合金的

The results show that proper RRA heat treatment can improve SCC properties with retention of the high strength of T6 level. After preaging at 100℃for 24 h, retrogression at 200℃for 7 min, and reaging at 100℃for 24 h, the ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the alloy are 795 MPa, 767 MPa and 9.1%, respectively. Meanwhile the failure time of the alloy applied to tensile strength of 210MPa in 3.0%NaCl+0.5%H2O2corrosion condition is longer than 720 h. The corresponding TEM observation shows that after retrogression for 7 min and re-aging treatment, the microstructure of grain boundary is similar to that treated in the T73 condition with coarsen and isolated distribution, and the microstructure inside grain is similar to that treated in the T6 condition with small and homogeneous distribution.

研究结果表明：在峰值时效T6状态下合金强度高，但抗应力腐蚀性能差；采用合适的RRA热处理工艺既能使合金保持T6状态下的高强度的同时，又能显著改善合金的抗应力腐蚀性能；经回归7 min RRA处理后合金的晶界类似T73态析出相聚集粗化，而晶内类似T6态析出相细小弥散分布，在拉伸应力为210 MPa和3.0%NaCl+0.5%H2O2腐蚀液中，其断裂时间大于720 h，相应的抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率分别为795 MPa， 767 MPa和9.1%，显示优越的综合性能。

The results show that proper RRA heat treatment can improve SCC properties with retention of the high strength of T6 level. After pre-aging at 100 ℃ for 24 h, retrogression at 200 ℃ for 7 min, and reaging at 100 ℃ for 24 h, the ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the alloy are 795 MPa, 767 MPa and 9.1%, respectively. Meanwhile the failure time of the alloy applied to tensile strength of 210 MPa in 3.0%NaCl+0.5%H2O2 corrosion condition is longer than 720 h. The corresponding TEM observation shows that after retrogression for 7 min and re-aging treatment, the microstructure of grain boundary is similar to that treated in the T73 condition with coarsen and isolated distribution, and the microstructure inside grain is similar to that treated in the T6 condition with small and homogeneous distribution.

研究结果表明：在峰值时效T6状态下合金强度高，但抗应力腐蚀性能差；采用合适的RRA热处理工艺既能使合金保持T6状态下的高强度的同时，又能显著改善合金的抗应力腐蚀性能；经回归7 min RRA处理后合金的晶界类似T73态析出相聚集粗化，而晶内类似T6态析出相细小弥散分布，在拉伸应力为210 MPa和3.0%NaCl+0.5%H2O2腐蚀液中，其断裂时间大于720 h，相应的抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率分别为795 MPa， 767 MPa和9.1%，显示优越的综合性能。

The results show that proper RRA heat treatment can improve SCC properties with retention of the high strength of T6 level. After pre-aging at 100℃ for 24 h, retrogression at 200℃ for 7 min, and reaging at 100℃ for 24 h, the ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the alloy are 795 MPa, 767 MPa and 9.1%, respectively. Meanwhile the failure time of the alloy applied to tensile strength of 210 MPa in 3.0%NaCl+0.5% H2O2 corrosion condition is longer than 720 h. The corresponding TEM observation shows that after retrogression for 7 min and re-aging treatment, the micro- structure of grain boundary is similar to that treated in the T73 condition with coarsen and isolated distribution, and the microstructure inside grain is similar to that treated in the T6 condition with small and homogeneous distribution.

研究结果表明：在峰值时效T6状态下合金强度高，但抗应力腐蚀性能差；采用合适的RRA热处理工艺既能使合金保持T6状态下的高强度的同时，又能显著改善合金的抗应力腐蚀性能；经回归7min RRA处理后合金的晶界类似T73态析出相聚集粗化，而晶内类似T6态析出相细小弥散分布，在拉伸应力为210 MPa和3.0%NaCl+0.5%H2O2腐蚀液中，其断裂时间大于720h，相应的抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率分别为795 MPa，767 MPa和9.1%，显示优越的综合性能。

A new kind of magnesium alloys has been synthesized by high energy ball-milling of Mg and Fe mixed powders.Due to the high corrosion speed and reacting efficiency,the alloys are generally called super-corroding alloys.A SCA bulk is fabricated through cold-pressing and sintering the mechanically alloyed Mg-Fe powders.The chemical reaction of SCA with seawater rapidly releases heat and hydrogen gas,which may play very important roles in many ocean applications.For example,the reaction heat can be used to keep diver clothes warm;SCA corrosive links with the function of self-destruction can be utilized to control the sinking and floating of sonobuoy, and to salvage the training torpedo or other instruments.In addition,the reaction heat of SCA can be applied to heat food,machinery and ice or snow,which is thus very helpful for mountaineers.

超腐蚀合金采用Mg和Fe混合粉末，经高能球磨机械合金化、冷压、烧结，形成Mg-Fe合金块体，具有很高的海水腐蚀速率和反应效率，该合金化学反应放出的热量和氢气可在海洋工程中发挥重要作用，例如：可为深海作业潜水衣的保暖提供热量；由其制造的腐蚀链通过自毁机制，可用来控制声纳浮标的沉浮时间，打捞和回收水中的贵重仪器、装置以及训练用的靶雷；在偏远地区和寒冷地带，利用该合金的反应放热特性，不仅可加热机械、仪表或食品，而且能为登山运动员提供取暖所需的热量。

ABSTRACT Amorphization of Cu-Zr system by mechanical alloying of elemental Cu and Zr powder mixtures (30-65at% Cu) and mechanical grinding of the alloys with Cu concentration ranging from 59 to 75at% have been extensively investigated. The structural changes, crystallization behavior as well as atomic short range ordering were followed by differential scanning calorimetry , X-ray diffractometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy .

本文采用多种技术系统地研究了球磨Cu和Zr混合粉末制备的Cu〓Zr〓（x=30，33，40，50，55，59，65）非晶合金的形成过程和球磨金属间化合物得到的Cu〓Zr〓（x=59，65，70，75）非晶合金的形成过程，比较了它们形成过程的异同，同时研究了球磨形成的非晶合金的晶化行为以及原子短程有序结构，并与急冷非晶合金作了详细的比较。

The current theory and application of Al-Si alloy mainly focus on the study of hypoeutectic and eutectic, therefore we systematically analyzed the modification process of hypereutectic Al-Si alloy based on the methods and results of predecessors. Several factors including the modification temperature, the content of modifier, the available holding time, the times of repeat melting , the casting temperature and the speed for cooling have been studied in order to understand its effects to the composition, function and performances of primary silicon and eutectic silicon.

中文摘要本文针对目前Al-Si合金相关应用和理论的研究多集中于亚共晶和共晶合金的情况，在前人的研究成果和研究方法的基础上，对过共晶Al-Si合金变质处理进行了较为系统的分析，研究了变质剂的成分配比、变质温度、变质剂的加入量、变质后的静置时间、浇注温度及冷却速度等因素对过共晶铝硅合金中初晶硅和共晶硅的大小、形状、数量和分布的影响。

The current theory and application of Al-Si alloy mainly focus on the study of hypoeutectic and eutectic, therefore we systematically analyzed the modification process of hypereutectic Al-Si alloy based on the methods and results of predecessors. Several factors including the modification temperature, the content of modifier, the available holding time, the times of repeat melting , the casting temperature and the speed for cooling have been studied in order to understand its effects to the composition, function and performances of primary silicon and eutectic silicon.

本文针对目前Al-Si合金相关应用和理论的研究多集中于亚共晶和共晶合金的情况，在前人的研究成果和研究方法的基础上，对过共晶Al-Si合金变质处理进行了较为系统的分析，研究了变质剂的成分配比、变质温度、变质剂的加入量、变质后的静置时间、浇注温度及冷却速度等因素对过共晶铝硅合金中初晶硅和共晶硅的大小、形状、数量和分布的影响。

The results show that the CNTs are dispersed effectively by bell jar immersing precast block casting. The maximal tensile strength and the elongation of the AZ31/CNTs composites are enhanced by 41.3% and 119.4%, respectively, and the elastic modulus and micro-hardness are also raised by 67.8% and 66.9%, respectively, when compared with those of the as-cast AZ31 Mg alloys. The CNTs can greatly refine the grains of the composites, playing a good role in reinforcing the matrixes of AZ31 Mg alloy. The fracture sections of the composites mainly consist of dimples and prisms, which demonstrates quasi- cleavage fracture modes.

结果表明：钟罩压块法可以有效地将碳纳米管分散到镁合金熔体中；CNTs对AZ31镁合金的力学性能有较强的增强效果，与本研究中的铸造AZ31合金相比，AZ31/CNTs复合材料的最大抗拉强度和伸长率分别提高41.3%和119.4%，弹性模量和显微硬度分别提高67.8%和66.9%；CNTs对AZ31镁合金基体晶粒的细化作用显著，与镁基体界面结合较好；复合材料试样断口形貌由韧窝和撕裂棱组成，呈现准解理断裂特征。

The results show that T225NG Ti-alloy has good property of resisting hydrogen brittleness in atmosphere and in loop water. Hydrogen brittleness of T225NG Ti-alloy is hydride brittleness. This is due to the forming of hydride caused by a large amount of hydrogen dissolved in and oxide film on the surface of T225NG ...

研究结果表明：T225NG钛合金在空气和高温高压高纯水的环境下具有良好的抗氢脆性能； T225NG 钛合金的氢脆属于氢化物脆性，这是由于T225NG钛合金中渗入的氢导致氢化物的析出引起的；T225NG钛合金表面氧化膜对它优良的抗氢脆性能起了决定性的作用。

Based on the study of 1420 Al-Li alloy strengthened by a single precipitate, the author study strengthening contributions and their anisotropies of each phase and that of deformed textures to anisotropy in 2090 and 2090+Ce alloys strengthened by two precipitates, by reversion treatment and the exponential additional rule.

在研究单相强化的1420合金的基础上，通过回溶处理和指数叠加法研究了两相强化的2090及2090+Ce合金中各析出相对合金的强化贡献及其各向异性、形变织构对合金各向异性的贡献。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。