各向异性

In chapter five we have calculated the photonic band structures of PCs consisting of uniaxially/biaxially dielectric spheres with extraordinary axis along [111] direction.

在第五章，我们计算了单轴各向异性和双轴各向异性介质球构成的光子晶体的光子能带结构，并且取其异常轴沿[111]方向。

The results indicate that as the ERT has a advantage of being able to multi-directional imaging and monitor, on the basis of a analysis of resistivity images obtained at different directions, it is possible to characterize the spatial distribution patterns of the rock structure, and illustrate the anisotropic properties of the spatial distribution patterns in the rock resistivity changes during water saturation and desaturation processes.

结果表明，电阻率成像法在分析岩石裂隙介质的各向异性方面具有多方向成像和动态监测的优点，可以通过对不同方向上获得的电阻率图像的分析，提取出岩石沉积结构的空间分布模式，清晰地反映出岩石在饱水和排水过程中电阻率变化空间分布模式的各向异性特征。

The method connects the exponentially attenuating dividable auto-correlation function which is often used in the study of the lubricating behaviors of rough surfaces, to the theoretical model for studying the contact behaviors of rough surfaces and it will be a foundation for studying the lubrication and failure problems of sliding frictional pairs with anisotropic surfaces.

第三章对Onions-Archard的理论接触模型进行扩展，给出了计算各向异性粗糙表面接触性能的简便方法，并将粗糙表面润滑效应研究中常用的表征粗糙表面的指数衰减可分自相关函数和粗糙表面接触性能研究的理论模型联系了起来，为研究混合润滑工况下各向异性粗糙表面摩擦副的润滑和失效问题提供了基础。

Diffusion tensor imaging is a kind of new technique after diffusion weighted imaging.DTI can reflect anisotropy hydrone molecular diffusion features of damaged myeloid tissue through measuring apparent diffusion coefficient and fractional anisotropy.Accordingly,we can make more precise and allround estimate about spinal compression on microscopic scale.

磁共振扩散张量成像是继扩散加权成像后发展起来的一种新技术，它通过测量表观扩散系数及部分各向异性值来反映损伤脊髓组织的各向异性水分子扩散特征，从而在微观水平对脊髓压迫症做出更精确和全面的评价。

In view of the anisotropic damage characteristics of concrete under multiaxial stress state, an anisotropic elastoplastic damage model is presented.

针对混凝土多轴应力状态下各向异性损伤的特点，建立了各向异性弹塑性损伤模型。

It can not only solve the multi-domain problems of orthotropic media and the issue composed of isotropic media and orthotropic media, but also revertively solve the multi-domain problems of isotropic media.

提出的数值思想具有较好的通用性，其不但能求解正交各向异性材料的多域组合问题及正交各向异性材料与各向同性材料的结合体问题，而且也能蜕化求解各向同性材料的多域组合问题。

The saturation magnetization Ms, magnetic anisotropy field HA and magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant K1 of the above-mentioned particle assemblies wese estimated by using the law of approach to saturation of polycrystalline ferrite, while the Curie temperature Tc was determined by the thermodynamic relation.

用适用于多晶体的趋近饱和定律估计了上述颗粒的饱和磁化强度Ms、磁各向异性场HA和磁晶各向异性常数K1；并用热力学关系定出了居里温度Tc。

The quasi-perpendicular collisionless shock consists of foot, ramp and a series of overshoots and undershoots, after travelling back upstream for a short distance, the reflected protons gyrate back into the downstream where an temperature anisotropy is formed due to an anisotropy of velocity distribution, then excite Alfvén ion cyclotron waves and mirror waves that dissipate the kinetic energy into heat; At quasi-parallel collisionless shocks, the reflected protons can travel far upstream, and lead to the generation of ion beam instabilities which excite large-amplitude right-hand polarized ultralow-frequency resonant waves whose frequencies are are about〓 These waves are convected back downstream by solar wind and gradually merge to form the downstream state, in the meantime new waves are generated continuously in the upstream, this process where ULF waves are generated and merge into downstream state is cyclical.

准垂直无碰撞激波系由根部、斜坡区以及一系列的低冲和过插组成，被激波反射的质子向激波上游运动很短的距离就在回旋作用下再次向下游运动，和激波发生相互作用以后进入激波的下游，在激波的下游引起质子速度分布的各向异性，进而引起激波下游温度的各向异性，激发起Alfvén离子回旋波和镜波，将激波上游的动能耗散成激波下游的热能；在准平行无碰撞激波(θ〓＝10°)情况下，这部分质子能向激波上游运动很大一段距离，并在激波的上游激发起束流不稳定性，引起大振幅的低频波动。

Second, based on the spherical vector wave function in uniaxial anisotropic medium, and the first, second, third and fourth spherical Bessel functions satisfy the same differential equation and recursive formula. The scattering fields in terms of spherical vector wave function from a uniaxial anisotropic spherical shell and an anisotropic uniaxial-coated conducting sphere by a plane wave are derived. The electromagnetic fields in uniaxial anisotropic medium and free space can be expressed in terms of spherical vector wave functions in uniaxial anisotropic media and isotropic medium.

二、在建立均匀各向异性单轴介质球矢量波函数理论的基础上，利用二阶线性偏微分方程的性质和第一、第二、第三和第四类球Bessel函数满足相同的微分方程和递推关系，我们分别研究了单轴介质球壳和单轴介质涂覆导体球对平面波的电磁散射特性，首先给出了各个区域的电磁场用球矢量波函数来表示的解析表达式，进而利用电磁场在边界上满足电磁场切向连续的边界条件和球谐函数的正交性，得出了各向异性单轴介质球结构中电磁场用球矢量波函数表示的系数所满足的矩阵方程。

Because of the attenuation anisotropy of cap rock varied significantly for different Thomsen anisotropy parameters δ、ε, this effect will mislead AVO analysis, and should be compensated before AVO analysis.

盖层的衰减各向异性随各向异性参数δ、ε变化明显，会给AVO分析带来假相，在AVO分析前必须加以校正。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。