合成体

Use of stereoselective or stereospecific synthetic methods or separation of racemic mixtures can be used to obtain individual optical isomers.

可以使用立体选择或立体专一的合成方法，或者外消旋混合物的分离，来获得单独的光学异构体。

Synthesis of racemic 1,1′-bi-2,2′-naphtholby catalytic oxidative coupling of 2-naphthol was reviewed.

综述了催化氧化偶联2-萘酚合成外消旋体1，1′-联二萘酚的方法。

The CORNELL/COPERSUCAR/USPA project for the application of RELP technology in sugarcane encompasses three objectives: aEstablishing measures of genetic distance among and within species of the Saccharum complex and hybrids. bDevelopment of a genetic linkage map applicable to the saccharum genera.

CORNELL/COPERSUCAR/USPA 合作的多倍体的核酸内切酶内切限制断段变化技术应用于甘蔗，包括三个目的：a建立甘蔗属的合成物和杂种种内和种间的基因距离的测定。b发展应用于甘蔗属的基因链锁图。c努力建立分子标记和农学特性之间的链锁。

Yellow serofluid, brown yellow in color and colloid turbid state in appearance, contained sugars, ethanol, solids, and especially rich alcohol, aldehyde, acids, esters and beneficial microbes. It could be used as precursory substance for the improvement of liquor quality and liquor taste and the synthesis of flavoring substances.

黄浆水为棕黄色、胶体混浊态，含有糖分、酒精、固形物，特别是含有大量的醇、醛、酸、酯及有益微生物菌体，是可用来提高曲酒质量、改善风味、合成香味物质的前驱物质。

The mian works are as follows:(1)By coprecipitation technique and coprecipitation- gel technique the nano zirconia powder was produced, factors affecting the properties of nano zirconia powder such as pH and the content of stabilizator are analyzed;(2)By the new pressless sintering process, the nano zirconia ceramic was produced, factors which can affecting the properties of nano zirconia sinter body such as moulding press and the sinter temperature are analyzed;(3)By the microtherm pressless sintering process, the nano copper added functional zirconia ceramic composite was produced, microscopic dimensionality and electric properties of such sinter body and the factors affecting such sinter body are analyzed;(4)By the self-invented "external albumen coating" technique the zirconia powder was successfully coated by carbon in the corresponding sinter body, which can help solve the traditional aggregation problem to some degree;(5)Based on analyze the characteristics in the nano powder sinter process, the "three-ball sinter model" was proposed, for the relationship between the relative density and porosity of sinter body, by mathematical fitting, such model was successfully verified.

本研究比较系统地研究了纳米氧化锆陶瓷的合成与成型机理，特别是讨论了纳米氧化锆陶瓷的稳定性，为防止纳米颗粒在外场作用下的团聚和长大提供了理论基础和实验数据，具体工作有以下几方面：(1)采用共沉淀法和共沉淀-凝胶法制备了纳米氧化锆粉体，并分析了pH值和稳定剂含量对粉体性能的影响；(2)采用新型无压烧结工艺制备了纳米氧化锆陶瓷，并分析了成型压力和烧结温度对烧结体性能的影响；(3)采用低温无压烧结工艺制备出添加纳米铜的功能性纳米氧化锆复合陶瓷，并分析了烧结体的微观尺度和电学性能的变化以及影响因素；(4)通过自创的&鸡蛋清外敷法&在真空镀膜台上对纳米氧化锆粉体进行包敷碳颗粒的表面处理，并采用真空烧结工艺制得相应烧结体，初步开始解决陶瓷烧结过程中团聚长大这一传统难题；(5)通过分析纳米颗粒在制备烧结体过程中的实际特点，提出了&三球烧结数学模型&，通过引入坯体相对密度和孔隙率的相对关系分析并通过自行编写的数学拟合软件，验证了这一数学模型。

Novel styryl derivatives with triphenylamine as donor and triazine as acceptor were synthesized. The two-photon absorption cross section for Ⅴ-1,Ⅴ-2 and Ⅴ-3 were determined to be 0.31×10〓cm〓/Gw, 0.365×10〓cm〓/Gw and 1. 64×10〓cm〓/Gw by femtosecond Z-san technology, respectively.

合成了以三苯胺为电子给体、三嗪为电子受体的新型二苯乙烯类化合物，用飞秒开口z-扫描测量化合物Ⅴ-1、Ⅴ-2和Ⅴ-3的双光子吸收截面分别为0.31×10〓cm〓/Gw、0.365×10〓cm〓/Gw和1.64×10〓cm〓/Gw。

Hideyuki Doi, Nakui Madaki, Hrroshi, Hiromichi Komatsu, Keisei Fujimori and Susumu Satomi Tohoku. A New Preadipocyte Cell Line,AP-18,Established from Adult Mouse Adipose Tissue. J.Exp.Med,2005,207:209-216[2] Tontonoz P, Hu E, Spiegelman BM. Stimulation of adipogenesis in fibroblasts by PPARγ 2, a lipid-activated transcription factor. Cell ,1994,79:1147－1156

PPARα调节脂肪代谢的机制总结如下：肝脏脂肪酸水平的增高激活PPARα，然后转录激活参与脂肪酸氧化的基因；配体与之结合后可激活编码乙酰辅酶A合成酶的基因，同时PPARα激活后可调节脂肪转运相关基因的表达如PPARα升高高密度脂蛋白和抑制ApoC－Ⅲ的表达。

Many chemists focus on the design and syntheses of small molecular ligands of biological receptors.

用于研究生物受体的有机小分子配体的分子设计和合成已成为许多化学家研究的焦点。

It is found that the stereochemistry of the reactions of telluronium allylide,crotonylide and trimethylsilyallylide with α,β-unsaturated esters and amides can be tuned by thechoice of reaction conditions.

利用反应条件的变化首次实现了烯丙基、巴豆基、含硅烯丙基碲叶立德与α，β-不饱和酯、酰胺进行环丙烷反应的立体化学调控，能高立体选择性地、高效率地合成两种不同几何异构体中的一个。

In chapter 5,several novel fluorescent dyes based on perylene tetracarboxylic diimides were prepared by a catalytic nucleophilic addition of an activated methyl group to carbonyl group.

第四章：以无水氯化锌为催化剂，将含活泼甲基的2-甲基喹啉连接到PDI单元的酰亚胺N的位置，合成了两个含PDI单元和硼氟荧光体单元的新颖荧光染料。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失