合成

Synthesis and chracterization of high ordered Ladderlike Polysilsesquioxane Since Brown first reported the synthesis of ladderlike polyphenylsilsesquioxane via "thermal equilibration polymerization"in 1960, it is still a question whether ordered ladderlike polysilsesquioxane can be prepared or not all over the world till now.

第一部分高规整性梯型聚硅氧烷的合成1960 年Brown 首次报道了用&热平衡缩聚法&合成含梯形结构的聚苯基倍半硅氧烷，但该报道受到许多研究者的质疑。至今40 多年来对能否合成真正规整梯形结构的聚倍半硅氧烷一直存在着争议。

In this study aldylencdithiomethylene Malonic acid acts as the main coordination agents and compound iron ion have been synthesized by the means of solution, As a result ,the 1D polymer is obtained.

本论文采用常规的溶液合成方法，首先设计合成了一个以含有二硫缩烯酮结构的丙二酸类配体和过渡金属铁离子的单核配合物，再以此单核配合物作为配体设计合成了三个异多核配合物和配位聚合物。

The Mannich-type addition of O , O'-dialky phosphite to 2-fluorobenzaldehyde and 4-trifluoro- methylaniline was carried out in one pot by means of adopting three kinds of green synthetic methods, microwave irradiation, ionic liquid and free solvent-catalyst condition. According to the results, the synthetic method was optimized without catalyst and solvent at 100 ℃ and 15 min, and it was economic, convenient, high yields, timesaving and environment friendly.

采用微波辐射﹑离子液体和无溶剂无催化剂三种绿色合成方法，分别进行了以亚磷酸酯、邻氟苯甲醛和对三氟甲基苯胺为原料的类Mannich一锅法合成反应研究，经合成筛选，优选出控制反应温度100 ℃、无溶剂和无催化剂加热反应15 min的合成方法，实验结果表明该方法经济、简便、产率高、反应时间短及对环境友好。

Using the chemical reaction route selection method proposed by the authors, a reaction route of using commercial methylglyoxal as the starting material to produce Furaneol was chosen.

今采用作者提出的化学反应路径选择因子对呋喃酮的合成方法进行计算比较，确定了以丙酮醛为原料，通过偶联反应合成中间体苏式3，4-二羟基-2，5-己二酮，再由成环反应制备产物呋喃酮的合成路线。

The synthesis of the NiFe〓O〓 spinel matrix material, the utility of grain composition of the spinel ingredients when synthesizing the inert anode, and the synthesis of the inert anode was studied essentially in this thesis.

本文重点研究了镍铁尖晶石原料的合成，合成惰性阳极制品时原料的粒度配比和惰性阳极制品的合成。

Five synthesis methods of AlN powder were discussed, namely direct nitrogenation of Al powder, carbothermal reduction of Al2O3, chemical vapor deposition, sol-gel method, self-propagating high-temperature synthesis and plasma chemical synthesis. The choice of AlN sintering additives and five sintering technologies were analysed, namely hot pressing sintering, pressureless sintering, spark plasma sintering, microwave sintering and self-propagating sintering. The preparation processes of AlN substrate and its influencing factors were expounded.

介绍AlN陶瓷的典型性能和导热机理；讨论AlN粉末的5种合成方法：铝粉直接氮化法、Al2O3碳热还原法、化学气相沉积法、溶胶凝胶法、自蔓延高温合成法和等离子化学合成法；分析AlN烧结助剂的选择和5种烧结工艺：热压烧结、无压烧结、放电等离子烧结、微波烧结及自蔓延烧结；阐述AlN基板的制备工艺及其影响因素。

The aim of this study was to develop a novel amphiphilic functional block poly(ε-caprolactone) bearing ketone groups MPEG-b-P(OPD-co-CL. 2-oxepane-1, 5-dione was copolymerized with ε-caprolatone in which methoxy poly (MPEG, Mn=5 000) and stannous octoate were used as initiator and catalyst, respectively. The syntheses were conducted by bulk and solution polymerization. 1H NMR results showed that peak position and splitting of the polymers synthesized through solution polymerization were consistent with theoretical data, demonstrating the products were designed block copolymers. While in the bulk polymerization, polymer peak position was changed due to their high reaction temperature, suggesting their structural variation.

将带有羰基官能团的4-羰基己内酯和ε-己内酯分别在甲氧基聚乙二醇(MPEG，Mn=5 000)为引发剂，异辛酸亚锡为催化剂溶液和本体体系中开环聚合，合成了两亲性侧基带有羰基官能团的聚己内酯嵌段共聚物MPEG-b-P(OPD-co-CL.1H NMR结果表明采用溶液聚合法合成的聚合物各峰的峰位置和分裂情况与理论一致，证明了产物是实验所设计的嵌段共聚物，而采用本体聚合法合成的聚合物由于温度的影响，聚合物各峰的峰位置发生了变化，说明其结构发生了变化；差示扫描量热法分析结果表明随着OPD单体含量的增加，聚合物的熔点，玻璃化转变温度和熔融焓增加；热失重测试结果表明OPD单体的引入增加了聚合物的热敏感性。

Using silicon and metallic iron,α-Si_3N_4 olivary microparticles with a diameter of about 300～500 nm have been obtained at 650℃.When silicon and metallic aluminium were used to react with ammonium chloride,α-Si_3N_4 nanowire bundles with diameter of about 8 nm can be also obtained at 600℃.Since all of the starting materials used are relatively cheap,the methods will have potential prospect in industrial application.3.Graphite-like carbon nitride nanowire bundles with diameters of 200-500 nm were synthesized from the solid state thermolysis of melamine at relatively low temperature(400℃).

相关研究工作的成果发表在International journal of applied ceramicstechnology.2、以廉价的硅铁合金和氯化铵为原料，在600℃合成了α相的氮化硅纳米线束，单根纳米线直径8 nm，长达800 nm，考察了反应温度和反应时间对产物纯度和形貌的影响；以硅粉和铁粉为原料合成了纯度良好，直径为150～500 nm的α-Si_3N_4亚微粒子；以硅粉和铝粉为原料在400-600℃合成了直径为10 nm左右的α相氮化硅纳米线束。

Products have good thermal stability anddecomposition temperature above 200℃; Selected lauryl amine as a case, then optimizedthe synthesis conditions by orthometric trial, and obtained the best synthesis technichs: themolar ratio of 1: 2.1, the reaction temperature was controlled at 80℃and the reaction timeof 16 h, reaction to the solvent n-propanol.

并对其热稳定性进行了分析，合成产物具有较好的热稳定性，分解温度都在200℃以上；以十二胺为例，用正交实验法优化合成条件，获得最佳合成工艺为：摩尔配比为1：2.1，反应温度控制在80℃，反应时间为16h，反应所用的溶剂为正丙醇。

The oversaturation of cholesterol in bile results in the formation of cholesterol stones. The liver is the organ which synthesizes cholesterol and secretes bile. Liver lipid metabolism research helps to explain the mechanism of cholelithiasis. Utilizing biochemical and biomolecular technology, we have done experimental work as follows: Analyse the ingredient changes of blood and bile samples from patients.

肝脏是合成胆固醇、分泌胆汁酸的器官，对肝脏胆固醇代谢的研究有助于阐明胆石症形成的原因，本文用生物化学和分子生物学的方法，分析了病人血液、胆汁中各种脂类成份的变化，以及肝脏胆固醇合成限速酶3-羟-3-甲戊二酸辅酶A还原酶（HMG-CoA Reductase）、胆汁酸合成限速酶7α-羟化酶（7α-hydrolase）的基因表达。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失