合成

Then, the behavior properties of synthetic musks as POPs were analyzed on the basis of their biological accumulation, environmental degradation and biological transformation. Some visible adverse ecological effects including environmental hormone toxicity, genetic toxic effects, and physiological ecotoxicity of synthetic musks, and their influences on enzymatic activity, and their toxic effects on microorganisms were also summarized.

在此基础上，从人工合成麝香的生物蓄积行为、环境降解行为和生物转化行为等3个方面，对人工合成麝香所具有的持久性有机污染物的行为特征进行了分析；概述了人工合成麝香的环境激素毒性、遗传毒性效应、生理生态毒性、对酶活性的影响以及对微生物毒性效应的研究进展，展示了人工合成麝香所可能产生的不良生态效应。

Then, the behavior of synthetic musks as POPs is analyzed on the basis of their biological accumulation, environmental degradation and biological transformation. Some visible adverse ecological effects including environmental hormone toxicity, toxic genetic effects, and physiological ecotoxicity, plus the influence of synthetic musks on enzymatic activity, and their toxic effects on microorganisms are also summarized.

在此基础上，从人工合成麝香的生物蓄积行为、环境降解行为和生物转化行为等3个方面，对人工合成麝香所具有的持久性有机污染物的行为特征进行了分析；概述了人工合成麝香的环境激素毒性、遗传毒性效应、生理生态毒性、对酶活性的影响以及对微生物毒性效应的研究进展，展示了人工合成麝香所可能产生的不良生态效应。

Compared the activities of 5 sorts of lipases from different source in synthesis of fatty acid esters and hydrolysis of olive oil, 3 sorts of lipases are better. Compared the stability and the activities of 3 sorts of Upases in different media, organic solvents and CAL lipase are best.

通过对不同来源的5种脂肪酶分解橄榄油和合成脂肪酸酯的比较，选出了合成脂肪酸酯活力较高的3种脂肪酶，通过比较不同介质中这3种脂肪酶的合成活力后，得出这三种酶在有机相中活力最高，从操作稳定性角度出发，选出催化酯合成效果最好的脂肪酶CAL。

The translators' translation strategies and especially their thinking at various stages are the major concerns of the investigation. The findings are as follows: 1. As soon as the translator uses his visual recognition system to build a linear sentence, the sentence will move down to the translator's FLS and FSS, which functions as sifters. 2. It is important to analyze out "participants","process" and "relations among them" by semantic analyzer. 3. Pragmatic analysis is sometimes conscious and sometimes unconscious. 4. During the synthesis stage, translators tend to retain products synthesized from synthesis stage same in meaning, structure and style as the products analyzed from analyzer, which is the default way. However if he was not satisfied with the tentative products, he would send them back to syntactic analyzer or semantic analyzer to process them again. 5. Relative to synthesis, analysis is supposed to be the starting point.

主要推论如下：1、当译者用视觉辨认系统建立起线性的句子以后，句子就进入了译者的常用词汇存储和常用结构存储中，它们就像一个筛子，句子经过它们之后，在译者的短暂记忆中就剩下与它们没有重叠的生词和新句式结构了，然后这些生词和新句式结构就分别进入译者的词汇搜索机制和句法分析器中了。2、在翻译过程中进行&参与者&，&事件过程&以及&参与者与事件之间的关系&的语义分析，对于得到正确合适的翻译是非常重要的。3、语用分析有时是有意识的有时是无意识的。4、在合成阶段，译者通常都保持合成的结果和分析的结果在意义、形式、风格上一致，这是默认的途径，但是如果译者在合成阶段发现可能得到的结果不通顺或者译者不满意，他则会返回分析阶段，重新进行语用、语义或句法分析。5、分析是起点，合成是终点。

At first, the rought C〓F〓 mixed gases are obtained by pyrolysis process of R22. A experimental pyrolysis device is designed and made by ourself. The optimum operating conditions are offered in the paper. Secondly, the much efforts is on the synthesis of R134. After through the discussion of basic thermodynamics and kinetics, selecting and preparating catalyst, it is possible that the synthesis of R134 by pyrolyzed gases hydrogenation. Base on the character of catalytic process, the kinetics equation about C〓F〓 catalytic hydrogenation is established. The rate constant of the reaction is obtained through experiment data regression. In order to achieve higher yield of R134, some optimum technological conditions is determined.

论文首先对R22裂解制成四氟乙烯混合原料气的裂解过程进行了讨论，自行设计和制作裂解反应装置，并确定裂解反应的最佳操作条件；然后，重点对R134的合成进行基础研究，分别从热力学和动力学的角度探讨以含四氟乙烯的R22裂解混合气为原料合成R134这一全新工艺的可能性，选择和制备加氢催化剂，根据催化过程特点建立四氟乙烯催化加氢反应的总包动力学方程，并在此基础上自行设计和制作中试合成装置，获得了以裂解混合气为原料合成R134的最佳工艺条件，为R134的工业化生产提供了必要的理论依据和实验基础。

In this article, the effect of different water pH (pH 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)on the secretion of nacre of freshwater pearl mussel Hyriopsis cumingii were studied with histochemical methods and transmission electron microscopy.

结果表明：在中性水环境中，贝体能积极地从外界水环境中吸收钙，并能旺盛地合成和分泌贝壳珍珠层及珍珠有机基质前体物质；持续的酸性水环境导致贝体的钙严重丢失，并引起珍珠质分泌细胞对有机基质前体物质的合成和分泌能力减弱；持续的碱性水环境虽能导致贝体对钙的积累，但珍珠质分泌细胞合成和分泌珍珠质有机基质前体物质的能力减弱；水环境的酸性或碱性程度越高，对珍珠质分泌细胞的合成和分泌活动的影响越大。

Some technologies,including olefines from methanol,oxalates and ethylene glycol from carbon monoxide,carbon dioxide-based polymers,chemicals from the syngas prepared by biomass gasification,acetone and butanol by fermentation,and chemicals from acetylene,ethanol,glycerol,furfural,hydroxymethyl furfural and starch,were reviewed.

包括甲醇制烯烃，一氧化碳制草酸酯和乙二醇，乙炔化学品，二氧化碳聚合物，生物质气化合成化工产品，发酵法生产丙酮、丁醇，乙醇衍生化工产品，甘油合成化工产品，糠醛和羟甲基糠醛合成化工产品，淀粉合成化工产品等重要的石油替代化学品生产技术被介绍。

It analyzes the effects of the pollution severity and the altitude or atmospheric pressure on the flashover voltage or the flashover gradient. It is shown that FOV is determined by the configuration, and the insul...

结果表明：合成绝缘子的污闪电压与伞裙结构有密切关系；在同样的最短干弧距离下，简单伞形结构的合成绝缘子具有更高的污闪电压和污闪梯度，对于伞形结构复杂的合成绝缘子，虽然其爬电距离提高了，但其污闪电压没有明显提高；高海拔下合成绝缘子的气压影响特征指数n大于瓷和玻璃绝缘子，并受伞裙结构形式、污秽程度的影响，且随着污秽程度增加，n逐渐减小，此外，染污方法和方式对n也有一定影响但不明显。

The optimun technological conditions were studied on the synthesis of 9-flourenylmethanal by the reaction of flouren and ethyl formate , and the synthesis of 9-flourenylmethanol by the reaction of 9-flourenylmethanal and methanal with sodium ethylate as catalyst.

研究了乙醇钠为催化剂，由芴与甲酸乙酯合成芴甲醛，再由芴甲醛与甲醛合成苯甲醇的工艺条件，结果表明：合成芴甲醛时，当芴为 16g时，催化剂乙醇钠 4 。5g ，甲酸乙酯 66ml，反应时间为 36h ，收率 75 %：合成芴甲醇时，当芴甲醛为 19g时，甲醛 7.0ml，10 %NaOH溶液 70ml，反应时间 2 。0h ，收率：63

Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis or combustion synthesis is a recently developed technology for producing materials with the advantages of simplisity of process, time and energy saving and excellent properties of products.

自蔓延高温合成或燃烧合成是近年来兴起的一项引人瞩目的合成材料的新技术，它具有工艺简单，省时节能，合成的产品性能优异等优点。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失