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The reclaiming and recycling magnesium alloy were must taken into account and settled with exploiture of magnesium alloy.

本文概述了镁合金产业的动向和镁合金技术新进展。7。必须在开发镁合金的同时考虑和解决镁合金的回收和再生问题。

Sb can combine with Cu and P to form a low melting point compound which lowers the melting point of binary Cu-8P eutectic alloy by nearly 200℃. Bi and Cu can create compounds with low melting point(270℃) distributing at the boundaries and that is the reason why the melting point of (Cu-8P)-Bi is lower than that of binary Cu-8P eutectic alloy. The eutectic cluster can be refined with the addition of Fe, and that is the reason why the addition of Fe can decrease the melting point of Cu-8P alloy. Two means of decreasing the melting point of Cu-8P are found.

一定量的Sb与Cu， P形成低熔点相，从而大幅降低了Cu-8P合金的熔点，使其熔点降低近200℃；加入少量Bi后， Bi与Cu在共晶团晶界上形成熔点为270℃左右的低熔点化合物，且Bi的加入明显细化Cu-8P合金共晶团，从而使Cu-8P合金的熔点降低；加入Fe能明显细化Cu-8P合金的共晶团，使层片间距由8μm减为2μm以下，并使共晶团由层片状向短棒状转变，虽然Fe与Cu形成熔点为806℃的高温相，但Fe的细化作用使得Cu-8P合金的熔点降低，但降低幅度不大。

The results show that the flow stress decreases with increasing deforming temperature and increases with increasing strain rate. The flow stress of the alloy during hot compression deformation can be described by constitutive equation in hyperbolic sine function with a hot deformation activation energy of 196.27 kJ/mol. Partial recystallization takes place in the alloys deformed at a high temperature or at a low strain rate, and large number of dislocations and subgrains are observed in the alloy. The elongated grains observed in the samples coarsen with increasing temperature and decreasing strain rate. Correspondingly, the subgrain size increases and the dislocation density decreases. The main soften mechanism of the alloy transforms from dynamic recovery to dynamic recrystallization.

结果表明：Al-Cu-Mg-Ag耐热铝合金在热压缩变形中的流变应力随着温度的升高而减小，随着应变速率的增大而增大；该合金的热压缩变形流变应力行为可用双曲正弦形式的本构方程来描述，其变形激活能为196.27kJ/mol；在变形温度较高或应变速率较低的合金中发生部分再结晶，并且在合金组织中存在大量的位错和亚晶；随着温度的升高和应变速率的降低，合金中拉长的晶粒发生粗化，亚晶尺寸增大，位错密度减小，合金的主要软化机制逐步由动态回复转变为动态再结晶。

It is indicated that the damping of the alloy is induced by phase interface slipping or grain boundary viscous sliding, the infinitesimal plastic deformation which is caused by the difference of elastic modules and heat expansion coefficients between phases of the alloy.

结果表明： ZA27-4%Si合金阻尼随频率增大而减小，随温度升高而增大，阻尼不随应变振幅的变化而变化； ZA27-4%Si合金室温阻尼为5.83×10-3，与ZA27合金阻尼相当； ZA27-4%Si合金的阻尼是由合金内部的晶界和相界面滑动、位错振动以及各相的热膨胀系数和弹性模量间差造成的微塑性变形共同造成的。

Seven experimental Monel K-500 alloy were prepared with various addition schemes. The microstructures of seven experimental alloys in hot roll condition were examined, which showed no obviously difference. However, after solution treatment, the grains of the Mg added 2〓 alloy grew apparently, which are much bigger than the grain size of standard Monel K-500 alloy with no additive. It implies that the minor Mg element had purified the grain boundary.

7种合金在轧制状态时的显微组织并无明显的差别，但经固溶热处理后，加Mg的2〓合金的晶粒明显长大，大于未加微量元素的MonelK-500合金的晶粒，显示Mg在合金中有净化晶界的作用，但同时添加了Mg、Cr、Co元素的6〓合金，它们的共同作用使晶粒长大的阻力又增加了。

The formation of secondary phase in the non-equilibrium peritectic reaction was observed by precise transmission electron microscopy analysis. The microstructural evolution and phase selection regularities under different solidification velocities were constructed from the laser resolidification experiments. A new phenomenon involving two-phase coupled growth was firstly detected in the rapidly solidified Ti-Al peritectic alloy. The Ti-45Al-2Cr-2Nb alloy with fully lamellar structure ( a 2+ g ) was taken as an object to investigate the possible preparation of bulky metastable g phase materials based on both adjusting the competing nucleation relation and changing the growth kinetics condition.

首先通过过冷合金微观组织分析界定了各包晶合金熔体中各竞争相以初生相出现的过冷度区间；结合高温区的相图计算，从各相形核孕育时间角度揭示了过冷熔体中亚稳相与稳定相的竞争形核关系；通过精细微观组织分析，阐明了远离平衡时包晶反应中次生相的形成机理；在激光重凝快速凝固实验中建立了不同凝固速度下合金的组织与相形成规律，并对包晶合金中两相共生生长行为进行了深入分析；最后选取初生相为 a 的全层片 Ti-45Al-2Cr-2Nb 合金，从调整各相竞争形核关系和改变晶体生长动力学条件两个方面探索了块状亚稳 g 相材料的制备和控制。

In this paper,the forming mechanism and affecting favtor of bulk metallic glasses is systematically discussed from the aspects of thermodynamic, kinetic and microstructure . Thermodynamic factors which favor the amorphization of alloys analyzed, the glass forming range of ternary alloys system was proposed by using Miedema theory, Toop model and considering the influence of free energy of pure metals at different temperature. The approach was applied to predict the composition range of amorphous Mg-Cu-La alloys. Several methods(such as three empirical criterions ,binary alloys phase diagram , Miedema theory and Toop mode) were used to design a series of Mg65Cu25La10 、Mg68Cu17La15 and Mg57Cu23La20 alloys, These bulk amorphous alloys with maximum diameter thickness reaching to 1mm were prepared by means of graphite-molding casting though the raw materials are of a low purity by conventional casting processes at a low cooling rate.

本文从合金的热力学、动力学及结构形成条件方面系统的讨论了Mg 基大块非晶的形成机制及影响因素，并从非晶形成的热力学观点出发，综合应用Miedema理论和Toop 模型，并考虑纯金属在不同温度下的自由能，在此基础上提出了一种定量预测三元非晶合金形成范围的方法，用该方法计算Mg-Cu-La 三元合金系的非晶形成范围，应用多项技术(三经验原则、二元合金相图及Miedema 理论和Toop模型)设计了Mg65Cu25La10 、Mg68Cu17La15 和Mg57Cu23La20非晶合金。

The results show that the alloy undergoes obvious plastic elongation, the specimen fractures into four sections and the diameter changes from 16 mm to 12 mm. The fracture surfaces distribute randomly well developed and partially developed veinal patterns. The deformation behavior of alloy is non-Newtonian flow behavior. About 3% amorphous matrix of extruded specimen transforms crystal, the crystal particles with size of 10-20 mm are precipitated in the amorphous matrix, the thermostability of the extruded specimen was lowered. The failure of the alloy is mainly attributed to non-uniform viscous flow under high strain rate resulting from the hydrostatic extrusion process.

结果表明：非晶合金在高应变速率下产生了明显的塑性变形，直径从16 mm变为12 mm，断裂为4段，且样品断口上随机分布着充分发展与未充分发展的脉纹式切变带，由此可看出非晶合金的变形为非牛顿体变形行为；挤压后的样品约有3％的非晶相发生晶化，在非晶基体上析出10～20 nm的纳米晶粒，导致挤压后非晶合金的热稳定性降低；静液挤压高应变速率变形条件使非晶合金产生非均匀流变，是造成非晶合金断裂的主要原因。

The P-C-T curves for Ti_(0.17)Zr_(0.08)V_(0.35)- Cr_(0.1)Ni_(0.3) and Ti_(0.17)Zr_(0.08)V_(0.35)Cr_(0.1)Ni_(0.3)Mm_(0.01) alloys have been depicted by electrochemical methods. It is shown that as temperature rises, the hydrogen equilibrium pressure of the alloys goes up, but the hydrogen desorbing performance deteriorates. After addition of Mm, the hydrogen equilibrium pressure of the alloy comes down, and the hydrogen desorbing performance meliorates.

同时本文还通过电化学方法绘制了Ti_(0.17)Zr_(0.08)V_(0.35)Cr_(0.1)Ni_(0.3)和Ti_(0.17)Zr_(0.08)V_(0.35)Cr_(0.1)Ni_(0.3)Mm_(0.01)合金的P-C-T曲线，发现，温度上升时，Ti_(0.17)Zr_(0.08)V_(0.35)Cr_(0.1)Ni_(0.3)合金的平衡氢压上升，随温度上升，合金的放氢特性变差；添加Mm后，合金的平衡氢压降低，曲线的整体斜率变小，放氢平台宽度增大，说明合金的放氢特性得到改善。

Through the morphological observation on silicon particles of Al-Si-Cu-Mg cast alloy, it is found, that during solution heat treatment the evolution of eutectic silicon morphology and their effect on mechanical property can be classified into three stages. In the initial stage, necking, stubbing and fragmentation of silicon particles results in an improvement in plasticity of the alloy. In the intermediate stage, the mechanical properties of the alloy attain peak values due to the spheroidization of silicon particles.

在固溶处理过程中，共晶硅相形貌发生了显著的变化，并对合金的性能产生了很大的影响；通过定量金相分析，共晶硅相形貌的演变及其对合金力学性能的影响可划分为三个阶段：固溶初期硅相的熔断和钝化使合金的塑性得到显著的提高；固溶中期以粒化为主，合金的力学性能达到了峰值；固溶后期硅相的粗化符合LSW粗化模型，硅相形貌呈现棱角小面特性，合金性能降低。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。