合金的

The results under the oil lubricate friction conditions were similar with those under the dry friction conditions. The wear mechanism of 3Cr13 matrix alloy was micro-cutting and distorting wear. For the composites with a low fraction of TiC particle, distorting wear dominated and cutting was partly operating. For the composites with a high fraction of TiC particle, stress fatigue wear and wear of hard phase decohesion has occurred, but the main wear mechanism was still distorting wear. When the wear experiments were performed under the oil lubricate friction conditions, the main wear mechanism has became to abrasive wear and fatigue wear for the composites with the low TiC fraction, and fatigue wear would be to dominate for the composites with the high TiC fraction. There were similar wear mechanisms in H13 and 1Cr18Ni9 matrix composites.

在干摩擦条件下，3Cr13基体合金的磨损机理为显微切削和变形磨损；低体积分数的复合材料磨损机制以变形磨损为主，兼有少量的切削磨损机制；高体积分数的复合材料磨损机制以变形磨损为主，兼有应力疲劳磨损和脆性相剥落磨损；在油润滑摩擦条件下，3Cr13基体合金的磨损以磨粒磨损为主；低体积分数的复合材料磨损为磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损；高体积分数的复合材料磨损以疲劳磨损为主。H13、1Cr18Ni9基体及其复合材料的磨损机制类似于3Cr13基体及其相同体积分数的复合材料。

The sample which has retrogressive phenomenon precipitates the secondary phase during re-ageing treatment subsequently, and the reprecipitation sequence is due to the grain size caused by severe plastic deformation. There is a critical grain size below which the reprecipitation sequence changes, the heterogeneous precipitation of phase at grain boundaries would suppress precipitation of metastable phases such as GP zones and η′ phase.

强变形导致回归后的合金在再时效处理时可再次沉淀析出第二相粒子，但析出相的析出顺序与强变形后合金的晶粒尺有相关，当晶粒细化到某一临界尺寸以下时，析出顺序发生改变，非均匀形核的平衡相可抑制GP区、η′亚稳相等前期粒子的析出。

As flux used in light metal processing for metal surface treatment; as component in the production of aluminum-titanium-boron alloys and for the fabrication of grinding wheel and abrasive disc to reduce operating temperature; as flux used in welding; as fire retardent for cotton and artificial fibre; rodent for the removal of exposed lead in printed circuit board; chemical analytical reagent in electrochemistry; used to melt with silver, gold, stainless steel; as material to produce boron alloys.

作为熔剂用于轻金属加工对金属表面处理，制造铝钛硼合金和作砂轮研磨盘的成份，以降低操作温度；用于焊接上作助熔剂及制造其它氟盐的原料；用作棉花和人造纤维的阻燃剂，用来清除印刷电路中露出铅的侵蚀液；用于电化学合成的化学分析试剂，用于熔接和熔合银、金、不锈钢等金属，可做铝镁浇铸生产含硼合金的原料。

The results showed that for both of the alloys grains were obviously refined to same extent with increase in Ti content, and the grain sizes were coarsened to some extent due to evident fading of Ti effect during melt holding period....

随着保温时间的延长，所有合金的晶粒尺寸均不同程度发生了粗化，Ti对晶粒的细化效果明显发生了衰退。电解加钛铝合金晶粒细化效果的抗衰退能力优于熔配加钛铝合金，这种趋势对Ti的质量分数为 0 。1%～ 0 。2 %的合金特别明显。

At 1273K, the density of dislocations were considerably decreased in deformed TiAlMnNb alloy, twinning and 11 superdislocations were hardly observed, but few 1/212 superdislocations and 01 perfect dislocations were found in deformed TiAlMnNb alloy. In high temperature range, brittle-to ductile transition had already occurred in deformed TiAlMnNb alloy, unpinning and climbing were the dominant deformation behavior in TiAlMnNb alloy. In the same way as TiAlMnNb alloy, different distinguishing feature the dislocation configuration at low, intermediate and high temperatures emerged in deformed TiAlMnNbB alloy.

在中温区域，合金中位错组态变化可分为两个小区域，在673K以下，合金的位错组态有孪晶、1/210单位位错和少量的11超点阵位错；这一温度区间内孪晶和位错密度都大大提高，不同系统的孪晶相互交割阻碍了孪生的继续发展，不同方向的位错相互交割阻碍位错进一步滑移，同时孪晶界面也阻碍了位错的运动。

Optimal pretreatment conditions of electroless nickel plating for magnesium were decided by many experiments. Phosphoric acid technology was used to instead of acid processing by chromium trioxide and ferric chloride, and excellent coating was obtained by using dipped zinc, cyanide copper, nickel as medium.

通过多次试验确定了镁及镁合金的前处理方案，以磷酸洗的方法代替传统的铬酐加三氯化铁酸洗浸蚀的前处理工艺，配置简单，操作方便，以浸锌层、氰化铜层和中性镍层作为化学镀中间层，得到了结合力良好的化学镀镍层，获得了镁合金表面处理的新突破。

The results show that the damping capacity of Zn-22%Al remains constant for ageing temperature below 80℃, the warm rolling temperature. Traces of Ce and La can improve the damping capacity of water quenched and warm rolled Zn-22%Al, and decrease the reduction of the damping capacity of Zn-22%Al during ageing at 150℃.

结果表明，经水淬后80℃温轧的Zn-22%Al合金在低于温轧温度下时效时，其阻尼性能保持稳定；微量Ce，La的加入，提高了经水淬后80℃温轧的Zn-22%Al合金的阻尼性能，减缓了经150℃时效后阻尼性能的降低。

With the heat-treating temperature rise and time increase, the damping capacity of Fe-Al reaches peaks at 900℃or 1000℃for two hours followed by air cooling and decreases with further increasing of heat-treating temperature and time.

固溶处理后的在350℃时效处理过程中，随着时效时间的增加，合金的晶体并没有发生改变，合金的阻尼性能也没有明显的变化。

The porous NiTi shape memory alloy possessed a high mechanical property and good biocompatibility,its unique pore structure confirmed the ingrowths of tissue and the transmission of body fluid,and made the combination of the implant and the body tissue much firmer.

近年来，全球在形状记忆合金的研究和应用方面取得了显著进展，其中的多孔NiTi形状记忆合金是一种很有发展前景的生物医用材料。研究[1]发现，自然界的承力结构如骨骼、树木等都是多孔结构，这些材料在强度、刚度及质量分布等方面具有很合理的组合。

This paper studies the effect of consequent post heat treatment on the mechanical property and shape memory ratio of the welded TiNi joints in TiNi shape memory alloy precise pulse resistance butt welding,analyzes the joint structures and fractographies affecting mechanical property and shape memory ratio of welded joint by using strength testing, SEM and TEM, gets the optimum welding parameters obtaining good shape recovery ratio welded joint, and has discovered the inherent reason for proper consequent post heat treatment to promote the joint shape recovery ratio from microcosmic point.

摘 要：采用拉伸测试、SEM、TEM和定点成分能谱分析等手段研究了随机后热处理对TiNi形状记忆合金精密脉冲电阻对焊焊接接头力学性能、形状恢复率的影响，并对影响接头力学性能和形状恢复率的接头组织和形貌进行了研究，得出了获得具有较高形状恢复率接头的焊接参数，从微观角度揭示了随机后热处理提高接头形状恢复率的内在原因，为TiNi形状记忆合金的开发和应用提供了基础，具有重大的理论和实际应用价值。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷