合金的

The detailed procedures of the method are as follows: the charging material of Ti-6Al-4V alloy is put into the crucible of an induction skull melter, heated and melted under the environment of high-purity argon and 400-700Pa pressure; pre-coated bars with the TiH2 of the weight accounting for 0.09 to 0.2 percent of the charging material are added in; when the hydrogen-contained titanium alloy in the crucible cools and the temperature drops below 300 DEG C, the charging material is vented off and cooled until the temperature equal to room temperature.

它的具体方法为：将Ti-6Al-4V合金的炉料装入感应凝壳熔炼炉的坩埚中，在压力为400～700Pa的高纯氩气环境中进行加热熔化；然后熔入含炉料质量0.09％～0.2％的TiH2的预制棒；当坩埚中含氢的钛合金逐渐冷却凝固并降温至300℃以下后，破真空，进一步冷却至室温。

Preferential oxidation of Ti on NiTi alloy surface has been observed and was consistent with the experimental result and the free energy of formation A G?(298K) of NiO, TiO, TiO2. Mulliken population and the partial density of state analysis showed that the interaction between Ti and O atoms was mainly donated by O 2p and Ti 4s orbital and O 2p and Ti 3d, 4s, 4p hybridization orbital. The electron structure in NiTi bulk material was not altered during 62 molecule adsorption process and the surface passivation oxide formation.

进一步对钛与氧之间相互作用本质的研究表明，O 2p轨道和Ti 4s轨道以及O 2p轨道和Ti 3d 4s 4p杂化轨道间的相互作用是NiTi合金表面氧分子吸附的驱动力，在此过程中，NiTi合金的体相结构没有发生变化，从而保证了其一系列力学性能和形状记忆特性在表面氧化后不发生明显的变化，使表面改性的工作可以安全、可靠的完成而不影响其植入人体后发挥正常的生理功能。

Mulliken population and the partial density of state analysis showed that the interaction between Ti and O atoms was mainly donated by O 2p and Ti 4s orbital and O 2p and Ti 3d, 4s, 4p hybridization orbital. The electron structure in NiTi bulk material was not altered during O〓 molecule adsorption process and the surface passivation oxide formation. Thus the mechanical properties and shape memory effect would not change after NiTi alloy surface oxidation. Stable microstructure demonstrates reliability of implant material.

进一步对钛与氧之间相互作用本质的研究表明，O 2p轨道和Ti 4s轨道以及O 2p轨道和Ti 3d 4s 4p杂化轨道间的相互作用是NiTi合金表面氧分子吸附的驱动力，在此过程中，NiTi合金的体相结构没有发生变化，从而保证了其一系列力学性能和形状记忆特性在表面氧化后不发生明显的变化，使表面改性的工作可以安全、可靠的完成而不影响其植入人体后发挥正常的生理功能。

The performance and mechanism of corrosion inhibitions of POCA were studied bymethods such as weight-loss, electrochemistry, EDS, XPS and quantum chemistry. It isfound that POCA is cathodic corrosion inhibitor, having synergistic effect with HEDP andZn~(2+). The P and O atoms of phosphono have important electron density contribution toHOMO orbital and the electron gross orbital population is bigger than 1, so it is easy toform absorbing location between phosphono and metal resulting in good corrosioninhibition on mild steel.

通过利用失重法、电化学方法、扫描电镜、X光电子能谱、X-射线能谱和量子化学方法研究膦酰基羧酸的缓蚀性能及其机理，发现POCA是一种阴极型缓蚀剂，与HEDP、Zn~(2+)具有优良的协同增效作用；POCA分子中的膦酰基基团的P原子和O原子对HOMO轨道电荷密度贡献较大，且其轨道电子布居数均大于1，因此比较容易通过膦基与金属形成吸附位而对碳钢具有良好的缓蚀作用；对铜合金具有一定的腐蚀作用，但腐蚀作用比HEDP等有机膦药剂要小得多，同时与BTA具有优良的相容性，添加1mg／L的BTA则可以有效地防止铜合金的腐蚀。

The recent advances in the first principles calculations and atomistic simulations further help us in understanding atomic bonding, dislocation configuration and alloying effects in intermetallics which has led to the development of nickel, iron and titanium aluminide alloys with improved mechanical and metallurgical properties for structural use.

第一原理计算和原子结构模拟的新近研究结果能进一步帮助了解金属间化合物的原子结合键性质、位错组态和合金元素的作用。对基本问题的更好了解导致镍、铁和钛的铝化物金属间化合物合金的力学和冶金性能的改进，更接近了结构方面应用的要求。

At first, the author clarifies the enterprise status which also is the status of the ordinary followers of Magnesium Ingot, the competitive participants of Magnesium Alloy, and the new comers of Magnesium Die-casting in the market through the analysis of the macro-circumstance, the current profession circumstance, the enterprise situation, the national and international magnesium markets, the enterprise objective market as well as the opponents, Secondly, the author draws the annalistic conclusions of the inner strategic conditions that the inner circumstance of Magnesium Ingot, Magnesium Alloy, the Magnesium Die-casting and the Reduction Can is in comparatively disadvantageous, advantageous, extremely advantageous and comparatively advantageous status respectively, Also, the author identifies the market orientation of the enterprise products based on the detailed market classification as well as the prediction of demand supply of the purpose, consuming areas and the varieties of Magnesium products.

首先，通过对企业所处的宏观环境、行业现状、企业状况，对国际、国内镁市场、企业目标市场和竞争对手的分析，明确了企业在市场中的地位，即镁锭的一般追随者、镁合金的竞争参与者、镁压铸件的新进入者的地位。运用产业结构分析理论、盈亏平衡分析技术、BCG矩阵进行分析，找出企业自身的优势和劣势，得出了内部战略条件的分析结果，即镁锭、镁合金、镁压铸件、还原罐的内部环境分别处于较为不利、有利、极为有利、较为有利的境地。

The catalytic performance of all the amorphous alloy catalysts mentioned above was measured during liquid phase hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol, together with the kinetic studies. The relationship between the catalyst performance and the structure of catalyst, surface electronic state of the amorphous alloy has been systematically studied based on a series of characterization of catalysts . Meanwhile, the promoting effects of the support on the thermal stability and catalytic activity of the amorphous alloy catalysts have been discussed.

本文采用一系列的表征方法(XRD、XPS、TEM、BET、氢吸附、TPD等)进一步研究非晶态合金催化剂的表面结构、表面电子态和催化性能之间的关系，探索电子效应和几何效应对催化剂活性中心结构的影响，探索非晶态合金的晶化失活和载体对非晶态结构的稳定化作用，以及修饰剂对催化性能的改善作用等。

It is possible to produce low-titanium aluminum alloy directly. Three months of periods of industrial test for production low-titanium aluminum alloy was conducted using the 80kA prebake electrolysis cells. The test results showed that the electrolysis cell can work stably, and the effect of TiO2 added into electrolyte on electrolytic process parameters, current efficiency, consumes of materials and energyare trifling. The titanium content in alloys is stable and the absorbility of Ti is high. The microstructure of electrolytic low-titanium aluminum alloy is homogeneous. The grain refinement effect is excellent comparing with that of alloys added titanium by melting Al-Ti master alloys and both alloys have the same grain refinement trend.

在80KA中型预焙电解槽上进行了为期三个月的低钛铝合金的工业试验，结果表明，电解槽工作状态稳定，TiO_2的加入对电解槽的主要工艺参数、电流效率、物料和能源消耗影响不大，合金的钛含量稳定，钛的吸收率高；所生产的电解低钛铝基合金的微观组织均匀，晶粒细化效果好，与熔配加钛的细化规律相同。

The results indicate that the cooling rate of melt droplet that can not break further depends not only on its diameter, but also on its position in atomizing chamber. As a result, the same sized particles in different positions show different cooling rates and two different kinds of microstructures. The cooling rates of melt droplets range from 104 to 108 K/s, and the critical cooling rate for glass formation of Al-Ni-Y is about 105 K/s. Moreover, the corresponding maximum diameter of amorphous particles is 25 μm, which accords well to the theoretical analysis results. The new approach, reflecting the complexity of close-coupled gas atomization objectively, is available and effective to evaluate the cooling behaviors of close-coupled gas atomization.

结果表明：在一定的工艺条件下，紧耦合气雾化存在多种破碎模式，熔滴的冷却速率因直径、雾化位置的差异，相同直径熔滴经历结晶和非晶化2种不同冷却行为；依据Al基合金粉末的粒度分布和微观结构，结合熔体的雾化过程及冷却模式，确定熔滴冷却速率的上、下限；实验得出熔滴的冷却速率为104~108 K/s，Al-Ni-Y合金的非晶化临界冷却速率为105 K/s，能形成非晶态的熔滴最大直径为25 μm左右，实验结果与理论分析结果较吻合，比较客观地反映紧耦合气雾化的复杂过程。

Iron and steel materials to apply a wide range of reasons, first of all, the ingredients can be used to span, and from close to non-carbon content of pure iron to about 4% of cast iron, alloy, in this context, the phase structure and microstructure are great change; In addition, a variety of thermal processing is to process, in particular, metal heat treatment technology, a substantial change in composition and properties of alloys.

钢铁材料适用范围广阔的原因，首先在于可用的成分跨度大，从近于无碳的工业纯铁到含碳4％左右的铸铁，在此范围内合金的相结构和微观组织都发生很大的变化；另外，还在于可采用各种热加工工艺，尤其金属热处理技术，大幅度地改变某一成分合金的组织和性能。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷