合成

The E-TOF will also be feasible and practical to assist chemists in screening the optimal reaction condition or evaluating the overall efficiency of different catalytic systems for a specific asymmetric reaction.4.For the first time,we explored chiralγ-hydroxy-α,β-acetylenic esters,which were prepared via asymmetric alkynylation,as key intermediates to the synthesis of chiralγ-butyrolactones. This convergent and enantioselective approach to chiralγ-butyrolactones is practical and easily handled with protecting group free.

这一概念包括反应产率、对映选择性、配体用量以及反应时间四个重要反应参数，不仅适用同一反应不同催化体系的横向综合性评价，而且适用于某一特定反应催化体系的优化过程，有助于研究人员选择最佳的反应条件。4、我们发展了以手性γ-羟基-α，β-炔酸酯为关键中间体完成了手性γ-丁内酯类天然产物的对映立体选择性全合成，该关键中间体能够以我们的催化体系方便的对映选择性合成，之后的官能团转换方法成熟，易于操作，无需进行繁琐的官能团保护和脱保护过程，绿色经济。

A method to synthsis a - methylene - r - butyrolactones was reported by the substituted (a - carbethoxyvinyl) cuprate intermediates, generated by the addition of higer order cuprate to acetylenic ester,traping with epoxides stereoselectively.

本文报道了通过以高序铜代替低序铜对炔酸酯加成得到的取代铜与端基或环状环氧化合物的立体选择性反应，较高产率的合成α，β-取代烯酯，进而可合成α-亚烷基-γ-丁内酯类衍生物。

The aconitic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, itaconic acid homopolymer and polyepoxysuccinic acid which were non-phosphorus scale and dispersing inhibitors were synthesized with the fermentation products citric acid, itaconic acid and maleic anhydride.

以生物发酵产品柠檬酸和衣康酸为主要原料，分别合成了无磷阻垢分散剂丙烯三羧酸－丙烯酸共聚物和衣康酸均聚物，利用马来酸酐合成了聚环氧琥珀酸。

The term"the occupied volume fraction"was introduced to investigate the acquirability of mesoporous transition metal oxide by comparing the synthesis of mesoporous titanium and mesoporous silica.

论文对比了介孔SiO2和介孔TiO2的合成，通过引入占有体积分数这个概念考察了过渡金属氧化物介孔材料合成困难的原因。

Different aspects associating the DMAE-NHS-based CLIA were studied in this thesis,including synthesis of acridinium ester,chemiluminescent characteristics of DMAE-NHS,labelling antibody or streptavidin with DMAE-NHS,two-site sandwich chemiluminescent immunoassay for TSH,two-site sandwich chemiluminescent immunoassay involved biotin-streptavidin system for TSH,and competitive chemiluminescent immunoassay using biotin-streptavidin system for TLVThe desired acridinium ester,DMAE-NHS,was synthesized according to the reference method with some modifications.

目前国内尚未见有关DMAE·NHS的合成及其应用于CLIA的研究报导，本论文研究了吖啶酯DMAE·NHS的有机合成方法，DMAE·NHS的发光性能，DMAE·NHS及其与抗体偶联物的热稳定性，DMAE·NHS标记TSH单克隆抗体和链亲和素，TSH CLIA，TSH BAS-CLIA和TT_4 BAS-CLIA。

Using the methodology of radical cyclizations of α-acylamino radicals with acylsilanes to construct pyrrolizidine, indolizidine and quinolizidine skeletons, we were able to synthesize-Lentiginosine,-Epiquinamide,-Swainsonine and other analogous alkaloids.

本论文是延续实验室利用α-醯胺基碳自由基与矽基酮的环化反应来合成吡咯叻咭啶、吲哚叻咭啶和喹叺叻咭啶等骨架的方法，进而企图合成出-Lentiginosine、-Epiquinamide、-Swainsonine及其它类似的生物碱。

Adipic acid is a most important organic synthetic intermediate, and much attention has been paid for its green synthesis process because of disadvantages in current technology.

己二酸是一种非常重要的有机合成中间体，由于传统生产工艺的局限性，其绿色合成方法备受研究者的关注。

In this paper, PPVs derivatives with alkoxyl as side-chain and PPVs derivatives containing oxadizole were synthesized; the monomers and polymers were characterized as well. It was studied systemically the influence of component and molecular structure of main-chain and side-chain or side-groups on polymer solubility, electroluminescent and photoluminescent properties, thermostability, and light-emission device performance.

合成了烷氧取代以及主链中含有噁二唑的PPV衍生物，详细研究了各种单体和相关聚合物的合成并对其结构与性能进行了表征，系统研究了聚合物主链、侧链或侧基的组成与结构特征对聚合物的可溶性、电致发光特性、光致发光特性、耐热性以及电致发光器件性能的影响。

This paper contains three parts: 1 Synthesis of novel titanium complexes; 2 Polymerization behaviors of alkoxyl substituted Cp Titanocenes as catalysts for styrene syndiotactic polymerization; 3 Polymerization behaviors of alkenyl substituted Cp Lanthanocenes as Methyl Methacrylate polymerization catalysts.

中文题名新型茂钛、噁唑啉钛络合物的合成、表征以及茂钛、茂稀土络合物催化性能的研究副题名外文题名 Synthesis，characterization of novel Cp，oxazoline titanium complexes and polymerization behaviors of titanocenes and lanthanocenes 论文作者张浩导师钱延龙黄吉玲学科专业应用化学研究领域\研究方向金属有机与均相催化学位级别博士学位授予单位华东理工大学学位授予日期2003 论文页码总数148页关键词金属有机化学稀土络合物噁唑啉类钛络合物茂钛络合物馆藏号BSLW /2003 /O627 /27 本论文包括三部分内容：1）有机金属钛络合物的合成；2）烷氧基取代茂钛络合物催化苯乙烯间规聚合的研究；3）烯基取代茂稀土络合物催化甲基丙烯酸甲酯聚合的研究。

ABSTRACT The thesis aims at the studies on the total synthesis of α-alkylidene -β-hydroxy-γ-butyrolactones. It consists of the following three parts: Part Ⅰ: Review: Some studies on the total the synthesis of α-methylene-γ-butyrolactones, polysubstitution-γ-butyrolactones and α-alkylidene-β-hydroxy-γ-butyrolactones, were reviewed.

本论文以α-亚烷基-β-羟基-γ-丁内酯类天然产物的全合成研究为主，包括三个部分：第一部分：文献综述：着重介绍了α-亚甲基-γ-丁内酯萜类，多取代-γ-丁内酯类和α-亚烷基-β-羟基-γ-丁内酯类天然产物的全合成研究工作。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失