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Multi-cylinder engines are normally equipped with pumps in unit monobloc form incorporating a corresponding number of elements,having a common camshaft and control means but provided with individual adjustments for regulating their output and setting their timing .

多汽缸发动机一般情况下装配整体式油泵，把相关的喷射单元组合成一体，共用凸轮轴和控制方式，但可单独调整以调节各自功率输出和设定各自的正时。每个喷射单元必须输送等量燃油，按照预定的输送比率分别校准。

This method took advantage of both nodal test and measurement test and overcame their disadvantages.

该组合方法融合测量检测和节点检测方法的各自优点且克服各自的缺点。

Chromosome evolution: x= 11 occurred in most genera of Komarovieae through Selineae; other basic chromosome number originated multiple times independently in the subfamily Apioideae; For Pleurospermum and Pimpinella, the basic chromosome number of each coincide with their phylogenetic placement.

从性状演化图上看，整个芹亚科的染色体祖先状态可能为 x= 11或者 x= 6，而且亚科内的大多数类群均保持了 x= 11这一祖征；对于其它基数，一般在芹亚科内多次独立起源，构成各自的自征或者共有衍征；对于多系类群，如棱子芹属和茴芹属，染色体分析的结果很好的支持了他们各自的系统位置。

Diphenyl-5-pyrenyl-2-pyrazoline shows the emission characteristics of pyrene in solution or the emission characteristics of pyrazoline in films and bulk crystals.

但是，DPP超微粒则表现出了分别出自于芘坏386 nm、吡唑啉环465 nm和分子之间的吡唑啉坏-芘环电荷转移激子570 nm的三重发射，而且各自对应各自的激发光谱，即三重发射的光通道互不干涉。

Based on different study purports and methods, they hold different theories and views in general study ways and principles, the definition of religionary sociology, social function of religion, the mundane of religion, their altitudes and objective endings of study in religionay sociology.

基于不同的研究旨趣和研究方法，他们在宗教社会学研究中的一般研究方法与准则，宗教的社会学界定，宗教所具有的社会功能，宗教世俗化及他们各自对宗教研究的学术态度与客观结果等方面有各自的理论与见解，表现为同中有异，异中有同。

A low-friction sliding mechanism includes a pair of sliding members having respective sliding surfaces slidable relative to each other and an ionic liquid applied to the respective sliding surfaces.

低摩擦滑动机构包括具有可彼此相对滑动的各自滑动表面的一对滑动构件和施加于各自滑动表面的离子液体。

In this article,the author provides a complete solution of network management information transmission between OptiX Metro5000 of Huawei and Unode WBM of NEC,which is to modify the mapping of D bits in SDH of OptiX Metro5000,reversion treatment,and finally to realize transparent transmission of two network ma.

为了使华为的OptiX Metro5000和NEC的WBM光设备混合组网后，其各自的网管信息能到达通信调度的网管终端，文章简单介绍了通过华为OptiX光设备SDH的D字节的映射、还原处理，实现了各自网管信息的透传。

The paper coalesces these three theories and posits three assumptions to the determinants of subsistence of NATO after the Cold War, that is: 1, The U.S.A as a superpower around the world is the leader of the alliance. The development of NATO accords with American interests. The U.S.A supports the existence of NATO. 2, The alliance furnished the members with mutual security interests and their different needs of self-interests. Most of the leaguers identify with NATO's status and function toward European security. 3, Each of the members has its specific national interests goals. The conformity of their crucial aims affects the situation of stability and development of the alliance. It will be a positive effect to the alliance when they are accorded and it will be a negative one when they are diverged.

本文结合了这几个主要流派在联盟理论方面的卓越部分，在此基础上，对北约联盟在冷战后存续的决定性因素作出了自己的理论假说并对其进行了论证，即：1、美国这个超级大国是北约的主导国，北约的继续发展符合美国利益，美国支持北约的存续；2、北约组织为其成员国提供了可以分享的共同安全利益以及各自不同的利益需求，其绝大多数成员国认同该联盟在欧洲安全中所扮演的的角色及其地位和作用；3、北约各成员国各自特殊利益目标的一致性与否影响北约的存续，即，当成员国特殊利益目标一致时，其行动方向一致，对北约的存续产生正面作用；当不一致或发生冲突时，其行动方向歧异，对北约的发展产生负面作用。

We should analyze this kind of situation upwards in four aspects: Firstly, if the actions which the non-national official accepts the bribe, are the main factors or playing a dominant role in the process, it would be regarded as common crime. Secondly, whether the family members of national official can constitute the main body of common bribery crime or not, it should be analyzed according to the characteristic and situation of bribery. Thirdly, when national official and company staff accepts bribery together by one"s duty, he should be criminated as the crime quality of the person who commits a crime by his duty. When the national official accepts the bribery by his duty or by his duty and other"s duty together, he should be criminated as bribery crime. But for the company staff, he should be criminated as the bribery crime of non-national official. Fourthly, when the national official asks the briber to send property to the third person, he would be criminated as bribery crime. And it will be analyzed concretely whether the third person is the common bribery crime or not. But the national official who tells the non-national official to ask and accept property should be the common bribery crime.

对非国家工作人员构成共同受贿犯罪的情况从四个方面进行分析：一、非国家工作人员实施收受贿赂的行为如起到支配和控制作用，则构成共同实行犯；二、对国家工作人员家属是否构成共同受贿的主体，应当根据其参与受贿的特点和情形进行分析；三、国家工作人员和公司企业人员利用一方职务共同受贿，应以利用职务便利实施的行为人的犯罪性质定罪，分别利用各自职务和既利用各自职务又利用对方职务共同受贿宜分别定罪，国家工作人员以受贿罪定罪量刑，公司企业人员以非国家工作人员受贿罪定罪量刑；四、国家工作人员指使行贿人将财物送给第三者，国家工作人员的行为应以受贿罪论处，第三者是否成立受贿罪的共犯应当具体情况具体分析，国家工作人员唆使非国家工作人员索取、收受财物的行为应当认定为受贿罪的共同实行犯。

In modern society ,the rapid development of Information Technology expedites the progress of the modernization and informatization in the manufacturing enterprise .

现代社会，信息技术的迅速发展加快了制造企业的现代化与信息化的进程，虽然ERP与CRM系统有着各自的优点，但在解决企业信息化的问题上，各自又各有局限性。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。