合蕊柱

Stamens 5, usually inserted at base of corolla tube and adhering to stigma head to form gynostegium; filaments usually connate to form a tube enclosing ovaries; anthers 4-celled (Periplocoideae and Secamonoideae) or 2-celled, often with a membranous apical appendage; pollen tetrads contained loosely on a spatulate translator with a basal corpusculum, or pollen united into waxy pollinia, each attached through a caudicle to the retinaculum between adjacent anthers to form a pollinarium, pollinia 2 or 4 per pollinarium.

雄蕊5，着生于花冠筒的基部，与柱头贴生，和柱头粘生，形成合蕊柱；花丝通常合生成管包围子房；花药4室(Periplocoideae和Secamonoideae)或者2室的，通常有一膜质的顶端附属物；四合花粉松散地着生于匙形的载粉器上，具有着粉腺体，或者花粉合生成腊质的花粉块，通过花粉块柄与系接于着粉腺上，每个花药有花粉块2个或4个。

Male flowers: perianth tube basally solid; stamens 20, connectives completely united to form a stalked cup; anthers inserted on outside at base of cup, surrounding column base; gynostemium rudimentary.

雄花： 基部的花被筒实心；雄蕊20，药隔完全形成一个柄杯的；花药着生于在杯状的基部外边的，围绕柱状的基部；合蕊柱不发育。

Anthers oblong, 3-4 mm. Gynostemium 3-lobed.

花药长圆形，3-4毫米合蕊柱3浅裂。

Stamens 6-12, in 1 or 2 series; filaments adnate to ovary or style column with anthers free, or filaments and anthers fully adnate to style column to form gynostemium; anthers 2-loculed, dehiscence longitudinal.

或在1方面，雄蕊6-12系列；花丝贴生到子房上或者贴生到圆柱状花柱上，且花药离生，或花丝和花药与花柱合生形成合蕊柱。

Stamens 5 to very numerous, in 1-3 series, fused with the rudimentary pistil into a gynostemium or in bisexual flowers connate into a cylinder; free filaments absent; anthers 2-loculed, dehiscent longitudinally or by apical pores.

雄蕊5 到多，1-3 列，退化雌蕊愈合成合蕊柱或两性花合生成圆柱体无离生的花丝；花药2室，纵裂或者凭借顶孔开裂。

The phases of flower differentiation, column and pollinia differentiation were relatively longer.

其中，花蕾原基分化期、合蕊柱及花粉块分化期历时长，分化较慢，其它时期历时短，分化较快。

The results showed that the flower bud differentiation process lasted for less than three months from the start of inflorescence primordia differentiation in early July to column and pollinia formation in the end of September under the greenhouse climate condition in North China.

研究表明：在北方温室环境条件下，卡特兰花芽分化从7月初花序原基分化开始至9月下旬合蕊柱及花粉块形成历时约3个月。

After 20 days of culture, the floral bud was still undifferentiated and it would differentiate in 30 days. Floral anlage was formed after 40 days of culture.

处理20d时花芽仍未分化，30d时将分化，40d左右逐渐分化出花原基，50～80d可观察到萼片原基、花瓣原基、合蕊柱。

Scape suberect, usually shorter than leaves, loosely bearing 6-12cm or more flowers; bracts 5mm long; pedicel including ovary 4cm long; flower light yellow-green, faintly fragrant like Osmanthus fragrans ; dorsal sepal nearly oblong, 4.5-6cmlong, 1.2-1.8cm wide, yellow-green ,base tinged purple-brown on back, lateral sepals oblique-oblong, slightly narrow, petals narrower than sepals, 5-12mm wide, light yellow-green, spotted purple-red at base; lip slightly short-clawed, 3-lobed, side lobes erect, striped purple-red, mid-lobe somewhat reflexed, waved at margin, disk pubescent above, with 2paralles lamellae, long-hairy.

花葶近直立，常短于叶，疏生6~12朵或更多朵；花苞片长约5mm ；花梗连子房长约4cm ；花浅黄绿色，稍有桂花香气；中萼片近矩圆形，长4.5~6cm ，宽1.2~1.8cm ，黄绿色，背面基部有紫褐色晕，侧萼片斜矩圆形，稍窄；花瓣比萼片窄，宽5~12mm ，浅黄绿色，基部有紫红色的小斑点；唇瓣略有短爪，3裂，侧裂片直立，具紫红色条纹，中裂片略反折，边缘波状，唇盘上表面被短柔毛，2条褶片平行，生长毛；合蕊柱须长，3~4.2cm 。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。