合金的

Furthermore, the metallic glass samples are prepared by vacuum injection method and the rationality of above-mentioned relationships and RBF models is directly verified. It is shown that there are extremum phenomena between the Rc andΔd ,Δe and v respectively. However, the positions of the extremum are different from different alloy systems and the extremum phenomena may be related to the optimum composition region and the optimum additive quantity. More elements in the alloy are in favor of the improvement of the GFA. And as for the high GFA alloy, the atomic percentage, atomic radius difference and atomic electronegativity difference are harmoniously matched.

d、Δe和v与临界冷却速度Rc的关系中都出现极值现象，对于不同的合金体系，极值出现的位置不同；金属玻璃的最优成分范围以及各种添加元素的最佳添加量行为，可能与此极值现象相关；合金中包含的组元数目多有利于提高其玻璃形成能力，玻璃形成能力强的合金，其各个组元的原子百分含量、组元原子半径差及其电负性差之间的搭配是很和谐的；融合建模的合金系之间包含的主要组元数量和种类越相近，所建立的模型的可靠程度越高，其预测结果与实测结果越吻合。

However, magnesium alloyshave poor formability and limited ductility at room temperature ascribed totheir hexagonal close-packed crystal structure.

目前热处理细化晶粒成为提高镁合金塑性的一种有效手段，但是研究工作多集中在铸造态镁合金，关于挤压态镁合金型材的研究很少。

The inner layer of the dual-layers steel crucible is corroded badly when involved in the process of the liquid Mg. This paper talks about the experiment of immersing to find a better material, comparing the property of 2Cr13 and Q235 in liquid Mg alloy.

针对复合钢板坩埚在镁合金生产过程中，内层被镁合金液腐蚀严重的现象，设计了浸泡试验，对2Cr13与Q235的耐镁合金液腐蚀性能进行了比较。

Pr has little effect on the magnetic properties of (Nd1-xPrx)9.4Fe75.6Ti4B10.5C0.5 ribbons, ribbons with Br between 0.86T and 0.90T, iHc about 1000kA/m, andmax between 130kJ/m3 and 136kJ/m3 are all achieved with different ratio of Nd and Pr following their optimal crystallization annealing, which implies that it is possible to prepare high performance, low rare earth content nanocomposite Di-Fe-Ti-B-C permanent alloys with didymium directly.

Pr对合金薄带磁性能影响不大，直接利用稀土矿的次级分离产物Di来制备高性能低稀土含量纳米复合Di-Fe-Ti-B-C永磁合金完全可行，制备出的合金剩磁Br在0.86T与0.90T之间，内禀矫顽力iHc在1000kA/m左右，最大磁能积max介于130kJ/m3与136kJ/m3之间。

In summary, to judge whether the content of lead alloy can be achieved in the corresponding duty exemption, First, we must judge whether lead in the presence of alloying elements such as alloy.

综上所述，要判断合金中的铅含量是否可以达到相应的豁免值，就要首先判断铅是否是作为合金元素存在于这些合金当中。

Silicon-manganese and aluminium-manganese are used to deoxidize and alloying to substitule ferromanganese,ferrosilicon and aluminium in BOF,which can increase recovery rate of alloys,reduce cost,and improve steel quality.

对氧气顶吹转炉采用硅锰和铝锰替代硅铁、锰铁和铝锭进行脱氧合金化，可以提高合金回收率，降低炼钢成本，提高钢的质量，是较理想的脱氧合金。

Moreover, the hot compressive deformation behavior of the RS/PM AZ91 magnesium alloy and AZ91 alloy matrix composite were also investigated, the conclusions are drawn as follows:1. The processing parameters of the atomization-twin rolls quenching technology were optimized as follows: the diameter of the nozzle 1mm, the wheel velocity 25m/s, the pressure of atomization gas 0.3MPa and Ar gas for melt injection 0.1MPa. The RS AZ91 alloy flakes exhibited fine and uniform microstructures. When the flakes were extruded at 673K, extruded velocity of 0.1mm/min and extrusion ratio of 25:1,the magnesium alloy rods with clean surface, uniform dimension and excellent mechanical properties were obtained.2. The RS AZ91 magnesium alloy powders prepared by atomization-twin rolls quenched technology exhibited fine equiaxed grains with the grain size of 1-3μm, the phase constituent included supersaturate solid solution phaseα-Mg and miner fineβ-Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase. The as-extruded materials also exhibited equiaxed grains with the size of 5-7μm and a large number of fineβ-Al_(12)Mg_(17) and fewer AlMg_2Zn phases were detected in the alloy.

本文还研究了快速凝固/粉末冶金AZ91镁合金热压缩变形流变应力行为，快速凝固/粉末冶金法原位生成Mg_2Si增强AZ91镁基复合材料，经过系统的研究，获得如下结论：1、雾化-双辊急冷法在下列工艺参数组合下：双辊线速度25m/s；喷嘴直径1mm；熔体压射压力0.1MPa；雾化气体压力0.3MPa。，可获得宏观尺寸细小、微观组织均匀细小、综合性能优良的的快速凝固AZ91镁合金细碎箔带，快速凝固箔带在挤压温度为673K、挤压速度为0.1mm/min，挤压比为25：1时，可获得的外表光洁、尺寸均匀、组织性能优异的镁合金棒材。2、雾化-双辊急冷法制备的AZ91镁合金粉末态为细小等轴晶组织，晶粒尺寸1-3μm，组织为α-Mg过饱和固溶体和微量的细小β-Mg_(17)Al_(12)相组成；粉末挤压棒材为等轴晶组织，晶粒尺寸5-7μm，组织中含有大量细小的β-Al_(12)Mg_(17)以及AlMg_2Zn析出相，室温力学性能，抗拉强度383MPa，屈服强度275MPa，断后伸长率7.5%。

The coarse needle-like or nubby Al9FeNi phase existed in the cast microstructure of high content Fe and Ni alloy 2618(2#). After hot extrusion, it was broken into coarse multi-angle Al9FeNi particles. The contents of Fe and Ni have no effect on aging characteristic and the hardness of the alloy after aging.

含锆的高铁、镍2618合金经熔体高温过热处理后(4#)，在合金铸态组织中获得均匀细小的针片状Al_9FeNi相，热挤压后获得均匀细小的颗粒Al_9FeNi相；弥散Al_3Zr粒子的存在可使2618合金得到细小的再结晶晶粒组织，该合金既可获得较高的高温强度，还可获得较高的延伸率。

They are FF testing methods, surface treatment technique, evaluation of the properties of surface modification layer, coating induced embrittlement, selection of coating materials, effects of SP and other surface modification on fretting fatigue resistance . A new coating technology combined with shot peening is proved in improving FFR of titanium alloy. The relation between fretting wear and fretting fatigue mechanism of titanium alloy are discussed on the basis of the experimental results. The main contributions are as follows:(1) Shot peening is the most efficient way in improving fretting fatigue resistance of titanium alloys. Working hardening, roughening and compressive residual stress are involved in the shot peened surface.

本文针对上述问题，从影响FF行为的关键环节：FF实验方法、表面处理工艺技术及表层性能评价、镀层引起的钛合金脆化行为、脆化机制及镀层材料的选择、喷丸强化因数和表面涂层对钛合金FF抗力的影响、FF与微动磨损的联系等，深入系统地研究影响钛合金FF抗力的控制因数，探讨FF机理，并通过喷丸形变强化与新型表面镀或渗层合理复合，达到进一步提高钛合金FF抗力的目的。

The results show that with the increase of strain rate, the grain sizes of thermal simulation AZ31B alloys with different deformation all decrease; however, when other conditions are the same, the higher deformation will lead to the formation of the smaller grain size, and as the cooling intensity decreases, typical cast structure of AZ31B will appear. With the decrease of roll casting temperature, the dendritic size of roll casting AZ31B alloy sheet prepared by the same strain rate is also reduced, but with the increase of strain rate, the dendritic size of the alloy sheet prepared by the same initial roll casting temperature is decreased, and the tendency of dendritic streamline is strengthened. During the roll casting process of AZ31B alloy, rolling force should not be large, otherwise it will cause heat cracking.

研究结果表明：在不同应变量下，热模拟样品的晶粒粒度均随应变速率的增加而减小，而当其他条件相同时，变形量越大晶粒粒度越小，冷却强度降低，合金呈典型铸态组织；利用铸轧技术生产的AZ31B合金，当应变速率一定时，随着初始铸轧温度的降低，铸轧态板材的树枝晶粒度逐渐减小；而在初始铸轧温度一定时，随着应变速率的增大，铸轧态合金板材的树枝晶粒度也逐渐减小；而随着应变速率的提高，树枝晶沿轧向呈流线状排列的趋势增强；在AZ31B合金铸轧过程中，轧制力不能太大，否则容易引起热裂。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。