合理值

The main factors affecting the soil-structure interface behaviors were found experimentally and theoretically, including: 1 the thickness of the interface that is five to six times the average grain size of the soil; 2 the aeolotropy of interface, which is responsible for anisotropic response of the stress-strain response of the interface; 3 two physical states, including crashing and compression of the soil near the structure surface, which govern the stress-strain response of the interface strongly; 4 two shear deformation components due to sliding and constraint of the structure surface relative to the soil respectively, which forms the deformation of the interface; 5 the volumetric strain due to dilatancy, which is found to be composed of a reversible dilatancy component and an irreversible dilatancy component. 4. A unified constitutive model of the interface, based on new elasto-plasticity damage theory, was developed. It was confirmed to be effective for the conditions considering monotonic and cyclic shearing, coupling effect of shear and volumetric strains, evolution of physical state, micro-structure aeolotropy of the soil and the resulting aeolotropy of the interface as well as the three normal boundary conditions stated above. 5. 2D and 3D finite element formulations of the present model were derived and incorporated into the FEM codes. They were applied to the evaluation of practical engineering problems with different typical interfaces between soil and structure. The new model was shown to be reasonable and effective.

确定了粗粒土与结构接触面厚度约为5～6倍的平均粒径，首次揭示了接触面的细观结构异向性以及由此所引起的宏观剪切异向性，发现了在单调和往返剪切荷载作用下土颗粒破碎和剪切压密两种物态变化机制共同支配着接触面力学性质的变化，通过细观分析证实了接触面的变形可分解为一般同时发生的土与结构交界面上的滑移变形以及结构面位移约束范围之内土体本身的剪切变形两部分，观测到接触面受剪时表现出明显的相对法向位移，并可分解为可逆性和不可逆性两个分量；(4)建立了第一个能够统一地描述单调与往返剪切特性、剪应变与体应变耦合特性、细观结构和宏观剪切异向性以及土颗粒破碎等物态变化特性的土与结构接触面弹塑性损伤本构数学模型，并采用多种法向边界条件复杂加载路径的试验成果验证了新模型的合理性和有效性；(5)提出了新模型的二、三维有限元格式并结合实际边值问题进行了应用计算分析，比较了不同接触面本构模型对计算结果的影响，证实了新模型及其有限元格式不仅能够合理地描述土与结构接触面的主要力学特性，还能够较好地反映土体与结构物在接触面处的滑移、脱开等不连续现象。

After analyzing the acting force of sliding surface of the model piles, the author put forward the reasonable built-in depth of the anchor ante-sliding pile model in the normal condition and determines the range of the value, namely, within the passive earth pressure values between unsticky and sticky earth.

在对模型桩桩前滑面以下受力分析的基础上，提出了锚杆抗滑桩模型在正常工作状态下合理的锚固深度；并指出了该力值的范围，即介于非粘性土与粘性土的被动土压力值之间。

In this paper, the equations to calculate the sensitivity and contrast coefficient by the model are ana- lysed and th...

在 TQ—16电子计算机上计算了10条特性曲线，与图解平均值(5人)进行了比较，其感光度差值在±0.6以内，反差系数差值在±0.06以内，所得结果与犬井正男，柏修司的试验结果一致，因此，可以认为该数学模型是合理可用的。

In order to obtain reasonable processing parameter of electroless nickel plating, the influences of the concentration of reductants NaH_2PO_2 and complex agents DL-lactic acid, stabilizers ,pH value and temperature on the deposition rate , the content of P and stability of the plating solution were studied.

在化学镀镍的工艺中，研究了次亚磷酸钠和络合剂乳酸的浓度、pH值、稳定剂和温度等工艺参数等对沉积速度和镀镍层含磷量的影响，找出了合理的化学镀镍工艺：还原剂的浓度为25 g/l~ 30g/l，络合剂乳酸的浓度为8ml/l ~ 12 ml/l，pH值的范围为4.6 ~ 4.9，选择作稳定剂，温度为85℃左右。

Results of numerical simulations were validated by measuring the piston displacement, cylinder pressure, discharge valve displacement. The calculated displacement waveform of the discharge valve is accordant with the experimental one, which demonstrates that the valve model is reasonable.

通过分析比较不同工况下排气阀位移的计算值与实验值，可以看到阀片位移波形的变化趋势是一致的，位移峰值相互对应，说明模拟计算的结果基本正确，建立的气阀模型是合理的。

Finally,the calibration of the reliability-based factors of the frequent value and the quasi-permanent value of live loads is conducted by the Joint Committee method through an actual design,and the indices are proved to be reasonable and the new method is proved to be feasible.

最后，依据可靠度计算的校准法，结合具体工程进行了基于目标可靠度的可变荷载频遇值系数和准永久值系数的标定，通过设计实践证明所建议的目标可靠度指标值是合理的，采用的标定新方法是可行的。

To doing poineering work the appraise value of the enterprise is investment does poineering work board difficulty and crucial point, investor must careful analysis, reason is judged, on the foundation that is worth in reasonable estimate, discretion is participated in do poineering work board the market trades.

对创业企业的估值是投资创业板的难点和关键点，投资者一定要审慎分析，理性判断，在合理估值的基础上，谨慎参与创业板市场交易。

To doing poineering work the appraise value of the enterprise is investment does poineering work board difficulty and crucial point, investor must careful analysis, reason is judged, on the foundation that is worth in reasonable estimate, discretion is participated in do poineering work board the market trades.

对创业企业的估值是投资创业板的难点和关键点，投资者一定要审慎分析，理性判断，在合理估值的基础上，谨慎参与创业板市场交易。【以下内容为IT者网站提供英文翻译，未经授权请勿转载

Through a great number of experiments, the paper put forward to shear test index of graded broken stone with self-invented instrument, analyzes its influence rule by varying gradation, water content, compactness, shear rate and lateral compression; studies systematically the changing rule of CBR, infiltration index and thermal conductivity by gradation; works out the suitable biggest particle size, key screen openings and range of their reasonable percentage passing; put forward to graded broken stone design methodology based on CBR and shear strength and construction method in perennially frozen soil zone.

本文通过大量试验，利用自行研发设备，提出了级配碎石的抗剪切性能指标，分析了级配、含水量、密实度、剪切速率、侧压力对抗剪切性能的影响规律；系统研究了级配对CBR值、渗水性能、导热性能的影响规律；通过CBR试验和抗剪切试验，得到了最佳级配最大粒径和关键筛孔及其通过率合理变化范围；提出了基于CBR值和剪切强度双指标控制的级配碎石组成设计方法及适宜多年冻土地区的施工工艺。

The method is validated by testing nylon, polymethyl methacrylate, epoxy resin. This study also finds that the calculation hardness is more reasonable than the measured value. When different material hardness is compared, we can find the former is more suitable.

试验中还发现，根据深度计算的硬度值与通过表盘读出的硬度值是不同的，在比较不同高分子材料的硬度时，前者比后者更合理。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。