合作博弈

The snowdrift game is a celebrated game used as metaphor for investigating cooperative behaviors between selfish individuals.

著名的雪堆博弈是自私个体间的合作行为的一个隐喻。

Based on the assets specificity, this paper establishes the evolutionary game model under shareholding cooperative system and takes the degree of assets specificity、the size of appropriable quasi-rents、 cooperative surplus and average rate of return on capital as the major factors for the stability of the capital and the stability of the ownership structure.

本文以资产专用性为立足点，建立起农村信用社股份合作制下自然人股东和法人股东的演化博弈模型。本文认为农村信用社资产专用性的程度、可占用准租的大小、合作剩余、社会平均资本收益是股份合作制模式下农村信用社保持股权结构和资本稳定的主要因素。

The paper holds voluntary and compulsory participations are not the optimal approach that government should adopt,and suggests we should replace voluntary principle with moderate compulsoriness in the popularization of new cooperation medical system.

造成在具体实施过程中出现一些问题。分析这些问题，并通过构建博弈模型加以分析，可为新型农村合作医疗制度设计中，在自愿与强制之间的选择提供依据。一、自愿原则下容易引发的几个问题1。

Dixit, A and Luisa Lambertini (2001)"Monetary-fiscal policy interactions and commitment versus discretion in a monetary union."

Dixit和Lambertini (2003)提出了两个解决&财政-货币&博弈不合作的问题的方案：一个方案是设法使财政部和中央银行的目标相同，当两者拥有相同效用函数时，面对时间不一致问题，次优解是可以得到的；第二种方案是认为只要财政部和中央银行的目标完全分离，即财政部专职管理产出，中央银行专职管理通货膨胀，问题同样迎刃而解。

Cooperation behavior in multi-Agent systems is studied by using evidence theory and iterated prisoner's dilemma games.

在多Agent系统中，利用证据理论与重复囚徒困境博弈对其中的合作行为进行了研究。

New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme ; game balance ; compensation mechanism ; balance mechanism

新型农村合作医疗；博弈均衡；补偿机制；制衡机制

If the long cooperant relations between employee and employer can be retained, they can play repeated game, employer will work hard in training to get more future income.

如果企业能够与员工保持长久的合作关系，企业与员工进行多期重复博弈，为了谋求更大的未来收益，员工将有可能会在培训中付出努力。

On the assumption that on-job-training has lag effect, employee can't keep long cooperant relations with employer, they will play single-period game, employee will not work hard in training.

首先假设了员工在职培训具有滞后效应，因此，如果企业与员工不能保持长久的合作关系，他们只进行单期博弈，员工将不会在培训中付出努力。

Trust ; cooperation ; social institution ; game

信任；合作；社会制度；博弈

Short-term inside, liu Xingliang is opposite essayist of president of lab of Internet of no less than, famous Internet " person of outstanding ability " reporter place expresses: Video website and copyright just weichi long-term gain, copyright defeats ice to be not in one day to be able to be solved, still require bilateral and mutual self-surrender, cooperation, will achieve win-win.

短期内，正如互联网实验室总裁、知名互联网评论家刘兴亮对《英才》记者所表示：&视频网站和版权方将长期博弈，版权破冰非一朝一夕可以解决，尚需双方互相忍让、合作，来达到共赢。&

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。