合成代谢产物

Metabolic pathway analysis for this strain showed that pentose and hexose could be transferred to succinic acid and other byproducts including acetic acid and α-ketoglutaric acid.

对菌株的代谢途径分析表明细胞具有五、六碳糖代谢酶系，以及在大量合成丁二酸的同时也产生少量乙酸、α-酮戊二酸等副产物。

Erythromycin is the secondary metabolite of Saccharopolyspora erythraea. It is a broad spectrum macrolide antibiotic and clinically used widely.

红霉素是糖多孢红霉菌合成的次生代谢产物，为一类广谱大环内酯类抗生素，在临床上具有广泛的应用。

Half-micro-quantum experiment on synthesis of furfuryl alcohol and furoic acid ;2. The silver oxide catalytic oxidation of furfurol in manufacturing furoic acid was improved.

2呋喃甲酸是糠醛在人体中的代谢产物，可做为防腐剂、熏蒸剂等，本文报道[Nd(C4H3OCOO)2·NO3·C10H8N2]2配合物的合成和单晶X射线衍射分析结果。

Immunohistochemistry technology was used to evaluated tyrosine hydroxylase of DA synthesis. DA, 5-hydroxytryptophan(5-HT) and their respective metabolic products 3,4 -dihydroxyphenylacetic, homovanillic are also precisely quantified in this research by using high-pressure liquid chromatography with electrochemical detector. The main metabolism monoamine oxidase of DA was processed too. RESULTS:WD can increase the synthesis and the metabolism process of DA .

本文观察了温胆汤及其配伍对大鼠刻板行为的影响，采用了免疫组化技术对多巴胺的合成酶—酪氨酸羟化酶进行了含量测定，应用高效液相-电化学法测定了DA、5-羟色胺（5-HT）及代谢产物3，4—二羟基苯乙酸、高香草酸的含量，并测定了DA主要降解酶—单胺氧化酶。

In addition, SW480 and HCT116 cells were treated with deoxycholic acid for 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. It was found that the deoxycholic acid treated cells showed an elevation of ATP activity by 12.35 %, 20.08 %, 29.69 %, 33.56 %, 45.85 %, 54.32 %, respectively. While the HCT116 treated cells, showed an elevation of ATP activity by 3.69 %, 5.59 %, 8.52 %, 12.26 %, 16.52 %, 19.71%, respectively.From the experiments conducted using the cell lines described above, it was further confirmed that genes CYP7A1 (cytochrome P450, family 7, subfamily A, polypeptide 1), AKR1D1 (aldo-keto reductase family 1, member D1), ALDH1A1 (aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1), BAAT (bile acid Coenzyme A: amino acid N-acyltransferase), ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A, member 1), APOC3 (apolipoprotein C-III), LIPA, LIPE (lipase, hormone-sensitive), PTGER2 (prostaglandin E receptor 2) and PTGS2 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2) were up-regulated.

此外，为了证实其脂肪代谢产物胆酸对细胞癌化的影响，亦使用SW480和HCT116细胞株，经由脱氧胆酸在15分钟、30分钟、45分钟、60分钟、90分钟和120分钟处理后，其细胞增生比率分别有12.35%，20.08%，29.69%，33.56%，45.85%和54.32%(p.05)以及3.69%，5.59%，8.52%，12.26%，16.52%和19.71%(p.05)上升情形，并从这些细胞株进一步证实CYP7A1(细胞色素P450-7A1)、AKR1D1(醇醛酮还原酶-1-D1)、ALDH1A1(醛脱氢酶-1-A1)、BAAT(胆酸辅酶A：氨基酸N-醯基转移酶)、ABCA1(三磷酸腺苷结合盒转运体A1)、APOC3、LIPA、LIPE(脂肪酶/激素敏感脂肪酶)、PTGER2(前列腺素E受体2)和PTGS2(前列腺素内过氧化物合成酶2)等基因表现皆有呈现向上调控的情形。

The effects of several components in the culture medium on Lithospermum erythrorhizon cell growth and secondary metabolite synthesis were studied, as well as structural dynamic model. The two-liquid-phase culture of Lithospermum erythrorhizon was carried out by choosing the proper organic solvent as the second phase. The bioactive carrier for adsorption was prepared and the condition of cell immobilization was determined. We combined the technique of two-liquid-phase culture and immobilization to carry out the culture. We chose the suitable type of reactor, studied its characteristics and results of cell culture using this reactor. The fed-batch operation was also studied on the basis of twoliquid-phase culture and immobilization used in culture in the reactor.

本文研究了紫草细胞悬浮培养中培养基中多种成分对细胞生长与次生代谢产物合成的影响，进行了结构化的动力学模型研究；通过选择合适的有机溶剂对紫草细胞进行了双液相培养研究；通过确定以吸附为细胞的固定化方法，进行了生物活性吸附载体的制备与固定化细胞的制备研究；并结合双液相培养技术，对紫草细胞进行了固定化培养及其动力学模型的研究；对反应器进行选型，并进行冷模与热模研究；在反应器中进行了固定化紫草细胞的双液相培养条件下的流加操作研究。

Glioma is still one of refractory disease in the neurosurgical field; the development of new primary and adjuvant treatment is vital. Recently, the gene therapy of glioma is developed rapidly and there are many methods about the gene therapy that include: suicide gene therapy, immunologic gene therapy, drug resistangce gene therapy, angiostatin gene therapy and so on. The sucide gene therapy is the most potential approach of antitumer, these nonmammalian genes encode enzyme that convert nontoxic prodrugs into highly toxic metablites. Cells transfected with suicide genes are targeted for specific negative selection, witch can be induced by administrtion of the corresponding produg. Among the enzyme/produg combinations, two of the best characterized system are herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase /ganciclovir and Escherichia coli cytosine deaminase /5-flourocytosine (5-FC). The formor can convert the antiviral nucleoside analogs acyclovir , ganciclovir to their nucleoside monophosphate derivatives, the monophosphate forms are subsequently phosphorylated by endogenus cellular kinases to triphosphates, these molecules are potent inhibitors of DNA synthesis.

近年来脑胶质瘤的基因治疗发展迅速，应运而生的方法有自杀基因、免疫基因、多药耐药基因以及抗血管生成基因等，其中自杀基因被认为是最有前景的基因治疗方法，它又称病毒介导的酶／药物前体疗法，是利用转基因技术将哺乳动物细胞中所不含有的自杀基因转入到哺乳动物肿瘤细胞中，该基因表达的产物可将无毒的药物前体转化为毒性药物，从而选择性杀伤该肿瘤细胞，常用的自杀基因有单纯疱疹病毒-胸苷激酶基因和大肠杆菌胞嘧啶脱氨酶基因，前者催化无毒性抗病毒核苷类似物如丙氧鸟苷、无环鸟苷等成为单磷酸核苷衍生物，然后在内源性细胞激酶作用下转化为具有明显毒性的三磷酸核苷，作为DNA合成链的终止剂和DNA合成酶的抑制剂，干扰细胞DNA的合成；后者编码的胞嘧啶脱氨酶可催化5-氟胞嘧啶（5-FC）脱氨成为5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU），然后代谢为有毒性的5-氟尿嘧啶-5′三磷酸（5-FUTP）和5-氟-2′脱氧尿嘧啶-5′磷酸（5-FdUTP），5-FUTP通过与UTP竞争性结合而抑制mRNA和tRNA的合成，5-FdUTP则作用于胸苷合成酶，导致TMP衰竭而阻止DNA的合成，最终诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。

Searching for specific ligand to a certain recepter or enzyme in human body from secondary metabolities of plants, animals and microorganisms, Optimization of lead compound under certain theory or hypothesis, and synthesis methodology investigation of pharmaceutically active compound are all tasks of medicinal chemistry.

药物化学的研究领域十分宽广，既有从动物、植物、微生物的次生代谢产物中寻找与人体内特异性的受体、酶的激动剂或拮抗剂，又有在理论、假想指导下的先导化合物的优化，以及生理活性化合物的合成方法学研究。

By the affinity chromatography,fusion protein is purificated. The antiserum of chicken and rabbit were prepared with the fusion protein and Ghrelin-KLH.With active immunity and passive immunity,confirmed that Ghrelin of chicken have no obviously impact on ultimum metabolite,plasma Insulin,glucagons, T_3 and T_4.It entrances plasma GH,but inhibit food intake and increase of fat and body weight.These conclusion are obviously different from the mammal.

以纯化的融合蛋白和人工合成的Ghrelin-KLH为抗原，制备了鸡、兔抗血清：通过主动免疫、被动免疫中和实验证实禽类Ghrelin对鸡血浆中代谢产物、胰岛素、胰高血糖素、甲状腺素浓度没有明显的影响，对GH的分泌有促进作用，但与哺乳动物中不同，Ghrelin抑制鸡的脂重、体重的增加，抑制鸡的摄食。

In this paper, we summarized the development of synthesis of andrographolide derivatives and the isolation and identification of its in vivo metabolites.

作者对穿心莲内酯衍生物的合成及其体内代谢产物的分离和鉴定情况进行了综述。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失