Al_2Ca phase was stable and its shape and quantity change...

随着时效时间的增加，Mg17Al12相以细粒状从过饱和的镁基体中析出；而Al2Ca相比较稳定，其数量和形状变化极小。固溶处理后，合金硬度和拉伸强度有所下降；时效处理后，合金硬度增加到峰值后下降，拉伸强度略有升高。固溶、时效处理后轧制AM50和AM50+1Ca镁合金的塑性有所增加；而轧制AM50+2Ca镁合金固溶后塑性有所增加，时效后塑性有所下降。

The Evolutional manners and dimensional rules of γmatrix and γ'precipitates in the [001], [110] and [111] oriented specimens of nickel-base single crystal superalloy CMSX-4 during the tensile creep at 1253 K and 350 MPa were studied.The effects of the change in characteristic dimensions of γand γ' phases on the strain and strain rate were compared for the differently oriented single crystal specimens.It was found that the effect of change in mean width of γchannels along the direction of directional coarsening of γ' precipitates(the lamella spacings between adjacent rafted γ'precipitates)on the strain and strain rate is remarkable.

研究了1253K，350MPa拉伸蠕变过程中[001]，[110]和[111]取向镍基单晶高温合金CMSX－4基体相γ和析出相γ'的演变方式及相尺寸的变化规律比较了不同取向单晶试样中γ和γ'特征尺寸的变化对蠕变应变量和应变速率的影响结果表明，沿γ'定向粗化方向上γ基体通道宽度的变化速率对蠕变应变量和应变速率的影响较为明显。

The prepared coating in this paper could wet well the surface of the titanium alloy and protect it against oxidation.

在制备涂层的过程中添加了特殊的表面活性氧化物，提高涂层熔体对钛合金表面的润湿能力，使涂层对钛合金基体有良好的保护功能。

Copper-base sprayed welding alloy is produced by adding B, Si, Ni, Mn, Al, Fe and P into the copper base, which has sound heat conduction or electricity conduction performance, being antirust, with low frictional coefficient and sound adhesive friction wear resistance, easy for cutting and being smooth.

铜基喷焊合金，是在铜基体中加入B、Si、Ni、Mn、Al、Fe、P等合金元素制成的，具有良好的导热，导电性和耐蚀性，摩擦系数低，耐粘着摩擦磨损性能优良，易切削，光洁度高。

The results show that in the applied load range of 10250 N, the mass loss rate of coated AZ91D alloy can be identified to three stages, which are related with whether the coating is worn out. Abrasion is the main mechanism for the coated alloy. The friction coefficient of the coated alloy during sliding wear appears oscillation before it reaches a constant value, which is close to the μ value of the matrix alloy. The mass loss rate of coated alloy increases slightly with increasing applied load when the applied load is more than 150 N because of high plastic deformation accommodation on the matrix alloy surface.

结果表明：根据载荷大小，涂层处理后AZ91D镁合金的磨损行为明显分为3个阶段，这些阶段同陶瓷层是否磨穿密切相关；微弧氧化涂层AZ91D镁合金的磨损机理主要是磨粒磨损；受表面状况的影响，陶瓷涂层的摩擦因数在 0.20~0.45 间波动；在较高载荷下，涂层被磨穿后，涂层的摩擦因数趋于基体合金的摩擦因数，涂层合金的表面变形能力提高，该阶段质量磨损速率随载荷增加，趋势变得缓慢。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了