合金的基体

Using carbon, iron, silicon, ferrochromium, ferrotitanium and nickel powder as the raw ma terials, chromium carbide/Fe-based composite coatings with an even and smooth surface were prepared by vacuum reactive braze coating, which combined with a mild steel substrate by a metallurgical bonding.

以纯铁粉、硅粉、硼铁粉、铬铁粉、胶体石墨及镍粉为原料，通过真空反应钎涂在低碳钢基体上制备了碳化铬／铁基自熔合金复合涂层，涂层表面光滑、平整且与基体为冶金结合。应用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪及显微硬度计，研究了涂层的组织结构、成分分布和硬度分布。

In the raw metal powders were continually solid-soluble into Ni matrix and the lattice parameter of Ni-base solid-solution was increased with processing time.

在球磨过程中，原料中的Cr-Ni基母合金以及W，Mo，Ta等元素不断向Ni基体中周溶，使Ni基固溶体γ_的点阵参数逐渐增大。

Because there are many kinds of matrixes in titanium matrix composite, we select some typical ones as investigated subject in many titanium alloys or titanium aluminide intermetallics, and then simulate the distribution of thermal residual stresses under the appropriate composites fabrication and heat treatment parameter. We not only hope to seek better titanium matrix, but also discover the relationship between the material properties and the thermal residual stresses, and then provide some theoretical guidance for the selection of the matrix in titanium matrix composites.

鉴于当前钛基复合材料中钛基体的多样性，我们将在各种类型的钛合金和钛铝金属间化合物中，挑选出较为典型的作为研究对象，利用本文得到的较为理想的复合材料加工和热处理工艺参数，逐一模拟它们的残余热应力，找到残余热应力分布较为理想的钛基体，并且，希望能够寻找到材料性能与热残余应力的相互关系，为钛基复合材料基体的选择提供一定的理论指导。

The results show that the technical parameters and the concentration of sodium molybdate have obvious effect on the composition of the alloy. The crystal grain size is from 6.2 to 12.7 nm and changes with current density, temperature and the pH value of the electrolyte.The crystalline growth of the alloy accords with the model of three-dimensional growth. The surface morphology is mainly determined by the rate competitions between the growing direction of vertical surface and the expanding direction along the surface towards circumambient. The results of the X-ray data show the presence of the multiphase containing solid solution and intermetallic compound in the deposits. The deposit phases alter from the FeNi and FeMo solid solution to the FeNi and MoNi4structure at 3 A/dm2. The deposits internal stress increases linearly with the decrease of the grain size. The lattice parameter of the deposits are slightly distorted

结果表明：工艺条件和钼酸钠浓度对合金组成的影响较大；所得合金晶粒尺寸为6.2~12.7 nm，并随电流密度、温度和电镀液的pH值的改变而变化；合金的晶体生长符合晶核三维生长模型，镀层表面形貌由平行和垂直于基体的生长速度的相对大小决定；镀层物相为固溶体和金属间化合物的多相结构，当电流密度为3 A/dm2时，镀层物相由FeNi和FeMo固溶相转化为FeNi和

The intermetallic compounds are coarsened into nubbly Cu6 Sn5 phase by adding excessive Cu into Sn-Cu solder alloy. For Sn-9Zn-xCu solder alloys, the long needle-like Zn rich phase which is the mainly existing form of Zn in Sn-Zn solders is transformed into Cu5 Zn8 phase and fine Zn rich phase by the addition of 2% Cu, while CuZn phase and Cu6 Sn5 phase are formed in Sn-9Zn-10Cu bulk alloy. When soldering within short time under 260℃, the ripening and growth of IMC at Sn-xCu/Cu interface are accelerated with increasing Cu content in Sn-Cu solders.

结果表明，当Sn-Cu钎料中Cu的含量为2%时，基体中IMC粗化为块状的Cu6Sn8相；对于Sn-9Zn-xCu钎料合金，2%Cu元素的加入使得Sn-9Zn基体中长针状的富Zn相转化为Cu5Zn8相以及细小的富Zn相，而当Cu含量达到10％时，钎料基体中的IMC为CuZn相与Cu6Sn5相。

The results show that the alloy undergoes obvious plastic elongation, the specimen fractures into four sections and the diameter changes from 16 mm to 12 mm. The fracture surfaces distribute randomly well developed and partially developed veinal patterns. The deformation behavior of alloy is non-Newtonian flow behavior. About 3% amorphous matrix of extruded specimen transforms crystal, the crystal particles with size of 10-20 mm are precipitated in the amorphous matrix, the thermostability of the extruded specimen was lowered. The failure of the alloy is mainly attributed to non-uniform viscous flow under high strain rate resulting from the hydrostatic extrusion process.

结果表明：非晶合金在高应变速率下产生了明显的塑性变形，直径从16 mm变为12 mm，断裂为4段，且样品断口上随机分布着充分发展与未充分发展的脉纹式切变带，由此可看出非晶合金的变形为非牛顿体变形行为；挤压后的样品约有3％的非晶相发生晶化，在非晶基体上析出10～20 nm的纳米晶粒，导致挤压后非晶合金的热稳定性降低；静液挤压高应变速率变形条件使非晶合金产生非均匀流变，是造成非晶合金断裂的主要原因。

The results showed that the addition of the rare earth alloy powder can refine and disperse oxide particles. Through energy spectrum analysis, it was found that the rare earth congregates to Ti and the interface between metal matrix and diamonds. The active La and Ce in alloy powder can reduce the oxide film on Ti particles, increase the reactivity of Ti, and promote the reaction between Ti and diamond.

通过扫描电镜，能谱分析和X射线物相分析、比较和归纳，发现加入适量的稀土-Ni合金粉，使胎体中的氧化物颗粒细小、弥散；在添加稀土合金粉的胎体中，稀土向Ti富集并向金刚石与金属基体界面偏聚。

Using high frequency calefaction equipment, MoSi2 ceramic powder and Ni-based self-fluxing powder blended in different proportion were cladded on W6Mo5Cr4V2 steel surface. And Ni-based alloy claddings with different MoSi2 content were obtained. The microstructure of cross-section of the claddings were analyzed; the microhardness and multi-physical parameters of the claddings were measured.

中文摘要：以W6Mo5Cr4V2高速钢为基体，在其表面利用MoSi2陶瓷粉末配制的Ni基自熔性合金粉末进行高频感应加热熔覆，制得不同MoSi2配比的Ni基合金覆层；对覆层横剖面进行微观组织分析和显微硬度测试，并对熔覆层的热物性参数进行测定及分析讨论。

Adding strong-carbide-formation elements to Ni-based self-fluxing alloy powder,composite coatings were obtained,which were reinforced by in-situ synthesized particles on CrCuB alloy gray iron substrate by laser cladding.

针对车用内燃机排气门座圈高温、高交变应力和高腐蚀性工况，采用添加了强碳化物形成元素的镍基自熔合金粉末，通过激光熔覆，在CrCuB合金灰铸铁基体上制备了原位合成的颗粒增强镍基复合涂层。

Based on the Miedema model and Tanaka equation, a new method for calculating the parameters in the molecular interaction volume model has been developed to predict the activity coefficient s of multicomponent liquid alloys, in which not experimental data but only some physical properties of elements are required.

基于Miedema模型和Tanaka关系，提出了计算分子相互作用体积模型参数的新方法。该方法仅需知道元素的某些物理性质而无须熔体的实验数据，简化了计算多元合金熔体活度系数的步骤。分别计算了Ti-6Al-4V和Ti-5Al-2.5Sn在不同温度下组元活度系数的变化，计算了多种铜基合金以及Zn-Sn-Pb-Cd-Bi合金的活度或活度系数与组元配比的关系；并与Wilson模型进行了比较，计算值与实验值较好吻合

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了