合金的

The results indicate that the flow stress of the alloy increases with increasing strain rate and decreasing deformation temperature. The flow stress increases with increasing strain until the stress reaches the peak value, then the flow stress remains constant, which indicates that dynamic recrystallization happens during deformation. The flow behaviors are described by the hyperbolic sine constitutive equation, and the activation energy calculated is 337.75 kJ/mol. The as-forged microstructure consists of refined α2/γ and γ grains, and the grains are much homogeneous than before. The B2 phase distributes uniformly at the grain boundary of α2/γ and γ grains. The B2 phase decreases with increasing deformation temperature.

结果表明：流变应力随着应变速率提高和变形温度降低而增大；在变形过程中，流变应力随着变形量增大而增大，当流变应力达到峰值后趋于平稳，表明合金在变形过程中发生了动态再结晶；热变形过程的流变应力可采用双曲正弦本构关系来描述，平均激活能为337.75 kJ/mol；从合金的组织演化过程中可以看出，合金中不均匀的原始组织得到明显均匀化，变形后的组织是由α2/γ层片晶团和γ晶粒组成的双态组织，在α2/γ层片晶团和γ晶粒的晶界交界处发现分布均匀的B2相，并且随着变形温度升高B2相数量逐渐减少。

The iron, in which the carbide has a high chemical stability and the matrix possess a matchable oxidation resistance, can be well resistant to abrasive wear at elevated temperature. In addition, the high temperature abrasive wear resistance of the high Cr—Ni cast iron containing eutectic carbide is much better than that of 0Cr26Ni14 heat resistant steel in which no carbide exists.

结果表明，M〓C〓型碳化物的高温化学稳定性对高Cr—Ni铸铁合金的抗高温磨料磨损性能有显著的影响，碳化物的高温化学稳定性愈好，基体的抗氧化性又能与之相匹配，合金的高温抗磨性就愈好；而且，含有碳化物的高Cr—Ni铸铁合金的高温抗磨性远优于不含碳化物的0Cr26Ni14耐热钢。

The XRD result indicates that the axial ratio c/a of the tetragonal structure decreases with increasing the content of platinum, which leads to an increase of the deviation from unity of the tetragonal structure. So that, the anisotropy field of the ordered phase is improved and the coercivity is increased.

合金的X射线衍射结果表明：时效热处理后，随着Pt含量的增加，合金面心四方结构的有序相的c/a值逐渐减小，c/a值的减小增大了四方晶格结构的a与c方向的不对称性，使有序相的磁晶各向异性场增大，提高了合金的矫顽力

The results show that the technical parameters and the concentration of sodium molybdate have obvious effect on the composition of the alloy. The crystal grain size is from 6.2 to 12.7 nm and changes with current density, temperature and the pH value of the electrolyte.The crystalline growth of the alloy accords with the model of three-dimensional growth. The surface morphology is mainly determined by the rate competitions between the growing direction of vertical surface and the expanding direction along the surface towards circumambient. The results of the X-ray data show the presence of the multiphase containing solid solution and intermetallic compound in the deposits. The deposit phases alter from the FeNi and FeMo solid solution to the FeNi and MoNi4structure at 3 A/dm2. The deposits internal stress increases linearly with the decrease of the grain size. The lattice parameter of the deposits are slightly distorted

结果表明：工艺条件和钼酸钠浓度对合金组成的影响较大；所得合金晶粒尺寸为6.2~12.7 nm，并随电流密度、温度和电镀液的pH值的改变而变化；合金的晶体生长符合晶核三维生长模型，镀层表面形貌由平行和垂直于基体的生长速度的相对大小决定；镀层物相为固溶体和金属间化合物的多相结构，当电流密度为3 A/dm2时，镀层物相由FeNi和FeMo固溶相转化为FeNi和

The results show that La can refine the microstructure of Zn-22%Al alloy, slow down the grain growth and reduce the equiaxial degree during ageing, that the strength of Zn-22%Al-alloys and Zn-22%Al alloy remains constant after ageing below the warm-rolling temperature, and that La can improve the strength and the stability of mechanical properties of Zn-22%Al alloy.

结果表明：La具有细化Zn-22%Al合金的组织并阻碍时效时晶粒长大和等轴程度降低的作用；在低于温轧温度(80 ℃)下时效时，加La和不加La的Zn-22%Al合金的室温力学性能保持不变； La可提高Zn-22%Al合金的强度以及时效时力学性能的稳定性。

The results show that, Au-19.25Ag-12.80Ge brazing alloy is better, its melting temperature range is 446.76494.40 ℃, and the temperature interval between the solidus and the liquidus is 47.64 ℃. When the brazing temperature is in the range of 510550 ℃, the alloy has a good spreadability and wettability with Ni. Interface structure observation reveals that there is one continuous intermetallic layer between the brazing alloy and the base metal Ni when welding. X-ray energy spectrum analysis results show that the intermetallic layer is Ge3Ni5, and because of its brittleness, the overthick intermetallic layer will decrease the shear strength of the welding joint, therefore, the welding technology should be controlled so as to gain an ideal welding interface structure.

研究结果表明：Au-19.25Ag-12.80Ge合金的性能较好，其熔化温度范围为446.76~494.40 ℃，结晶温度区间为47.64 ℃；焊接温度在510~550 ℃范围内时，Au-19.25Ag-12.80Ge钎料合金与Ni基体具有良好的铺展性和润湿性，焊接时钎料合金与Ni基体之间形成了一条连续的金属间化合物层，能谱分析表明该金属间化合物层为Ge3Ni5，由于该化合物较脆，过厚的金属间化合物层使焊接接头的剪切强度下降，故应适当控制焊接工艺以获得理想的焊接界面组织。

By the OM and SEM observation of solidification microstructure, the interfacial reaction between TiAl alloy and Al2O3 crucible was serious, and a large number of α-Al2O3 inclusion formed in the solidification microstructure. The interfacial reaction between TiAl alloy and ZrO2 crucible occurred only on the sample surface, but the crucible was not stable at high temperature and a tack coating was formed, clinging tightly with TiAl alloy. C element in the graphite crucible changed the original solidification path of TiAl alloy, and club-shaped γ-TiAl phases formed.

通过用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对凝固组织观察发现，TiAl合金与氧化铝坩埚之间的界面反应较为严重，在凝固组织中形成了大量氧化铝夹杂；TiAl合金与氧化锆坩埚的界面反应仅发生在试样表面，但该坩埚在高温下不稳定，并在试棒表面形成一层无法剥离的粘结层；石墨坩埚中的C元素改变了原有TiAl合金的凝固路径，生成了棒状的γ-TiAl相。

The mechanical properties and microstructure of the joints joined by the new developed filler metal and TC18 filler metal were compared,the results showed that only the strength of the joint joined by TC18 filler metal was satisfied,while the comprehensive mechanical properties of the joint joined by the developed filler wire were ideal.

对采用研制的焊丝和采用TC18同质焊材钨极氩弧焊焊接TC18钛合金的接头力学性能及微观组织进行了对比研究，结果表明：采用同质焊材焊接TC18钛合金只能保证接头的强度指标，而采用研制的新型焊丝焊接TC18钛合金，可以保证接头具有优良的综合力学性能。

This study was conducted to examiune the fibrotic effect of Ni-Ti and 317L al loys in esophagus.The extract fluid from Ni-Ti,317L alloys was made according t o the ASTM standards of U.S.A. The Fb of esophageal scar was cultured primarily ,then incubated with alloy abstract fluid. The proliferating activity of Fb was measured by MTT at 4, 24, 48, 72 hours in the course of culturing. The esophagu s embedding test of Ni-Ti,317L alloys was made according to ASTM standards of U .S.A.The tissue around the alloys was taken at weeks 2 and 12,and the pathologi c changes were analysed.

为探讨新型支架材料Ni-Ti、317L合金在食管局部的致纤维化作用，按美国ASTM标准制备NiTi、317L合金的金属浸提液；&组织块培养法&原代培养食管壁疤痕的成纤维细胞，传代后以金属浸提液进行培养，分组后分别培养4、24、48、72 h，MTT法检测不同培养时间后Fb增殖功能的变化；按美国ASTM标准进行NiTi、317L合金试件的食管壁内包埋实验，即将金属试件经表面处理后直接置入食管壁粘膜层与肌层之间，术后2、12周取出包埋组织，分析试件周围组织的病理变化，并进行胶原纤维染色，观察纤维形成状况。

The research of complex Ni B alloy s and composite electroless Ni B depositions are also briefly introduced.

综述了化学镀镍硼合金的发展状况、化学镀二元镍硼合金的制备工艺、组织结构和性能以及热处理工艺的研究现状，并简要介绍了多元及复合化学镀镍硼合金的研究进展，展望了该领域的发展应用前

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。