合金的

OBJECTIVE: To study the artifacts of hard cobalt-chromium casting alloy, soft Co-Cr casting alloy, gold alloy and 3 kinds of metallic materials in head and neck scan sequence.

目的：观察硬质钴铬铸造合金、软质钴铬铸造合金、金合金3种金属材料在5种不同头颈部扫描序列中的伪影。

The results show that:(1) after MA for 20h, single phase bcc nanocrystalline supersaturate solid solution formed in Fe84Nb7B9 and Fe80Ti8B12 alloys; the thermal stability of nanocrystalline microstructure in Fe80Ti8B12 alloy was improved significantly than that in Fe84Nb7B9 alloy, and the decomposition temperature of supersaturate solid solution decreased in Fe80Ti8B12 alloy.(2) under 30MPa/900℃/0.5h hot-press sintering conditions, the relative density of Fe84Nb7B9 and Fe80Ti8B12 bulk alloys were 96.7% and 95.5%, respectively. Compared with Fe84Nb7B9 alloy (muti-phase microstructure), Fe80Ti8B12 alloy was composed of superfine crystalline (50~200nm) of single phase α-Fe;(3) the magnetic properties of Fe80Ti8B12 bulk alloy σ(subscript s=198.6emu/g, H=54.6Oe were more excellent than that of Fe84Nb7B9 bulk alloy σ(subscript s=162.9emu/g, H=105.1G, it was related to the different phases formed during hot-press sintering and the grain size of nanocrystalline powder.

结果表明：(1)20hMA后，Fe84Nb7B9和Fe80Ti8B12均形成了单相bcc纳米晶过饱和固溶体，相对前者，后者纳米晶组织热稳定性明显提高，过饱和固溶体相分解温度略有降低；(2)在30MPa/900℃／0.5h热压条件下，Fe84Nb7B9和Fe80Ti8B12块体合金相对密度分别为96.7%和95.5%，相对前者，后者由超细晶(50~200nm)单相α-Fe组成；(3)Fe80Ti8B12块体合金软磁性能σ(下标 s=198.6emu/g，H＝54.6Oe明显高於Fe84Nb7B9块体合金σ(下标 s=162.9emu/g，H＝105.1Oe，此与纳米晶粉末在热压烧结过程中所形成相的种类和晶粒尺寸大小有关。

Experiments show that the formation of tertiary dendrite depends strongly on the alloy type and alloy content. It is hard to form tertiary dendrite for hypoeutectic but easy for hypereutectic.

试验表明，三次枝晶的形成强烈依赖合金类型和合金成分，亚共晶的Pb-Sn合金很难形成三次枝晶，而过共晶的Pb-Sn合金则易于形成三次枝晶。

Through designing of composition and structure of the bioactive graded coating,innerstress and its distribution in the coating were analyzed and calculated, the resultsshowed that when composition distribution coefficient n was 1.5, a reasonable stressdistribution could be got, that was at the beginning of deposition the suspension containingrichly BG granules was used so that a rich BG granules layer, a good transitional layerbetween BG layer at the bottom and the coating could be obtained at the titanium alloy side,the bottom of the coating; the stress value near the interface and surface and its character,pressure stress or tensile stress, were decided by the character of its composition itself.Changing composition distribution coefficient n could only change the variation tendency ofstress in the coating, but did not change the stress distribution rule in the coating. Thethinner the coating is, the sharper stress variation in the coating is, which does not mean thatthicker coating is better because the thicker the coating is, the little the permitteddeformation of coating is, so the coating thickness should be thinner, for example, about50μm for bending applications, but for applications only bearing pure shear stress, such asroot of tooth implant, the coating can be thicker little, for instance, about 80～100μm. The study on electrification characteristic and electrophoresis deposition of HAand BG granules in aqueous and non-aqueous solution system found that EPD almost didn'toccur in aqueous solution system. However, because HA granules take position charges inabsolute alcohol, a homogeneous EPD be carried out on the cathode titanium alloy slice, but taking negative charge in absolute alcohol the BG granules not be deposited on the cathode. A guided HA crystallizing, 100～300nm, on surface of the BG granules be realized by metathetical reaction, which cover BG granules with HA microcrystals and make the covered BG granules taking position charges in absolute alcohol, sequentially realize the EPCD of the BG and HA granules on the cathode, so it is feasible to make a titanium alloy/BG/HA bioactive graded coating by making use of EPCD technology. The corrosion experiment of rich boron bioglass coating and plasma spray coating showed that split phase, rich boron and rich silicon phase, occurred during its preparation. In basic medium the corrosion behavior of 〓 BG coating showed uniformity corrosion, the corrosion mostly occurred at rich boron phase area, therefore batch formula design of BGshould avoid the occurring of split phase. The corrosion appearance of plasma spray coatingappeared a non-uniform corrosion, mostly occurred at the edge of the laminated HA moltendrops, and emerged an accelerated corrosion tendency, which will easyly lead to corrosioncrackles extending to the interface and the happening of osmotic interfacial corrosion, thatmay be one of the major reasons leading to the coating cracking-off in the later period. Thetesting results of thermal expansion coefficient of 〓 and 〓BG showed the thermalexpansion coefficient of 〓 BG matched with that of titanium alloy better, and 〓 BG couldsinter with titanium alloy into densification enamel layer at low temperature (720℃).

将Ti6Al4V合金在1000℃下进行真空热处理会降低其力学性能，且合金内的V元素会向表面富集，因此，钛合金真空热处理和表面涂层的烧结温度不能过高，即应低于其相转变点；通过对生物活性梯度涂层的组成和结构的设计，分析和计算了梯度涂层内的应力大小和分布，结果表明：对于本研究，当成分分布系数n=1.5时，可以获得较合理的涂层力学性能，即在沉积开始时，采用富含BG颗粒的悬浮液，以便在钛合金侧获得同底层BG有良好过渡的富BG涂层；梯度涂层界面和表面的应力大小、性质由材料组成本身的性质决定，改变成分分布系数，只能改变涂层内应力变化的趋势；涂层的厚薄不影响涂层内的应力分布规律，但涂层越薄，涂层内的应力变化越快，但这并不意味着涂层越厚越好，因为涂层越厚，涂层允许的变形越小，对于应用于弯曲受力部位的涂层而言，涂层应薄一点为好(50μm)；而对于仅纯受剪切应力的部位，如牙根种植体，涂层可适当加厚(80～100μm)；通过对HA和BG颗粒在水溶液体系和非水溶液体系中的带电特性和电泳沉积的研究发现，它们在水溶液体系中很难发生电沉积；在无水乙醇溶液中，HA颗粒带正电，可在阴极钛合金片上发生均匀的电泳沉积，而BG颗粒则带负电荷；利用复分解反应法，可以制得100～300nm的HA，通过诱导HA在BG颗粒表面结晶，可对BG颗粒进行表面包覆，获得了被HA包覆的BG颗粒，改变了BG颗粒表面的带电特性，使BG和HA颗粒在无水乙醇中均带上正电荷，从而实现了HA和BG颗粒在阴极上的共沉积。

The result demonstrates that only a few phosphides contribute to spontaneous crumbing of the RE silicide alloy by reacting with water and forming oxide or phosphorus oxide. The phosphorus content is not the crucial factor of disintegration of the alloy studied.

结果表明：含磷稀土硅化物合金中只有少部分磷化物能够水化，生成氧化物或含磷氧化物，从而对合金粉化起作用；在本实验研究范围内，磷含量不是稀土硅化物合金粉化的决定因素。

After douching with alcohol to remove excess blood and animal tissue,confined preservation,the magnesium alloy implants in group A and B were observed by SEM and analyzed by EDS.

方法在实验动物单侧下颌骨植入带有B-TCP涂层的条型镁合金内固定系统，并以未处理镁合金及钛合金内固定系统作为对照组。

To investigate the effect of firing/repolishing on surface composition and microstructure of four metal-ceramic alloys.

目的 探讨临床烤瓷／抛光工序对4种常用烤瓷合金（3种非贵金属Ni-Cr、Ni-Cr-Ti、Co-Cr合金和1种高贵Au合金）表面元素组成及微观结构的影响机理。

Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr aluminum alloys were prepared by electromagnetic casting and direct chill casting, respectively. The effects of electromagnetic field on as-cast microstructure and alloy elements solid solubility inside crystals of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr aluminum alloy were investigated.

摘 要：分别采用电磁铸造和普通连铸技术制备Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr合金，研究电磁场对合金显微组织、合金元素晶内固溶度的影响。

Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr aluminum alloys were prepared by electromagnetic casting and direct chill casting, respectively. The effects of electromagnetic field on as-cast microstructure and alloy elements solid solubility inside crystals of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr aluminum alloy were investigated.

分别采用电磁铸造和普通连铸技术制备Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr合金，研究电磁场对合金显微组织、合金元素晶内固溶度的影响。

Carbide in the process of grinding, the powder will produce some waste, recycling all kinds of high-priced steel scrap tungsten carbide tool steel and tungsten, tungsten alloy Trim, grinding material, PCB waste bit, tungsten steel tool, used powder tungsten, tungsten steel powder, tungsten steel scrap, carbide grinding materials, including waste tungsten alloy grinding expected, the film cutter, drill, milling cutter , NC knives, cutting-tungsten steel mold, drawing die, a round cutter, saw, anvil, PCB bit, V-CUT knives, gongs, knives, a high proportion of alloy, non-magnetic alloy, tungsten steel powder, tungsten wire cutter Tungsten steel waste, and other tools.

硬质合金在打磨的过程中，会产生一些粉末废料，高价回收各种硬质合金钨钢报废工具以及钨钢、钨合金边角料、磨削料、废PCB钻头、钨钢工具、废钨粉、钨钢粉末、钨钢废料、硬质合金磨削料、含钨废料、合金磨削料、铣刀片、钻头、立铣刀、数控刀具、线切割钨钢模具、拉丝模具、圆切刀、锯片、顶锤、PCB钻头、V-CUT刀、锣刀、高比重合金、无磁合金、钨钢粉末、钨绞丝等各种钨钢废工具。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。